什么是NetBIOS（网络基本输入/输出系统）？

NetBIOS is an acronym for Network Basic Input/Output System which may seem a bit odd. NetBIOS is currently used mostly by Microsoft Windows operating systems in order to provide some services to the other network hosts. In this tutorial, we will learn NetBIOS and its services.

NetBIOS是Network Basic Input/Output System的首字母缩写，这似乎有些奇怪。 NetBIOS当前主要由Microsoft Windows操作系统使用，以便向其他网络主机提供某些服务。 在本教程中，我们将学习NetBIOS及其服务。

什么是NetBIOS？ (What Is NetBIOS?)

NetBIOS protocol is first created by IBM where it is implemented for Microsoft Windows operating systems. The time was 1985 when Microsoft implemented it for the MS-DOS. NetBIOS gained popularity with the Windows operating systems because of the Windows popularity. Even it is created to run on the Token Ring network it is also extended to run on 802.2 or Ethernet networks. NetBIOS is standardized with the RFC 1001 and RFC 1002 in order to run on TCP/UDP protocols which is simply an emulation.

NetBIOS协议首先由IBM创建，并在其中为Microsoft Windows操作系统实现。 1985年是Microsoft为MS-DOS实施它的时间。 由于Windows的流行，NetBIOS在Windows操作系统中获得了流行。 即使它被创建为在令牌环网络上运行，它也被扩展为在802.2或以太网网络上运行。 NetBIOS使用RFC 1001和RFC 1002进行了标准化，以便在TCP / UDP协议上运行，这只是一种仿真。

NetBIOS can work over TCP/IP port number 139. The client and server both use the TCP port 139 in order to call each other. Both sides can send and receive commands by calling each other. Another alternative for the NetBIOS port is UDP 138. Like TCP all communication is done over UDP 138.

NetBIOS可以在TCP / IP端口号139上工作。客户端和服务器都使用TCP端口139以便相互调用。 双方可以通过相互调用来发送和接收命令。 NetBIOS端口的另一个替代方法是UDP138。像TCP一样，所有通信都通过UDP 138完成。

NetBIOS服务 (NetBIOS Services)

NetBIOS provides three distinct services which are:

NetBIOS提供了三种不同的服务：

• `Name Service` is used for name registration and resolutions in the same LAN. This service is also called `NetBIOS-NS` in short.
  “名称服务”用于同一局域网中的名称注册和解析。 该服务也简称为“ NetBIOS-NS”。
• `Datagram Distributions Service` is used for connectionless communication and data transfer between NetBIOS clients. It is called `NetBIOS-DGM` in short.
  “数据报分发服务”用于NetBIOS客户端之间的无连接通信和数据传输。 简称为“ NetBIOS-DGM”。
• `Session Service ` is used for