Redis是基于内存的key-value结构数据库(读写性能更高,适合短时间被大量访问的热点数据,例如新闻),MySQL通过数据文件存在磁盘。
官网:https://redis.io
中文网:https://www.redis.net.cn/
windows:https://github.com/microsoftarchive/redis/releases
Linux:https://download.redis.io/releases
解压之后的目录:
启动可以直接点击exe或者cmd启动,cmd启动时注意路径,cmd启动如下:
服务端:
客户端:
ctrl+c结束服务,exit退出客户端
redis服务默认连接是没有密码的,如果客户端想连接远程redis服务如下:
redis-cli.exe -h localhost(远程ip) -p 6379(远程端口)
没有密码是不安全的,所有通过修改配置文件来设置密码,更改之前先把服务关掉!
通过requirepass来指定密码foobared,把#号去掉密码即可生成。
客户端连接是没有用户名的,直接密码即可连接。再次启动redis服务,尝试客户端连接。
可见没有密码连接不上的,得加上密码
图形界面软件可以直接连接
key-value,其中key是字符串类型,value是五种常用数据类型。
redis和MySQL类似的点是不用区分大小写
Redis的Java客户端很多,常见以下几种:
spring Data Redis是spring的一部分,对Redis底层开发包进行高度封装。在spring项目中,可以使用spring Data Redis来简化操作。
package com.sky.config;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class RedisConfiguration {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory){
log.info("开始创建redis模板对象...");
RedisTemplate redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate();
//设置redis的连接工厂对象
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
//设置redis key的序列化器
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
return redisTemplate;
}
}
当前配置类不是必须的,因为 Spring Boot 框架会自动装配 RedisTemplate 对象,但是默认的key序列化器为JdkSerializationRedisSerializer,导致我们存到Redis中后的数据和原始数据有差别,故设置为StringRedisSerializer序列化器。没有序列化器,界面化操作看到的数据是乱码。
package com.sky.test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.DataType;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringDataRedisTest {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
@Test
public void testRedisTemplate(){
System.out.println(redisTemplate);
//string数据操作
ValueOperations valueOperations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
//hash类型的数据操作
HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
//list类型的数据操作
ListOperations listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
//set类型数据操作
SetOperations setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
//zset类型数据操作
ZSetOperations zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
}
/**
* 操作字符串类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testString(){
// set get setex setnx
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("name","小明");
String city = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("name");
System.out.println(city);
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("code","1234",3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent("lock","1");
redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent("lock","2");
}
/**
* 操作哈希类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testHash(){
//hset hget hdel hkeys hvals
HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
hashOperations.put("100","name","tom");
hashOperations.put("100","age","20");
String name = (String) hashOperations.get("100", "name");
System.out.println(name);
Set keys = hashOperations.keys("100");
System.out.println(keys);
List values = hashOperations.values("100");
System.out.println(values);
hashOperations.delete("100","age");
}
/**
* 操作列表类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testList(){
//lpush lrange rpop llen
ListOperations listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
listOperations.leftPushAll("mylist","a","b","c");
listOperations.leftPush("mylist","d");
List mylist = listOperations.range("mylist", 0, -1);
System.out.println(mylist);
listOperations.rightPop("mylist");
Long size = listOperations.size("mylist");
System.out.println(size);
}
/**
* 操作集合类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testSet(){
//sadd smembers scard sinter sunion srem
SetOperations setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
setOperations.add("set1","a","b","c","d");
setOperations.add("set2","a","b","x","y");
Set members = setOperations.members("set1");
System.out.println(members);
Long size = setOperations.size("set1");
System.out.println(size);
Set intersect = setOperations.intersect("set1", "set2");
System.out.println(intersect);
Set union = setOperations.union("set1", "set2");
System.out.println(union);
setOperations.remove("set1","a","b");
}
/**
* 操作有序集合类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testZset(){
//zadd zrange zincrby zrem
ZSetOperations zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
zSetOperations.add("zset1","a",10);
zSetOperations.add("zset1","b",12);
zSetOperations.add("zset1","c",9);
Set zset1 = zSetOperations.range("zset1", 0, -1);
System.out.println(zset1);
zSetOperations.incrementScore("zset1","c",10);
zSetOperations.remove("zset1","a","b");
}
/**
* 通用命令操作
*/
@Test
public void testCommon(){
//keys exists type del
Set keys = redisTemplate.keys("*");
System.out.println(keys);
Boolean name = redisTemplate.hasKey("name");
Boolean set1 = redisTemplate.hasKey("set1");
for (Object key : keys) {
DataType type = redisTemplate.type(key);
System.out.println(type.name());
}
redisTemplate.delete("mylist");
}
}