ASP.NET 将excel导入 sql server
public class ExcelToSQL
{
//string SqlConnectionString = "Server=(local);Initial Catalog=Test;Integrated Security=True";
public SqlConnection sqlcon = new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["链接字符串"].ConnectionString); //创建SQL连接
public SqlCommand sqlcom; //创建SQL命令对象
public ExcelToSQL()
{
if (sqlcon.State.ToString() == "Open")
sqlcon.Close();
}
public int[] ImportUser2Sql(string excelPath, string tableName,int enterpriseId) //导入的Excel的路径，数据库里的表名
{
int successedData=0;//成功数
int errorData=0;//失败数
int lgnore = 0;//忽略数
int[] result = new int[4];
if (!TableExist(tableName)) //表名是否存在
result[0]=(int)ImportState.tableNameError;
DataTable dt = ExcelToDataTable(excelPath);
if (dt == null)
{
result[0] = (int)ImportState.excelFormatError;
}
ArrayList tableField = GetTableField(tableName); //表格的列名称
string columnName = "Id,"; //Excel里的列名，增加一个ID列
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
columnName += dt.Columns[i].ColumnName + ",";
string currentColumn = dt.Columns[i].ToString().ToUpper(); //当前列名
for (int j = 0; j < tableField.Count; j++)
{
if (tableField[j].ToString().ToUpper() == dt.Columns[i].ToString().ToUpper())
break; //跳出本层和上一层循环，continue是跳出本层循环，如果用continue，会继续执行j++
//Excel里的字段必须在Sql中都有
if ((tableField[j].ToString().ToUpper() != dt.Columns[i].ToString().ToUpper()) && j == tableField.Count - 1)
result[0] = (int)ImportState.fieldMatchError;
}
}
int m = columnName.LastIndexOf(',');
columnName = columnName.Remove(m); //移除最后一个逗号
sqlcom = new SqlCommand();
sqlcom.Connection = sqlcon;
sqlcon.Open();
sqlcom.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
for (int h = 0; h < dt.Rows.Count; h++)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(dt.Rows[h][0].ToString().Trim()) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(dt.Rows[h][1].ToString().Trim()))
{
lgnore++;
}
else
{
string userInfor = "";
userInfor += "'" + dt.Rows[h][0].ToString().Trim() + "' ,'" + ASE.EncryptCode(dt.Rows[h][1].ToString().Trim()) + "'";
try
{
//string sql = "insert into " + tableName + "(" + columnName + ") values('" + value + "')"
string sql = "insert into [" + tableName + "] values(" + userInfor + ", '" + System.DateTime.Now + "', " + enterpriseId + " " + ")";//这里拼接SQL
sqlcom.CommandText = sql;
string sss = sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();
successedData++;
}
catch (Exception err)
{
string erroe = err.Message;
errorData++;
//return (int)ImportState.dataTypeError;
}
}
}
sqlcon.Close();
sqlcom.Dispose();
result[1] = successedData;
result[2] = errorData;
result[3] = lgnore;
return result;
}
public DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string excelPath) //把Excel里的数据转换为DataTable，并返回DataTable
{
string strCon = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + excelPath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;IMEX=1'";
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection Conn = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(strCon);
string strCom = "SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]";
DataTable dt;
try
{
Conn.Open();
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter(strCom, Conn);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
myCommand.Fill(ds, "[Sheet1$]");
Conn.Close();
dt = ds.Tables[0];
}
catch (Exception err)
{
return null;
}
return dt;
}
public bool TableExist(string tableName) //查看数据库里是否有此表名
{
sqlcom = new SqlCommand();
sqlcom.Connection = sqlcon;
sqlcom.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
try
{
sqlcon.Open();
string sql = "select name from sysobjects where type='u'";
sqlcom.CommandText = sql;
SqlDataReader sqldr = sqlcom.ExecuteReader();
while (sqldr.Read())
{
if (sqldr.GetString(0).ToUpper() == tableName.ToUpper())
return true;
}
}
catch { return false; }
finally
{
sqlcon.Close();
}
return false;
}
public ArrayList GetTableField(string tableName) //得到数据库某一个表中的所有字段
{
ArrayList al = new ArrayList();
sqlcom = new SqlCommand();
sqlcom.Connection = sqlcon;
sqlcom.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
try
{
sqlcon.Open();
string sql = "SELECT b.name FROM sysobjects a INNER JOIN syscolumns b ON a.id = b.id WHERE (a.name = '" + tableName + "')";
sqlcom.CommandText = sql;
SqlDataReader sqldr = sqlcom.ExecuteReader();
while (sqldr.Read())
{
al.Add(sqldr.GetString(0));
}
}
finally
{
sqlcon.Close();
}
return al; //返回的是表中的字段
}
public enum ImportState
{
right = 1, //成功
tableNameError = 2,//表名不存在
fieldMatchError = 3,//excel里的字段和数据库表里的字段不匹配
dataTypeError = 4, //转换数据类型时发生错误
excelFormatError = 5,//Excel格式不能读取
}
public void Alert(string str)
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<script language='javascript'>alert('" + str + "');</script>");
}
}
HTML文件代码：
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="路径"></asp:Label>
<asp:FileUpload ID="fileUpload" runat="server" Width="443px" /><br />
<asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="数据库表名称"></asp:Label>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtTableName" runat="server"></asp:TextBox><br />
<asp:Button ID="btnExport" runat="server" Text="导入到SQL" OnClick="btnExport_Click" />
</div>
</form>
C#代码：
ExcelToSQL ets = new ExcelToSQL();
//string filepath = Path.GetFileName(fileUpload.FileName);
//string fileName = fileUpload.PostedFile.FileName;
fileUpload.PostedFile.SaveAs(Server.MapPath("upfile") + "\\" + fileName);
string filepath = Server.MapPath("upfile") + "\\" + fileName;
if (filepath != "")
{
if (this.txtTableName.Text != "")
{
if (filepath.Contains("xls"))
{
int result = ets.ImportSql(fileName, this.txtTableName.Text, 1);
if (result == (int)Tool.ExcelToSQL.ImportState.tableNameError)
ets.Alert("此表名在数据中不存在！");
else if (result == (int)Tool.ExcelToSQL.ImportState.excelFormatError)
ets.Alert("Excel格式不能正确读取！");
else if (result == (int)Tool.ExcelToSQL.ImportState.fieldMatchError)
ets.Alert("Excel里的字段和Sql Server里的字段不匹配！");
else if (result == (int)Tool.ExcelToSQL.ImportState.dataTypeError)
ets.Alert("转换数据类型时发生错误!");
else if (result == (int)Tool.ExcelToSQL.ImportState.right)
{
ets.Alert("导入成功");
}
}
else ets.Alert("上传的文件类型必须为excel文件！");
}
else ets.Alert("表名不能为空！");
}
else ets.Alert("没有选择要上传的文件！");
这里需要注意的是ASP.NET 提供的FileUpload 控件，使用fileUpload.PostedFile.FileName方法得到的只能得到文件名（在IE中可以通过相应的权限设置获得完整路径，但是在其他浏览器都不行）。所以上面的代码是将excel文件首先放在服务器中的指定目录下，然后再在服务器中读取excel文件内容进行导入操作的。
代码是直接从我的项目代码中拷贝出来，需要的同学需要做稍微的调整。