Linux硬盘空间不足解决办法

一. 软链接目录法(建议)

• 通过ln -s {实际目录} {软链接目录}使用其他分区的存储空间，来避免/home目录下空间不足
• chown 切换目录权限

二. 重新分配空间法

参考链接

2.1 查看磁盘信息

• 查看磁盘使用情况，逻辑卷的挂载格式为/dev/mapper/VolumeGroupName-LogicalVolumeName

#df -h

文件系统                 				容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                 				3.3G     0  3.3G    0% /dev
tmpfs                   	 			3.3G   11M  3.3G    1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    				3.3G   13M  3.3G    1% /run
tmpfs                    				3.3G     0  3.3G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   				49G    11G   38G   23% /
/dev/sda1               			   1014M  185M  830M   19% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home   				 23G   19G  4.6G   81% /home
tmpfs                    				676M  4.0K  676M    1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                    				676M   28K  676M    1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sr0                 				4.4G  4.4G     0  100% /run/media/abc/CentOS 7 x86_64

• 查看磁盘文件系统

#cat /etc/fstab

/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=cd827c0c-5838-48fd-8013-81e4c8e3fc93 /boot      xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

• 查看逻辑卷组情况

#vgdisplay

  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  6
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <79.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              20223
  Alloc PE / Size       20053 / 78.33 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       170 / 680.00 MiB
  VG UUID               8Z8XEC-41tL-213t-LSaB-L3Cj-i62Y-bLsJtM

• 查看逻辑卷情况，默认三个，root、home和交换空间swap

# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                sDAdwy-U4md-l7IL-fszS-4dqk-AZ3s-SG5qjA
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2020-05-17 19:39:31 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                <48.46 GiB
  Current LE             12405
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

2.2 操作步骤

1. 备份当前信息

cd /
mkdir backup
mv /home/* /backup/
ls /home/

2. 卸载并重新分配

# 卸载/home
umount /home

# 释放/home目录所占的内存
lvremove /dev/centos/home

# 分配50G给home目录
lvcreate -L 50G -n home centos

# 在新建的逻辑卷home上建立xfs文件系统
mkfs -t xfs /dev/centos/home

3. 还原

mv /backup/* /home/

# 扩展root目录空间
lvextend -L +xxxG /dev/centos/root
xfs_growfs root

# 清除备份目录
rm -rf /backup