Oracle19c客户端静默安装,CentOS7.9静默安装Oracle19C软件

CentOS7.9静默安装Oracle19C软件

Oracle发布了支持的版本。可以看到了Oracle11gR2和Oracle12C。一直到2022年就不支持patch和服务。(感慨Oracle 11gR2的终结)

未来5年，主推Oracle19c。因此玩转一下Oracle19c，just for fun。

1.先决条件

1.0 一些前置条件

操作系统准备升级到7.9最新版本.命令如下:

硬盘u01:500GB,内存:16GB,CPU逻辑核数:16C

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y update

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

1.1 安装所需软件包

yum install -y binutils*

yum install -y compat-libcap1*

yum install -y compat-libstdc++*

yum install -y elfutils-libelf* elfutils-libelf-devel*

yum install -y glibc* glibc-devel*

yum install -y gcc*

yum install -y gcc-c++*

yum install -y libaio* libaio-devel*

yum install -y libgcc*

yum install -y libstdc++ libstdc++-devel*

yum install -y ksh*

yum install -y libXp* libXp-devel*

yum install -y libxt* libxt-devel*

yum install -y make*

yum install -y sysstat*

yum install -y unixODBC*

yum install -y unixODBC-devel*

yum install -y smartmontools

1.2 建立用户

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

groupadd oper

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

1.3 创建目录

mkdir -p /u01/software

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/dbhome_1

赋予权限

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/software

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

设置oraarp用户密码

# passwd oracle

1.4 修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件

fs.suid_dumpable = 1

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 8388608

kernel.shmmax = 68719476735

kernel.shmmni = 4096

# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default=262144

net.core.rmem_max=4194304

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_max=1048586

要使 /etc/sysctl.conf 更改立即生效，执行以下命令

/sbin/sysctl -p

1.5 修改limits.conf文件

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 16384

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 4096

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

1.6 设置oracle用户的环境变量

#su - oracle

$vi .bash_profile

增加如下几行：

# added by oracle

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_SID=oradb

export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"

export NLS_LANG="american_AMERICA.UTF8"

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/usr/X11R6/lib64/

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

2.解压文件

解压Oracle 19c安装介质文件。

注意:这次安装介质需要放置在ORACLE_HOME的目录中

[root@localhost software]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/dbhome_1/

[root@localhost dbhome_1]# chown -R oracle.oinstall LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip

[root@localhost dbhome_1]# su - oracle

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME

[oracle@localhost ~]$ unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip

3.静默方法下安装Oracle 19c

/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/dbhome_1/runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq \

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19_3 \

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/dbhome_1 \

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \

oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \

oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper \

oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=oper \

oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=oper \

oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=oper \

oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=oper \

oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true \

oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT

这里牵扯到了19C的新特性,通过root.sh脚本自动安装Oracle19c.核心命令为:

oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT

4.静默安装dbca安装数据库

dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE \

-gdbname oradb -sid oradb \

-createAsContainerDatabase TRUE \

-numberOfPDBs 1 \

-pdbName hrpdb \

-pdbAdminPassword hrpdb \

-sysPassword hrpdb -systemPassword hrpdb \

-datafileDestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata' \

-recoveryAreaDestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' \

-redoLogFileSize 256 \

-storageType FS \

-characterset AL32UTF8 -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 \

-sampleSchema true \

-totalMemory 2048 \

-databaseType OLTP \

-emConfiguration NONE

这里会创建CDB和一个PDB.

CDB(container database,容器库)从12c版本开始，Oracle数据库只能有两种形式：non-CDB or CDB。12c之前创建的数据库都是Non-cdb的。

PDB(Pluggable database,插拔库),有属于自己的system、sysaux、undo、temp表空间.

安装上述配置默认安装完之后,会有一个ROOT容器(CDB\(ROOT),一个种子容器(PDB的模板，PDB\)SEED),一个PDB(hrpdb).

dbca执行的安装过程

会报出一些warning,因为密码设置太简单了,可以忽略.

Prepare for db operation

8% complete

Copying database files

31% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

32% complete

36% complete

40% complete

43% complete

46% complete

Completing Database Creation

51% complete

53% complete

54% complete

Creating Pluggable Databases

58% complete

77% complete

Executing Post Configuration Actions

100% complete

Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:

/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/oradb.

Database Information:

Global Database Name:oradb

System Identifier(SID):oradb

Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/oradb/oradb.log" for further details.

5.查看Oracle安装状态和是否为CDB.

SQL> select BANNER_FULL from v$version;

BANNER_FULL

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production

Version 19.3.0.0.0

##确定是否为CDB

SQL> SELECT NAME, CDB, CON_ID FROM V$DATABASE;

NAME CDB CON_ID

--------------------------- --------- ----------

ORADB YES 0

##查看pdb的情况.

SQL> show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO

3 HRPDB READ WRITE NO

至此,可以开始enjoy oracle 19c.