New words and expression 生词和短语
double /'dʌb(ə)l/
twice as big, twice as much, or twice as manydouble the amount/number/size etc
001)Double Charms was succeeded by double Transfiguration.
两节魔咒课后面接着是两节变形课。
- Look at that. This place is for double cappuccinos, not double strollers.
你看看，这是喝咖啡的地方 不是带小孩的地方。
003)A double standard is defined as anti-Semitism.
反犹太就是双标
004)And you go on a double date.
你要进行一个double date。
005)Let's go back and double check this.
让我们回过头检查一下。
006)Because I wear double zero, you twerp.
我就要穿小号的 笨蛋！
Manual/ mænjuəl / SYN blue-collarmanual job/labour/worker etc
Manual work is work in which you use your hands or your physical strength rather than your mind. 人力的;体力的；手工的
001)Well? -Let's get your manual out. -l don't have a manual!
把使用手册拿出来！
002)In fact, it was always done manual.
实际上, 几乎都是通过人工去计算的.
003)Manual workers often earn more than office workers.
劳力工人通常比坐办公桌的人赚的多。
004)Lotso switched Buzz to demo mode.Where’s that manual?
抱抱熊把巴斯回设成了演示模式手册在哪儿?
- Everybody, keep manually bagging your patients.
大家继续手动给病人通气。
Collar/ kɒləʳ/
The collar of a shirt or coat is the part which fits round the neck and is usually folded over. 衣领;领子
See also:blue-collar dog-collar white-collar
001)Uh, that is just a new collar.
那就是条新项圈。
002)Remove her collar before you bury her.
埋她之前先把项圈拿掉。
- Solidly built, physically imposing, maybe blue collar.
身体强壮 给人深刻印象 可能是蓝领。 - You tried calling the number on the collar?
是否照狗脖子上项圈的电话号码打过电话了? - But we're talking flea collars and milk bones.
这女孩是头猪。
sacrifice /'sækrɪfaɪs/
If you sacrifice something that is valuable or important, you give it up, usually to obtain something else for yourself or for other people. 牺牲;舍弃;献出
- It takes gestation, incubation, sacrifice... a lot of sacrifice.
需要孕育 生育 还要牺牲 很多牺牲 - I mean, i made sacrifices. - I'm willing to make sacrifices. -
我做出了牺牲 - 我愿意做出牺牲啊 - Meanwhile, we'll make some sacrifices around here.
同时 我们得做点儿牺牲。 - We don't like sacrifice goats or anything.
我们可不会用羊来献祭还是别的什么。 - That must have been a real sacrifice.
您一定做出很大牺牲。
privilege /'prɪvɪlɪdʒ/
A privilege is a special right or advantage that only one person or group has. 特权，优惠
- Should the world's most privileged people learn about the lives of the world's least privileged?
那些世界上过着最优越生活的人们，有没有从那些最困难的人们身上学到东西？ - With privileges, from the sound of it.
听起来好像就你有特权。 - And you want that privilege for yourself.
你自己也想那样。 - And you haven't earned the privilege yet.
你还不够级别。 - He'll claim it's privileged, part of negotiations.
他会申请特许保护 因为这是谈判的一部分。
status /'steɪtəs/
Your status is your social or professional position. 社会地位;专业资格;职位
- What else? - Status is status quo on my end.
有别的事吗 -关于我这边的情况 - When your status changes initially, I think.
我想会有，在你的处境发生变化之初 - What is your job and relationship status?
你目前的工作如何，跟伴侣的关系如何？ - Regarding the status of my liquor license.
我想问问贩酒执照办的怎么样了。 - Got to check the status in there.
我们得看一下里面的情况。
rise /raɪz/
A rise in the amount of something is an increase in it. (数量的)上升，增长，上涨
- Oil prices are rising.= Oil prices are on the rise.
油价上扬中。 - Will the sun rise where it sets and set where it rises?
太阳会西升东落吗? - The sun rises early and sets late.
太阳升得早而落得晚。 - Rise and shine, Todd. - I didn't sleep.
太阳晒屁股了 陶德 -我根本没睡。 - Like a phoenix rising from the ashes.
像是浴火重生的凤凰。 - The sun has risen above the horizon.
太阳已从地平线升起。
Text 课文
Why did Alf want a white-collar job?
These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who
work in offices.
people who do manual work = blue-collar workers
people who do mental work = white-collar workers = people who work in offices
for more money（far副词用来加强语气= much）
People who work in offices are frequently referred to as "white-collar workers' for the
simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.
refer to...as = regard...as 把...看作为
-- I always refer to him as bookworm（n.书呆子）
for the simple reason = for 引导的原因状语从句
for the reason that多用于正式文体，because多用于口语中。
-- He is refer to as a book worm for the simple reason that he spare no efforts reading.
-- He was send to prison for he could not pay his debts.
Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for
the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.
human nature 人性
such...that... （that引导同位语从句, 进一步补充说明such的基本内涵）
-- His kindness was such that we will never forget him.
= Such was his kindness that… （such在句首要倒装）
= He was so kind that we will never forget him.
-- Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.
介词for表示一种目的
be willing to do sth = be ready to do sth 心甘情愿做
This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as
a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.
give rise to =（lead to v.导致, 通向）（cause vt.引起, 惹起）（result in v.导致）
-- Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 这种行为会引起误解。
-- The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes. 不良的环境引起了犯罪。
in the case of 就...来说, 关于, 就...而言 （= concerning prep.关于, 涉及, 就...说）
-- Stealing is no shame in the case of him. 偷窃对他来说不是一件可耻的事。
in case of（副词）万一, 以防 （in case conj.万一）
-- You should ensure your house in case of fire. （ensure vt.保证; 担保, 保险）
-- Take umbrella in case of rain 带上雨伞以防下雨。
who引导定语从句
When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.
too embarrassed to say 太尴尬而没有说明
be ashamed of 感到羞愧, 惭愧
-- Alf was ashamed of his job as a dustman.
marry 强调动作 （-- He married the girl. 他娶了这个女孩。）
get married 强调过程（-- Last year they got married.）
be married to sb 强调状态（-- The old man has been married to his wife for 50 years.）
He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.
Simply 副词--用来修饰限定动词told
Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit.
dressed in a smart black suit --形容词短语表示一种状态 打方框代表有问题
-- He go to work dressed in a beautiful coat.
-- He left home wearing a smart black suit.
He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.
changed into 换上 / change back into 换回
Before returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit.
Before returning home = Before he returned home
Before和动名词搭配, 相当于Before引导的时间状语从句。
如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语
-- After getting home, he had a good rest.
-- Before having dinner, he finished all his homework.
Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret.
Alf's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf
has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office.
she never will = she will never discover the secret
在省略句式中, never要放在助动词之前
-- “will you go to see her?”
-- “I will never to to see her" = "No, I never will."
He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well
worth the loss of money.
half as much as
half / a quarter / twice / three times + as...as... 表示倍数
-- I won't marry a man who is twice as old as me.
-- We got three times as many people as we expected.
-- This room is about three times as large as that one.
是...的几倍：...as +形容词或副词原形+ as...
比...多几倍：...times +形容词或副词比较级+ than…
-- This road is four times longer than that one. = This road is five times as long as that one.
What he obtained is well worth the loss of time. 他的所得是值得花时间的。
well 副词用来加强语气, 修饰形容词worth
From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'.
Special difficulties 难点
impossibility n.不可能之事, 不可能
grant vt.同意, 准予
A. 两类词汇：
1>tell, give等动词可以和双宾语搭配（指物的直接宾语，指人的间接宾语）
-- He told a story to me. = He told me a story .
2>explain, say等动词只能代一个(直接)宾语, 在间接宾语前要用介词to
-- He explain the difficult to me. / He said nothing to me.
-- She speaks English to her husband and Swedish to her children.
-- He admitted his guilt to the police.（guilt n.罪行, 内疚）
-- Did you suggest this idea to him?
当直接宾语比较长或者是个从句时, 通常放在间接宾语之后（但say除外）
-- I explained to him the impossibility of granting his request.
= I explained the impossibility of granting his request to him.
-- He confessed to me that he had fallen asleep during the meeting.
= He confessed that he had fallen asleep during the meeting to me.
confide vt., vi.
1> 倾诉（与in连用）
-- Jone felt she could only confide in her mother. 琼觉得她只有向她妈妈倾吐心中的秘密。
2> 吐露 (心事、秘密等), 与to连用
-- One evening he came and confided to me that he had spent five years in prison.
有一天晚上他到我家来向我吐露他曾坐过五年牢。
B.“Worth"后面只能跟名词或动名词
-- His suggestion is worth considering.
-- His rise in status is worth the loss of money.