python tkinter写日期选择器

最近在做一个车牌管理系统，其中一个功能想增加一个不同日期的车辆统计，比如说，2022.5.4~2022.5.6存入的车辆数量，计划去增加一个日期选择，就去研究了怎么去设计一个日期选择器。

首先网上找到了一个现成的Calendar类，类参考来自如下网址，基本无改动，文件命名为Calendar.py

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45335059/article/details/118024739

import datetime
import calendar


import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import StringVar, ttk

import tkinter.font as tkFont

datetime = calendar.datetime.datetime
timedelta = calendar.datetime.timedelta


class Calendar:
    def __init__(self, point = None):
        # self.root = root

        self.master = tk.Toplevel()
        self.master.withdraw()
        self.master.attributes('-topmost' ,True)
        fwday = calendar.SUNDAY
        year = datetime.now().year
        month = datetime.now().month
        locale = None
        sel_bg = '#ecffc4'
        sel_fg = '#05640e'
        self._date = datetime(year, month, 1)        #每月第一日
        self._selection = None                       #设置为未选中日期
        self.G_Frame = ttk.Frame(self.master)
        self._cal = self.__get_calendar(locale, fwday)
        self.__setup_styles()        # 创建自定义样式
        self.__place_widgets()       # pack/grid 小部件
        self.__config_calendar()     # 调整日历列和安装标记
        # 配置画布和正确的绑定，以选择日期。
        self.__setup_selection(sel_bg, sel_fg)
        # 存储项ID，用于稍后插入。
        self._items = [self._calendar.insert('', 'end', values='') for _ in range(6)]
        # 在当前空日历中插入日期
        self._update()
        self.G_Frame.pack(expand = 1, fill = 'both')
        self.master.overrideredirect(1)
        self.master.update_idletasks()
        width, height = self.master.winfo_reqwidth(), self.master.winfo_reqheight()
        self.height=height
        if point:
            x, y = point[0], point[1]
        else: 
            x, y = (self.master.winfo_screenwidth() - width)/2, (self.master.winfo_screenheight() - height)/2
        self.master.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (width, height, x, y)) #窗口位置居中
        self.master.after(300, self._main_judge)
        self.master.deiconify()
        self.master.focus_set()
        # self.master.mainloop()
        self.master.wait_window() #这里应该使用wait_window挂起窗口，如果使用mainloop,可能会导致主程序很多错误

    def __get_calendar(self, locale, fwday):
        if locale is None:
            return calendar.TextCalendar(fwday)
        else:
            return calendar.LocaleTextCalendar(fwday, locale)

    def __setitem__(self, item, value):
        if item in ('year', 'month'):
            raise AttributeError("attribute '%s' is not writeable" % item)
        elif item == 'selectbackground':
            self._canvas['background'] = value
        elif item == 'selectforeground':
            self._canvas.itemconfigure(self._canvas.text, item=value)
        else:
            self.G_Frame.__setitem__(self, item, value)

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        if item in ('year', 'month'):
            return getattr(self._date, item)
        elif item == 'selectbackground':
            return self._canvas['background']
        elif item == 'selectforeground':
            return self._canvas.itemcget(self._canvas.text, 'fill')
        else:
            r = ttk.tclobjs_to_py({item: ttk.Frame.__getitem__(self, item)})
            return r[item]

    def __setup_styles(self):
        # 自定义TTK风格
        style = ttk.Style(self.master)
        arrow_layout = lambda dir: (
          [('Button.focus', {'children': [('Button.%sarrow' % dir, None)]})]
        )
        style.layout('L.TButton', arrow_layout('left'))
        style.layout('R.TButton', arrow_layout('right'))

    def __place_widgets(self):
        # 标头框架及其小部件
        Input_judgment_num = self.master.register(self.Input_judgment) # 需要将函数包装一下，必要的
        hframe = ttk.Frame(self.G_Frame)
        gframe = ttk.Frame(self.G_Frame)
        bframe = ttk.Frame(self.G_Frame)
        xframe = ttk.Frame(self.G_Frame)
        hframe.pack(in_=self.G_Frame, side='top', pady=5, anchor='center')
        gframe.pack(in_=self.G_Frame, fill=tk.X, pady=5)
        bframe.pack(in_=self.G_Frame, pady=5)
        xframe.pack(in_=self.G_Frame, side='bottom', pady=5)
        
        lbtn = ttk.Button(hframe, style='L.TButton', command=self._prev_month)
        lbtn.grid(in_=hframe, column=0, row=0, padx=5)
        rbtn = ttk.Button(hframe, style='R.TButton', command=self._next_month)
        rbtn.grid(in_=hframe, column=5, row=0, padx=5)
        #年下拉框
        self.CB_year = ttk.Combobox(hframe, width = 5, values = [str(year) for year in range(datetime.now().year, datetime.now().year-11,-1)], validate = 'key', validatecommand = (Input_judgment_num, '%P'))
        self.CB_year.current(0)
        self.CB_year.grid(in_=hframe, column=1, row=0)
        self.CB_year.bind('', lambda event:self._update(event, True))
        self.CB_year.bind("<>", self._update)
        tk.Label(hframe, text = '年', justify = 'left').grid(in_=hframe, column=2, row=0, padx=(0,5))
         #月下拉框
        self.CB_month = ttk.Combobox(hframe, width = 3, values = ['%02d' % month for month in range(1,13)], state = 'readonly')
        self.CB_month.current(datetime.now().month - 1)
        self.CB_month.grid(in_=hframe, column=3, row=0)
        self.CB_month.bind("<>", self._update)
        tk.Label(hframe, text = '月', justify = 'left').grid(in_=hframe, column=4, row=0)
        # 日历部件
        self._calendar = ttk.Treeview(gframe, show='', selectmode='none', height=7)
        self._calendar.pack(expand=1, fill='both', side='bottom', padx=5)
        #时下拉框
        self.CB_hour = ttk.Combobox(bframe, width = 3, values = ['%02d' % hour for hour in range(0,24)], validate = 'key', validatecommand = (Input_judgment_num, '%P'))
        self.CB_hour.current(0)
        self.CB_hour.grid(in_=bframe, column=0, row=0)
        self.CB_hour.bind('', lambda event:self._update(event, True))
        self.CB_hour.bind("<>", self._update)
        tk.Label(bframe, text = '时').grid( in_=bframe,column=1, row=0, padx=(0,5))
        #分下拉框
        self.CB_mins = ttk.Combobox(bframe, width = 3, values = ['%02d' % mins for mins in range(0,60)], validate = 'key', validatecommand = (Input_judgment_num, '%P'))
        self.CB_mins.current(0)
        self.CB_mins.grid(in_=bframe, column=2, row=0)
        self.CB_mins.bind('', lambda event:self._update(event, True))
        self.CB_mins.bind("<>", self._update)
        tk.Label(bframe, text = '分').grid(column=3, row=0)
        #秒下拉框
        self.CB_seconds = ttk.Combobox(bframe, width = 3, values = ['%02d' % secds for secds in range(0,60)], validate = 'key', validatecommand = (Input_judgment_num, '%P'))
        self.CB_seconds.current(0)
        self.CB_seconds.grid(in_=bframe, column=4, row=0)
        self.CB_seconds.bind('', lambda event:self._update(event, True))
        self.CB_seconds.bind("<>", self._update)
        tk.Label(bframe, text = '秒',justify = 'left').grid(column=5, row=0)

        ttk.Button(xframe, text = "确 定", width = 6, command = lambda: self._exit(True)).grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = 'ns', padx = 20)
        ttk.Button(xframe, text = "取 消", width = 6, command = self._exit).grid(row = 1, column = 4, sticky = 'ne', padx = 20)   
        tk.Frame(self.G_Frame, bg = '#565656').place(x = 0, y = 0, relx = 0, rely = 0, relwidth = 1, relheigh = 2/200)
        tk.Frame(self.G_Frame, bg = '#565656').place(x = 0, y = 0, relx = 0, rely = 198/200, relwidth = 1, relheigh = 2/200)
        tk.Frame(self.G_Frame, bg = '#565656').place(x = 0, y = 0, relx = 0, rely = 0, relwidth = 2/200, relheigh = 1)
        tk.Frame(self.G_Frame, bg = '#565656').place(x = 0, y = 0, relx = 198/200, rely = 0, relwidth = 2/200, relheigh = 1)

    def __config_calendar(self):
        # cols = self._cal.formatweekheader(3).split()
        cols = ['日','一','二','三','四','五','六']
        self._calendar['columns'] = cols
        self._calendar.tag_configure('header', background='grey90')
        self._calendar.insert('', 'end', values=cols, tag='header')
        # 调整其列宽
        font = tkFont.Font()
        maxwidth = max(font.measure(col) for col in cols)
        for col in cols:
          self._calendar.column(col, width=maxwidth, minwidth=maxwidth,
            anchor='center')

    def __setup_selection(self, sel_bg, sel_fg):
        def __canvas_forget(evt):
            canvas.place_forget()
            self._selection = None

        self._font = tkFont.Font()
        self._canvas = canvas = tk.Canvas(self._calendar, background=sel_bg, borderwidth=0, highlightthickness=0)
        canvas.text = canvas.create_text(0, 0, fill=sel_fg, anchor='w')
        canvas.bind('', __canvas_forget)
        self._calendar.bind('', __canvas_forget)
        self._calendar.bind('', self._pressed)

    def _build_calendar(self):
        year, month = self._date.year, self._date.month
        header = self._cal.formatmonthname(year, month, 0)
        # 更新日历显示的日期
        cal = self._cal.monthdayscalendar(year, month)
        for indx, item in enumerate(self._items):
            week = cal[indx] if indx < len(cal) else []
            fmt_week = [('%02d' % day) if day else '' for day in week]
            self._calendar.item(item, values=fmt_week)

    def _show_select(self, text, bbox):
        x, y, width, height = bbox
        textw = self._font.measure(text)
        canvas = self._canvas
        canvas.configure(width = width, height = height)
        canvas.coords(canvas.text, (width - textw)/2, height / 2 - 1)
        canvas.itemconfigure(canvas.text, text=text)
        canvas.place(in_=self._calendar, x=x, y=y)

    def _pressed(self, evt = None, item = None, column = None, widget = None):
        """在日历的某个地方点击。"""
        if not item:
            x, y, widget = evt.x, evt.y, evt.widget
            item = widget.identify_row(y)
            column = widget.identify_column(x)
        if not column or not item in self._items:
          # 在工作日行中单击或仅在列外单击。
            return
        item_values = widget.item(item)['values']
        if not len(item_values): # 这个月的行是空的。
            return 
        text = item_values[int(column[1]) - 1]
        if not text: 
            return 
        bbox = widget.bbox(item, column)
        if not bbox: # 日历尚不可见
            self.master.after(20, lambda : self._pressed(item = item, column = column, widget = widget))
            return
        text = '%02d' % text  #日
        self._selection = (text, item, column)
        self._show_select(text, bbox)

    def _prev_month(self):
        """更新日历以显示前一个月。"""
        self._canvas.place_forget()
        self._selection = None
        self._date = self._date - timedelta(days=1)
        self._date = datetime(self._date.year, self._date.month, 1)
        self.CB_year.set(self._date.year)
        self.CB_month.set(self._date.month)
        self._update()

    def _next_month(self):
        """更新日历以显示下一个月。"""
        self._canvas.place_forget()
        self._selection = None

        year, month = self._date.year, self._date.month
        self._date = self._date + timedelta(
          days=calendar.monthrange(year, month)[1] + 1)
        self._date = datetime(self._date.year, self._date.month, 1)
        self.CB_year.set(self._date.year)
        self.CB_month.set(self._date.month)
        self._update()

    def _update(self, event = None, key = None):
        """刷新界面"""
        if key and event.keysym != 'Return': return
        year = int(self.CB_year.get())
        month = int(self.CB_month.get())
        hour = int(self.CB_hour.get())
        mins = int(self.CB_mins.get())
        seconds = int(self.CB_seconds.get())
        if year == 0 or year > 9999: return
        self._canvas.place_forget()
        self._date = datetime(year, month, 1,hour,mins,seconds)
        self._build_calendar() # 重建日历
        if year == datetime.now().year and month == datetime.now().month:
            day = datetime.now().day
            for _item, day_list in enumerate(self._cal.monthdayscalendar(year, month)):
                if day in day_list:
                    item = 'I00' + str(_item + 2)
                    column = '#' + str(day_list.index(day)+1)
                    self.master.after(100, lambda :self._pressed(item = item, column = column, widget = self._calendar))

    def _exit(self, confirm = False):
        if not confirm: self._selection = None
        self.master.destroy()

    def _main_judge(self):
        """判断窗口是否在最顶层"""
        try:
            if self.master.focus_displayof() == None or 'toplevel' not in str(self.master.focus_displayof()): self._exit()
            else: self.master.after(10, self._main_judge)
        except:
            self.master.after(10, self._main_judge)

    def selection(self):
        """返回表示当前选定日期的日期时间。"""
        
        if not self._selection: 
            return None
        year, month = self._date.year, self._date.month
        print(year)
        hour=self._date.hour
        mins = self._date.minute
        seconds = self._date.second
        return str(datetime(year, month, int(self._selection[0]),hour,mins,seconds))

    def Input_judgment(self, content):
        """输入判断"""
        if content.isdigit() or content == "":
            return True
        else:
            return False

只是把这个最后一个获取日期的函数，放到了自己重新写的一个类里面。

自己写了一个类，文件命名，demo.py 。里面设计了一个简单的gui去调用这个类，去测试效果，程序如下：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import StringVar, ttk
from Calendar import Calendar



class MainPage:
    def __init__(self,master:tk.Tk):
        self.root = master
        self.root.title('车牌管理系统 V0.0.1')
        self.root.geometry('200x300')
        self.start_date = StringVar()
        self.end_date = StringVar()
        # frame1 = tk.Frame(self.root)
        
        self.create_page()

    def create_page(self):

        # frame =tk.Frame(self.root)

        tk.Button(self.root,width=15,text='开始日期',command=lambda:self.getdate('start')).grid(row=1,column=1,pady=10)#
        tk.Entry(self.root,textvariable=self.start_date).grid(row=2,column=1,pady=10)

        tk.Button(self.root,width=15,text='结束日期',command=lambda:self.getdate('end')).grid(row=3,column=1,pady=10)#
        tk.Entry(self.root,textvariable=self.end_date).grid(row=4,column=1,pady=10)



    def getdate(self,type):	#获取选择的日期
        print("按下一次按钮")
        for date in [Calendar().selection()]:
            if date:
                if(type=='start'):	#如果是开始按钮，就赋值给开始日期
                    print(1)
                    self.start_date.set(date)
                    
                elif(type=='end'):
                    self.end_date.set(date) 
                    print(1)


if __name__ =='__main__':

    root = tk.Tk() 
    MainPage(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

最终运行效果为：