【动态规划】【广度优先搜索】LeetCode:2617 网格图中最少访问的格子数
单调栈 区间合并
给定一个仅包含 0 和 1 、大小为 rows x cols 的二维二进制矩阵,找出只包含 1 的最大矩形,并返回其面积。
示例 1:
输入:matrix = [[“1”,“0”,“1”,“0”,“0”],[“1”,“0”,“1”,“1”,“1”],[“1”,“1”,“1”,“1”,“1”],[“1”,“0”,“0”,“1”,“0”]]
输出:6
解释:最大矩形如上图所示。
示例 2:
输入:matrix = [[“0”]]
输出:0
示例 3:
输入:matrix = [[“1”]]
输出:1
参数范围:
rows == matrix.length
cols == matrix[0].length
1 <= row, cols <= 200
matrix[i][j] 为 ‘0’ 或 ‘1’
时间复杂度O(n2m)。枚举矩形的left和right,时间复杂度o(n^2)。指定left,right,计算连续1的数量大于等于width的行数,时间复杂度O(m)。
class Solution {
public:
int maximalRectangle(vector<vector<char>>& matrix) {
m_r = matrix.size();
m_c = matrix.front().size();
vector<vector<int>> vRightLen(m_r, vector<int>(m_c));
for (int r = 0; r < m_r; r++)
{
for (int c = m_c - 1; c >= 0; c--)
{
if ('1' == matrix[r][c])
{
vRightLen[r][c] = 1 + ((m_c - 1 == c) ? 0 : vRightLen[r][c + 1]);
}
}
}
int iRet = 0;
for (int left = 0; left < m_c; left++)
{
for (int right = left; right < m_c; right++)
{
const int width = right - left + 1;
int height = 0;
for (int r = 0; r < m_r; r++)
{
if (vRightLen[r][left] < width)
{
iRet = max(iRet, height * width);
height = 0;
}
else
{
height++;
}
}
iRet = max(iRet, height * width);
}
}
return iRet;
}
int m_r, m_c;
};
template<class T>
void Assert(const vector<T>& v1, const vector<T>& v2)
{
if (v1.size() != v2.size())
{
assert(false);
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < v1.size(); i++)
{
assert(v1[i] == v2[i]);
}
}
template<class T>
void Assert(const T& t1, const T& t2)
{
assert(t1 == t2);
}
int main()
{
vector<vector<char>> matrix;
int r;
{
Solution slu;
matrix = { {'1','0','1','0','0'},{'1','0','1','1','1'},{'1','1','1','1','1'},{'1','0','0','1','0'} };
auto res = slu.maximalRectangle(matrix);
Assert(6, res);
}
{
Solution slu;
matrix = { {'0'} };
auto res = slu.maximalRectangle(matrix);
Assert(0, res);
}
{
Solution slu;
matrix = { {'1'} };
auto res = slu.maximalRectangle(matrix);
Assert(1, res);
}
{
Solution slu;
matrix = { {'1','1'}};
auto res = slu.maximalRectangle(matrix);
Assert(2, res);
}
{
Solution slu;
matrix = { {'1'},{'1' } };
auto res = slu.maximalRectangle(matrix);
Assert(2, res);
}
}
枚举底部,本题就可以转化成柱形图的最大矩形
class Solution {
public:
int maximalRectangle(vector<vector<char>>& matrix) {
m_c = matrix.front().size();
vector<int> vHeights(m_c);
int iRet = 0;
for (int r = 0; r < matrix.size(); r++)
{
for (int c = m_c - 1; c >= 0; c--)
{
if ('1' == matrix[r][c])
{
vHeights[c] +=1 ;
}
else
{
vHeights[c] = 0 ;
}
}
iRet = max(iRet, largestRectangleArea(vHeights));
}
return iRet;
}
int largestRectangleArea(vector<int>& heights) {
m_c = heights.size();
vector<pair<int, int>> vLeftHeightIndex;
vector<int> vLeftFirstLess(m_c, -1), vRightFirstMoreEqual(m_c, m_c);//别忘记初始化
for (int i = 0; i < m_c; i++)
{
while (vLeftHeightIndex.size() && (heights[i] <= vLeftHeightIndex.back().first))
{
vRightFirstMoreEqual[vLeftHeightIndex.back().second] = i;
vLeftHeightIndex.pop_back();
}
if (vLeftHeightIndex.size())
{
vLeftFirstLess[i] = vLeftHeightIndex.back().second;
}
vLeftHeightIndex.emplace_back(heights[i], i);
}
int iRet = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < m_c; i++)
{
iRet = max(iRet, heights[i] * (vRightFirstMoreEqual[i] - vLeftFirstLess[i] - 1));
}
return iRet;
}
int m_c;
};
class Solution {
public:
int maximalRectangle(vector<vector<char>>& matrix) {
m_r = matrix.size();
m_c = matrix[0].size();
vector<vector<int>> leftNums;
leftNums.assign(m_r, vector<int>(m_c));
for (int r = 0; r < m_r; r++)
{
for (int c = 0; c < m_c; c++)
{
if ('0' == matrix[r][c])
{
leftNums[r][c] = 0;
}
else
{
leftNums[r][c] = 1 + ((c > 0) ? leftNums[r][c - 1] : 0);
}
}
}
for (int c = 0; c < m_c; c++)
{
stack<pair<int, int>> sta;
for (int r = 0; r < m_r; r++)
{
int iMinR = r;
while (sta.size() && (sta.top().first > leftNums[r][c]))
{
PopStack(sta, iMinR, r);
}
if (sta.empty() || (sta.top().first < leftNums[r][c]))
{
sta.emplace(leftNums[r][c], iMinR);
}
}
while (sta.size())
{
int iMinR = m_r;
PopStack(sta, iMinR, m_r);
}
}
return m_iMaxArea;
}
void PopStack(stack<pair<int, int>>& sta,int& iMinRow,int r )
{
int iWidth = sta.top().first;
iMinRow = sta.top().second;
sta.pop();
m_iMaxArea = max(m_iMaxArea, iWidth*(r - 1 - iMinRow + 1));
}
int m_r, m_c;
int m_iMaxArea = 0;
};
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操作系统:win7 开发环境: VS2019 C++17
或者 操作系统:win10 开发环境: VS2022 C++17
如无特殊说明,本算法用**C++**实现。