redis的搭建及应用(三)-Redis主从配置
Redis主从配置
为提升Redis的高可用性，需要搭建多个Redis集群以保证高可用性。常见搭建方式有：主从，哨兵集群等，本节我们搭建一主二从的多Redis架构。
redis主从安装1主2从的方式配置，以端口号为redis的主从文件夹。
主(master): 6379
从(slave): 6380, 6381
redis主服务器(master:6379)
使用vim工具打开配置文件，修改里面的内容。
NETWORK模块
################################## NETWORK #####################################
47
48 # By default, if no "bind" configuration directive is specified, Redis listens
49 # for connections from all available network interfaces on the host machine.
50 # It is possible to listen to just one or multiple selected interfaces using
51 # the "bind" configuration directive, followed by one or more IP addresses.
52 # Each address can be prefixed by "-", which means that redis will not fail to
53 # start if the address is not available. Being not available only refers to
54 # addresses that does not correspond to any network interfece. Addresses that
55 # are already in use will always fail, and unsupported protocols will always BE
48 # By default, if no "bind" configuration directive is specified, Redis listens
49 # for connections from all available network interfaces on the host machine.
50 # It is possible to listen to just one or multiple selected interfaces using
51 # the "bind" configuration directive, followed by one or more IP addresses.
52 # Each address can be prefixed by "-", which means that redis will not fail to
53 # start if the address is not available. Being not available only refers to
54 # addresses that does not correspond to any network interfece. Addresses that
55 # are already in use will always fail, and unsupported protocols will always BE
56 # silently skipped.
57 #
58 # Examples:
59 #
60 # bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1 # listens on two specific IPv4 addresses
61 # bind 127.0.0.1 ::1 # listens on loopback IPv4 and IPv6
62 # bind * -::* # like the default, all available interfaces
63 #
64 # ~~~ WARNING ~~~ If the computer running Redis is directly exposed to the
65 # internet, binding to all the interfaces is dangerous and will expose the
66 # instance to everybody on the internet. So by default we uncomment the
67 # following bind directive, that will force Redis to listen only on the
68 # IPv4 and IPv6 (if available) loopback interface addresses (this means Redis
69 # will only be able to accept client connections from the same host that it is
70 # running on).
71 #
72 # IF YOU ARE SURE YOU WANT YOUR INSTANCE TO LISTEN TO ALL THE INTERFACES
73 # JUST COMMENT OUT THE FOLLOWING LINE.
74 # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
75 bind 127.0.0.1 -::1
修改ip绑定地址为全网可访问。
bind *0.0.0.0 全网可访问
75 bind 0.0.0.0
protected-mode
77 # Protected mode is a layer of security protection, in order to avoid that
78 # Redis instances left open on the internet are accessed and exploited.
79 #
80 # When protected mode is on and if:
81 #
82 # 1) The server is not binding explicitly to a set of addresses using the
83 # "bind" directive.
84 # 2) No password is configured.
85 #
86 # The server only accepts connections from clients connecting from the
87 # IPv4 and IPv6 loopback addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1, and from Unix domain
88 # sockets.
89 #
90 # By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if
91 # you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis
92 # even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces
93 # are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.
94 protected-mode yes
- 保护模式是一个避免你在互联网(外网)访问redis的机制。
- 当启用保护模式，而且没有密码时，服务器只接受来自IPv4地址(127.0.0.1)、IPv6地址(::1)或Unix套接字本地连接。(没密码+保护模式启动=本地访问)
- 默认是开启的
94 protected-mode no
修改日志
修改日志级别为DEBUG
293 # Specify the server verbosity level.
294 # This can be one of:
295 # debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
296 # verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)
297 # notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
298 # warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
299 loglevel notice
修改日志的输出位置
定义日志文件的输出位置到/var/log/redis.log
301 # Specify the log file name. Also the empty string can be used to force
302 # Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
303 # output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
304 logfile ""
配置本机ip和端口
主服务器部署在Docker或者其他网络代理工具，会使主服务器的ip，端口改变时，可以在配置// 文件中声明主服务器原始的ip和端口。
定义replica-announce-ip 和端口
tip: ip，port是linux的ip地址和端口号（不是容器内部ip,否则外界不能访问）。
192.168.xxx.yyy —linux服务器的ip地址
706 # A Redis master is able to list the address and port of the attached
707 # replicas in different ways. For example the "INFO replication" section
708 # offers this information, which is used, among other tools, by
709 # Redis Sentinel in order to discover replica instances.
710 # Another place where this info is available is in the output of the
711 # "ROLE" command of a master.
712 #
713 # The listed IP address and port normally reported by a replica is
714 # obtained in the following way:
715 #
716 # IP: The address is auto detected by checking the peer address
717 # of the socket used by the replica to connect with the master.
718 #
719 # Port: The port is communicated by the replica during the replication
720 # handshake, and is normally the port that the replica is using to
721 # listen for connections.
722 #
723 # However when port forwarding or Network Address Translation (NAT) is
724 # used, the replica may actually be reachable via different IP and port
725 # pairs. The following two options can be used by a replica in order to
726 # report to its master a specific set of IP and port, so that both INFO
727 # and ROLE will report those values.
728 #
729 # There is no need to use both the options if you need to override just
730 # the port or the IP address.
731 #
732 # replica-announce-ip 5.5.5.5
733 # replica-announce-port 1234
查看redis状态
127.0.0.1:6379> info replication
# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_failover_state:no-failover
master_replid:9ab01d97e6c3f5bd43ea60ddfc7cc42dddfa5fc4
master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
master_repl_offset:0
second_repl_offset:-1
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0
redis从服务器配置（6380）
配置6380/conf/redis.conf文件
上传配置文件redis.conf
配置主从 Master-Replica replication
458 ################################# REPLICATION #################################
459
460 # Master-Replica replication. Use replicaof to make a Redis instance a copy of
461 # another Redis server. A few things to understand ASAP about Redis replication.
462 #
463 # +------------------+ +---------------+
464 # | Master | ---> | Replica |
465 # | (receive writes) | | (exact copy) |
466 # +------------------+ +---------------+
467 #
468 # 1) Redis replication is asynchronous, but you can configure a master to
469 # stop accepting writes if it appears to be not connected with at least
470 # a given number of replicas.
471 # 2) Redis replicas are able to perform a partial resynchronization with the
472 # master if the replication link is lost for a relatively small amount of
473 # time. You may want to configure the replication backlog size (see the next
474 # sections of this file) with a sensible value depending on your needs.
475 # 3) Replication is automatic and does not need user intervention. After a
476 # network partition replicas automatically try to reconnect to masters
477 # and resynchronize with them.
478 #
479 # replicaof
配置从只读
在配置文件末尾添加: slave-read-only yes（旧版本），新版本默认为从只读。
配置服务器ip地址
修改redis.conf文件中的replica-announce-ip/port为本机(linux)的ip和docker映射的地址。
732 replica-announce-ip 192.168.198.128
733 replica-announce-port 6380
创建运行容器
docker run -it \
--name redis_6380 \
--privileged \
-p 6380:6379 \
--network wn_docker_net \
--ip 172.18.12.11 \
--sysctl net.core.somaxconn=1024 \
-e TIME_ZONE="Asia/Shanghai" -e TZ="Asia/Shanghai" \
-v /usr/local/software/redis/6380/conf/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf \
-v /usr/local/software/redis/6380/data/:/data \
-v /usr/local/software/redis/6380/log/redis.log:/var/log/redis.log \
-d redis \
/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
查看启动日志
- 启动信息
- 主从连接信息
- 检查master（6379）服务器日志
进入redis-cli查看主从状态
[root@localhost conf]# docker exec -it redis_6380 bash
root@eb572dc438ae:/data# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> info replication
# Replication
role:slave
master_host:192.168.198.128
master_port:6379
master_link_status:up
master_last_io_seconds_ago:4
master_sync_in_progress:0
slave_read_repl_offset:2800
slave_repl_offset:2800
slave_priority:100
slave_read_only:1
replica_announced:1
connected_slaves:0
master_failover_state:no-failover
master_replid:d55333204ec41a62dd7f1074d6167392c21b6c24
master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
master_repl_offset:2800
second_repl_offset:-1
repl_backlog_active:1
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:2731
repl_backlog_histlen:70
第二个redis从服务器（6381）
配置6380/conf/redis.conf文件
上传配置文件redis.conf
配置主从 Master-Replica replication
458 ################################# REPLICATION #################################
459
460 # Master-Replica replication. Use replicaof to make a Redis instance a copy of
461 # another Redis server. A few things to understand ASAP about Redis replication.
462 #
463 # +------------------+ +---------------+
464 # | Master | ---> | Replica |
465 # | (receive writes) | | (exact copy) |
466 # +------------------+ +---------------+
467 #
468 # 1) Redis replication is asynchronous, but you can configure a master to
469 # stop accepting writes if it appears to be not connected with at least
470 # a given number of replicas.
471 # 2) Redis replicas are able to perform a partial resynchronization with the
472 # master if the replication link is lost for a relatively small amount of
473 # time. You may want to configure the replication backlog size (see the next
474 # sections of this file) with a sensible value depending on your needs.
475 # 3) Replication is automatic and does not need user intervention. After a
476 # network partition replicas automatically try to reconnect to masters
477 # and resynchronize with them.
478 #
479 # replicaof
配置服务器ip地址
修改redis.conf文件中的replica-announce-ip/port为本机(linux)的ip和docker映射的地址。
732 replica-announce-ip 192.168.198.128
733 replica-announce-port 6381
配置从只读
在配置文件末尾添加: slave-read-only yes（旧版本），新版本默认为从只读。
创建运行容器
docker run -it \
--name redis_6381 \
--privileged \
-p 6381:6379 \
--network wn_docker_net \
--ip 172.18.12.12 \
--sysctl net.core.somaxconn=1024 \
-e TIME_ZONE="Asia/Shanghai" -e TZ="Asia/Shanghai" \
-v /usr/local/software/redis/6381/conf/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf \
-v /usr/local/software/redis/6381/data/:/data \
-v /usr/local/software/redis/6381/log/redis.log:/var/log/redis.log \
-d redis \
/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
查看启动日志
- 启动信息
- 主从连接信息
- 检查master（6379）服务器日志
进入redis-cli查看主从状态
[root@localhost log]# docker exec -it redis_6380 bash
root@eb572dc438ae:/data# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> info replication
# Replication
role:slave
master_host:192.168.198.128
master_port:6379
master_link_status:up
master_last_io_seconds_ago:4
master_sync_in_progress:0
slave_read_repl_offset:6748
slave_repl_offset:6748
slave_priority:100
slave_read_only:1
replica_announced:1
connected_slaves:0
master_failover_state:no-failover
master_replid:d55333204ec41a62dd7f1074d6167392c21b6c24
master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
master_repl_offset:6748
second_repl_offset:-1
repl_backlog_active:1
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:2731
repl_backlog_histlen:4018
进入master查看主从信息
[root@localhost log]# docker exec -it redis_6379 bash
root@751e44287904:/data# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> info replication
# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:2
slave0:ip=192.168.198.128,port=6380,state=online,offset=6902,lag=0
slave1:ip=192.168.198.128,port=6381,state=online,offset=6902,lag=0
master_failover_state:no-failover
master_replid:d55333204ec41a62dd7f1074d6167392c21b6c24
master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
master_repl_offset:6902
second_repl_offset:-1
repl_backlog_active:1
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:1
repl_backlog_histlen:6902
