试译《乔治·波尔蒂的36种戏剧性情境》之二十一：为亲人而牺牲

情境二十一：为亲人而牺牲

具体描述

要素

主角

亲人

被牺牲的资财、人或物

概要

主角为了帮助亲人或朋友而放弃了一些东西。

变体

A

1. 为亲人或爱人牺牲生命

2. 为亲人或爱人的幸福牺牲生命

B

1. 为父母的幸福放弃志向

2. 为父母的生命放弃志向

C

1. 为父母的生命牺牲爱情

2. 为孩子的幸福牺牲爱情

3. 为爱人的幸福牺牲爱情

4. 为孩子的幸福牺牲爱情，但这种情况是由不公正的法律造成的

D

1. 为父母或爱人的生命，牺牲生命和荣誉

2. 为亲人或爱人的生命忍辱负重

进一步阐述

为亲人牺牲自己，与为理想牺牲自己相似，“理想”在本章即可指，一个人把亲人放在其他许多事情之上。许多文化都有这样的规则：家族优先于许多事情，包括法律。人们为了支持亲人，可能作伪证，甚至做出更恶劣的行为。

看到故事中其他人遵守社会规则，我们会更具认同感。因此，为亲人牺牲的故事往往是温暖和正面的。

Self-sacrifice for kindred

Description

Elements

The Hero

The Kinsman

The Creditor or Person or Thing Sacrificed

Summary

The Hero gives up something in order to help a relative or friend.

Variants

A

1. Life sacrificed for that of a relative or loved one

2. Life sacrificed for the happiness of a relative or loved one

B

1. Ambition sacrificed for the happiness of a parent

2. Ambition sacrificed for the life of a parent

C

1. Love sacrificed for the sake of a parent's life

2. Love sacrificed for the happiness of one's child

3. Love sacrificed for the happiness of a loved one

4. Love sacrificed for the happiness of one's child, but the situation brought about by unjust laws

D

1. Life and honor sacrificed for the life of a parent or loved one

2. Modesty sacrificed for the life of a relative or a loved one

Discussion

Self-sacrifice for a kinsman is similar toself-sacrificing for an ideal, in that the ideal here is that one should put one's kin above many others things. Many cultures have this rule, that family comes before many things, even the law, and that one should perjure oneself or worse if this is what is required to support one's kith and kin.

Seeing others in a story obeying our own social rules makes us identify more strongly with them. Stories of sacrifice for kin thus are often heart-warming and affirming.