读书之深入理解ffmpeg_简单笔记1（初步）
对音视频一直有初步的了解，深入理解ffmpeg这本书出来后就迫不及待大代价购买，先通读一遍，简单对其做笔记，下一步做细节整理练习（仅个人笔记）。
第一章：都是一些理论基础，因为个人也浅了解过，略过。
音频，图像，声道，视频，带宽计算等基础。
第二章：FFmpeg的历史，宏观介绍
AVFormat（封装，解封装）,
AVCodec（编码，解码模块）,
AVFilter（滤镜模块）,
AVDevices（设备模块）,
AVUtils（通用工具模块）
swscale（图像转换模块）
swresample（音频转换模块）
ffmpeg编译后生成三个工具，ffmpeg（编解码工具）,ffplay（播放器）,ffprobe（多媒体分析器）
安装：可以去官网直接下载可执行程序，也可以去源码安装（整理过，这里略过）
源码安装的方式，可以通过configure查看支持的模块，配置支持的模块，查看编解码，封装/解封装，通信协议 支持等
第三章：ffmpeg工具使用整理
ffmpeg -version
E:\ffmpeg\ffmpeg-2023-11-09-git-acf63d5350-full_build\bin>ffmpeg -version
ffmpeg version 2023-11-09-git-acf63d5350-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
built with gcc 12.2.0 (Rev10, Built by MSYS2 project)
configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --pkg-config=pkgconf --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-bzlib --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libaribb24 --enable-libaribcaption --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libjxl --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-mediafoundation --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-liblensfun --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-dxva2 --enable-d3d11va --enable-libvpl --enable-libshaderc --enable-vulkan --enable-libplacebo --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
libavutil 58. 32.100 / 58. 32.100
libavcodec 60. 33.100 / 60. 33.100
libavformat 60. 17.100 / 60. 17.100
libavdevice 60. 4.100 / 60. 4.100
libavfilter 9. 13.100 / 9. 13.100
libswscale 7. 6.100 / 7. 6.100
libswresample 4. 13.100 / 4. 13.100
libpostproc 57. 4.100 / 57. 4.100
ffmpeg --help
ffmpeg --help full
ffmpeg -formats
ffmpeg -codecs
ffmpeg -encoders
ffmpeg -decoders
ffmpeg -filters
ffmpeg -h filter=colorkey
E:\ffmpeg\ffmpeg-2023-11-09-git-acf63d5350-full_build\bin>ffmpeg -h filter=colorkey
ffmpeg version 2023-11-09-git-acf63d5350-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
built with gcc 12.2.0 (Rev10, Built by MSYS2 project)
configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --pkg-config=pkgconf --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-bzlib --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libaribb24 --enable-libaribcaption --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libjxl --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-mediafoundation --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-liblensfun --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-dxva2 --enable-d3d11va --enable-libvpl --enable-libshaderc --enable-vulkan --enable-libplacebo --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
libavutil 58. 32.100 / 58. 32.100
libavcodec 60. 33.100 / 60. 33.100
libavformat 60. 17.100 / 60. 17.100
libavdevice 60. 4.100 / 60. 4.100
libavfilter 9. 13.100 / 9. 13.100
libswscale 7. 6.100 / 7. 6.100
libswresample 4. 13.100 / 4. 13.100
libpostproc 57. 4.100 / 57. 4.100
Filter colorkey
Turns a certain color into transparency. Operates on RGB colors.
slice threading supported
Inputs:
#0: default (video)
Outputs:
#0: default (video)
colorkey AVOptions:
color <color> ..FV.....T. set the colorkey key color (default "black")
similarity <float> ..FV.....T. set the colorkey similarity value (from 1e-05 to 1) (default 0.01)
blend <float> ..FV.....T. set the colorkey key blend value (from 0 to 1) (default 0)
This filter has support for timeline through the 'enable' option
ffmpeg -h muxer=flv
E:\ffmpeg\ffmpeg-2023-11-09-git-acf63d5350-full_build\bin>ffmpeg -h muxer=flv
ffmpeg version 2023-11-09-git-acf63d5350-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
built with gcc 12.2.0 (Rev10, Built by MSYS2 project)
configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --pkg-config=pkgconf --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-bzlib --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libaribb24 --enable-libaribcaption --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libjxl --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-mediafoundation --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-liblensfun --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-dxva2 --enable-d3d11va --enable-libvpl --enable-libshaderc --enable-vulkan --enable-libplacebo --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
libavutil 58. 32.100 / 58. 32.100
libavcodec 60. 33.100 / 60. 33.100
libavformat 60. 17.100 / 60. 17.100
libavdevice 60. 4.100 / 60. 4.100
libavfilter 9. 13.100 / 9. 13.100
libswscale 7. 6.100 / 7. 6.100
libswresample 4. 13.100 / 4. 13.100
libpostproc 57. 4.100 / 57. 4.100
Muxer flv [FLV (Flash Video)]:
Common extensions: flv.
Mime type: video/x-flv.
Default video codec: flv1.
Default audio codec: mp3.
flv muxer AVOptions:
-flvflags <flags> E.......... FLV muxer flags (default 0)
aac_seq_header_detect E.......... Put AAC sequence header based on stream data
no_sequence_end E.......... disable sequence end for FLV
no_metadata E.......... disable metadata for FLV
no_duration_filesize E.......... disable duration and filesize zero value metadata for FLV
add_keyframe_index E.......... Add keyframe index metadata
需要关注封装转换的参数
需要关注编码，解码参数
转码流程
ffmpeg -i xxx.rmvb -vcodec mpeg4 -b:v 200k -r 15 -an output.mp4
ffprobe 常用指令
ffprobe.exe -v 9 -show_format -show_streams -show_chapters -of json test.mp4
9是输出的详细程度 最详细 0~9 查看容器信息 流信息 章节信息 以及json格式
# ffprobe.exe -v 9 -show_format -show_streams -show_chapters -of json test.mp4
{
"streams": [
{
"index": 0,
"codec_name": "h264",
"codec_long_name": "H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10",
"profile": "Constrained Baseline",
"codec_type": "video",
"codec_tag_string": "avc1",
"codec_tag": "0x31637661",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"coded_width": 1920,
"coded_height": 1080,
"closed_captions": 0,
"film_grain": 0,
"has_b_frames": 0,
"pix_fmt": "yuv420p",
"level": 40,
"chroma_location": "left",
"field_order": "progressive",
"refs": 1,
"is_avc": "true",
"nal_length_size": "4",
"id": "0x1",
"r_frame_rate": "10/1",
"avg_frame_rate": "329055/32963",
"time_base": "1/10240",
"start_pts": 0,
"start_time": "0.000000",
"duration_ts": 67508224,
"duration": "6592.600000",
"bit_rate": "558453",
"bits_per_raw_sample": "8",
"nb_frames": "65811",
"extradata_size": 39,
"disposition": {
"default": 1,
"dub": 0,
"original": 0,
"comment": 0,
"lyrics": 0,
"karaoke": 0,
"forced": 0,
"hearing_impaired": 0,
"visual_impaired": 0,
"clean_effects": 0,
"attached_pic": 0,
"timed_thumbnails": 0,
"non_diegetic": 0,
"captions": 0,
"descriptions": 0,
"metadata": 0,
"dependent": 0,
"still_image": 0
},
"tags": {
"language": "und",
"handler_name": "VideoHandler",
"vendor_id": "[0][0][0][0]"
}
},
{
"index": 1,
"codec_name": "aac",
"codec_long_name": "AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)",
"profile": "LC",
"codec_type": "audio",
"codec_tag_string": "mp4a",
"codec_tag": "0x6134706d",
"sample_fmt": "fltp",
"sample_rate": "48000",
"channels": 2,
"channel_layout": "stereo",
"bits_per_sample": 0,
"initial_padding": 0,
"id": "0x2",
"r_frame_rate": "0/0",
"avg_frame_rate": "0/0",
"time_base": "1/48000",
"start_pts": 0,
"start_time": "0.000000",
"duration_ts": 316453680,
"duration": "6592.785000",
"bit_rate": "128000",
"nb_frames": "309038",
"extradata_size": 2,
"disposition": {
"default": 1,
"dub": 0,
"original": 0,
"comment": 0,
"lyrics": 0,
"karaoke": 0,
"forced": 0,
"hearing_impaired": 0,
"visual_impaired": 0,
"clean_effects": 0,
"attached_pic": 0,
"timed_thumbnails": 0,
"non_diegetic": 0,
"captions": 0,
"descriptions": 0,
"metadata": 0,
"dependent": 0,
"still_image": 0
},
"tags": {
"language": "und",
"handler_name": "SoundHandler",
"vendor_id": "[0][0][0][0]"
}
}
],
"chapters": [
],
"format": {
"filename": "test.mp4",
"nb_streams": 2,
"nb_programs": 0,
"format_name": "mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2",
"format_long_name": "QuickTime / MOV",
"start_time": "0.000000",
"duration": "6592.785000",
"size": "568219326",
"bit_rate": "689504",
"probe_score": 100,
"tags": {
"major_brand": "isom",
"minor_version": "512",
"compatible_brands": "isomiso2avc1mp41",
"title": "EVCapture4.0.2杞欢褰曞埗",
"encoder": "Lavf56.38.102",
"comment": "鏈棰戠敱婀栧崡涓€鍞俊鎭鎶€寮€鍙戠殑EV褰曞睆杞欢褰曞埗锛寃ww.ieway.cn"
}
}
}
ffprobe --help
ffprobe.exe -show_data -show_packets test.mp4
E:\ffmpeg\ffmpeg-2023-11-09-git-acf63d5350-full_build\bin>ffprobe.exe -show_data -show_packets test.mp4
ffprobe version 2023-11-09-git-acf63d5350-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2007-2023 the FFmpeg developers
built with gcc 12.2.0 (Rev10, Built by MSYS2 project)
configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --pkg-config=pkgconf --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-bzlib --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libaribb24 --enable-libaribcaption --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libjxl --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-mediafoundation --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-liblensfun --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-dxva2 --enable-d3d11va --enable-libvpl --enable-libshaderc --enable-vulkan --enable-libplacebo --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
libavutil 58. 32.100 / 58. 32.100
libavcodec 60. 33.100 / 60. 33.100
libavformat 60. 17.100 / 60. 17.100
libavdevice 60. 4.100 / 60. 4.100
libavfilter 9. 13.100 / 9. 13.100
libswscale 7. 6.100 / 7. 6.100
libswresample 4. 13.100 / 4. 13.100
libpostproc 57. 4.100 / 57. 4.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'test.mp4':
Metadata:
major_brand : isom
minor_version : 512
compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
title : EVCapture4.0.2软件录制
encoder : Lavf56.38.102
comment : 本视频由湖南一唯信息科技开发的EV录屏软件录制，www.ieway.cn
Duration: 01:49:52.79, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 689 kb/s
Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080, 558 kb/s, 9.98 fps, 10 tbr, 10240 tbn (default)
Metadata:
handler_name : VideoHandler
vendor_id : [0][0][0][0]
Stream #0:1[0x2](und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 128 kb/s (default)
Metadata:
handler_name : SoundHandler
vendor_id : [0][0][0][0]
[PACKET]
codec_type=audio
stream_index=1
pts=-1241
pts_time=-0.025854
dts=-1241
dts_time=-0.025854
duration=1024
duration_time=0.021333
size=341
pos=48
flags=KD_
data=
00000000: 2120 0520 a41b ffc0 0000 0000 0000 0000 ! . ............
00000010: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000020: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000030: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000040: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000050: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000060: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
ffprobe.exe -show_format test.mp4
[FORMAT]
filename=test.mp4
nb_streams=2
nb_programs=0
format_name=mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2
format_long_name=QuickTime / MOV
start_time=0.000000
duration=6592.785000
size=568219326
bit_rate=689504
probe_score=100
TAG:major_brand=isom
TAG:minor_version=512
TAG:compatible_brands=isomiso2avc1mp41
TAG:title=EVCapture4.0.2软件录制
TAG:encoder=Lavf56.38.102
TAG:comment=本视频由湖南一唯信息科技开发的EV录屏软件录制，www.ieway.cn
[/FORMAT]
ffprobe.exe -show_frames test.mp4
可以查看帧类型，索引，关键帧，pts,dts，时长，宽高等
[FRAME]
media_type=audio
stream_index=1
key_frame=1
pts=0
pts_time=0.000000
pkt_dts=0
pkt_dts_time=0.000000
best_effort_timestamp=0
best_effort_timestamp_time=0.000000
pkt_duration=807
pkt_duration_time=0.016813
duration=807
duration_time=0.016813
pkt_pos=389
pkt_size=512
sample_fmt=fltp
nb_samples=807
channels=2
channel_layout=stereo
[/FRAME]
[FRAME]
media_type=video
stream_index=0
key_frame=1
pts=0
pts_time=0.000000
pkt_dts=0
pkt_dts_time=0.000000
best_effort_timestamp=0
best_effort_timestamp_time=0.000000
pkt_duration=1024
pkt_duration_time=0.100000
duration=1024
duration_time=0.100000
pkt_pos=901
pkt_size=142879
width=1920
height=1080
crop_top=0
crop_bottom=0
crop_left=0
crop_right=0
pix_fmt=yuv420p
sample_aspect_ratio=N/A
pict_type=I
coded_picture_number=0
display_picture_number=0
interlaced_frame=0
top_field_first=0
repeat_pict=0
color_range=unknown
color_space=unknown
color_primaries=unknown
color_transfer=unknown
chroma_location=left
[SIDE_DATA]
side_data_type=H.26[45] User Data Unregistered SEI message
[/SIDE_DATA]
[/FRAME]
ffprobe.exe -print_format json -show_streams test.mp4
ffprobe.exe -of json -show_streams test.mp4
可以设置xml,ini,json,cvs,flat等
streamEye工具，可以分析帧，编码等
ffprobe.exe -show_frames -select_streams a -of json test.mp4
-select_streams 可以查看音频 a 视频 v 字幕 a 的帧信息
ffprobe.exe -of json -select_streams v -show_packets -show_entries packet=codec_type,pts_time,flags,pos test.mp4
配合进行过滤参数，显示必要的信息。 配合grep 可以过滤查看关键帧等信息，索引等
ffprobe.exe -v trace test.mp4 2>&1|grep “parent:‘root’” (未验证)
未验证，查看对应的moov位置，ffmpeg也可以
ffplay.exe -ss 30 -t 10 -window_title “hello” test.mp4
time可以查看指令运行时长
ffplay.exe -vcodec h264 test.mp4
指定解码器
ffplay.exe -vst 4 -ast 5 xxx.ts
指定播放的视频流，音频流
ffplay.exe -window_title “窗口标题” -vf “subtitles=input.srt” output.mp4
ffplay.exe -showmode 1 out.mp3
ffplay.exe -debug vis_mb_type -window_title "test " -ss 20 -t 10 -autoexit test.mp4
ffplay.exe -vismv pf test.mp4
b帧 p帧预测
ffplay -flags2 +export_mvs -ss 40 test.mp4 -vf codecview=mv=pf+bf+bb
第四章 mp4格式分析
实际上就是len +type +data的格式，然后内部嵌套
moov可能在最后，对录制，很大的视频挑战比较大。
流式场景下，fmp4 (切片)
把MP4格式下的moov字段中的一些信息放到了moof中。
区分mp4和fmp4的方式，通过mvex box是否存在确定吗？
一般每个Gop作为一个单独分片存储，基于关键帧的分片。 指令如下：
ffmpeg -i xxx.h264 -c:v copy -f mp4 -movflags frag_keyframe+empty_moov out.mp4
CMAF (通用媒体格式)
可扩展的格式，用于打包分段媒体对象，在自适应媒体流中在终端用户设备上传输和解码。
结合了HLS和dash 两种流媒体协议。
MP4分析工具
Elecard StreamEye ， MP4Box, mp4info, mediainfo,l-smash, Bento4
vlc也可以？
ffmpeg.exe -h demuxer=mp4 （mp4解封装常用参数）
Demuxer mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 [QuickTime / MOV]:
Common extensions: mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2,psp,m4b,ism,ismv,isma,f4v,avif.
mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 AVOptions:
-use_absolute_path <boolean> .D.V....... allow using absolute path when opening alias, this is a possible security issue (default false)
-seek_streams_individually <boolean> .D.V....... Seek each stream individually to the closest point (default true)
-ignore_editlist <boolean> .D.V....... Ignore the edit list atom. (default false)
-advanced_editlist <boolean> .D.V....... Modify the AVIndex according to the editlists. Use this option to decode in the order specified by the edits. (default true)
-ignore_chapters <boolean> .D.V....... (default false)
-use_mfra_for <int> .D.V....... use mfra for fragment timestamps (from -1 to 2) (default auto)
auto -1 .D.V....... auto
dts 1 .D.V....... dts
pts 2 .D.V....... pts
-use_tfdt <boolean> .D.V....... use tfdt for fragment timestamps (default true)
-export_all <boolean> .D.V....... Export unrecognized metadata entries (default false)
-export_xmp <boolean> .D.V....... Export full XMP metadata (default false)
-activation_bytes <binary> .D......... Secret bytes for Audible AAX files
-audible_key <binary> .D......... AES-128 Key for Audible AAXC files
-audible_iv <binary> .D......... AES-128 IV for Audible AAXC files
-audible_fixed_key <binary> .D......... Fixed key used for handling Audible AAX files
-decryption_key <binary> .D......... The media decryption key (hex)
-enable_drefs <boolean> .D.V....... Enable external track support. (default false)
-max_stts_delta <int> .D......... treat offsets above this value as invalid (from 0 to UINT32_MAX) (default 4294487295)
-interleaved_read <boolean> .D......... Interleave packets from multiple tracks at demuxer level (default true)
ffmpeg.exe -h muxer=mp4 （mp4封装常用参数）
mov/mp4/tgp/psp/tg2/ipod/ismv/f4v muxer AVOptions:
-movflags <flags> E.......... MOV muxer flags (default 0)
rtphint E.......... Add RTP hint tracks
empty_moov E.......... Make the initial moov atom empty
frag_keyframe E.......... Fragment at video keyframes
frag_every_frame E.......... Fragment at every frame
separate_moof E.......... Write separate moof/mdat atoms for each track
frag_custom E.......... Flush fragments on caller requests
isml E.......... Create a live smooth streaming feed (for pushing to a publishing point)
faststart E.......... Run a second pass to put the index (moov atom) at the beginning of the file
omit_tfhd_offset E.......... Omit the base data offset in tfhd atoms
disable_chpl E.......... Disable Nero chapter atom
default_base_moof E.......... Set the default-base-is-moof flag in tfhd atoms
dash E.......... Write DASH compatible fragmented MP4
cmaf E.......... Write CMAF compatible fragmented MP4
frag_discont E.......... Signal that the next fragment is discontinuous from earlier ones
delay_moov E.......... Delay writing the initial moov until the first fragment is cut, or until the first fragment flush
global_sidx E.......... Write a global sidx index at the start of the file
skip_sidx E.......... Skip writing of sidx atom
write_colr E.......... Write colr atom even if the color info is unspecified (Experimental, may be renamed or changed, do not use from scripts)
prefer_icc E.......... If writing colr atom prioritise usage of ICC profile if it exists in stream packet side data
write_gama E.......... Write deprecated gama atom
use_metadata_tags E.......... Use mdta atom for metadata.
skip_trailer E.......... Skip writing the mfra/tfra/mfro trailer for fragmented files
negative_cts_offsets E.......... Use negative CTS offsets (reducing the need for edit lists)
-moov_size <int> E.......... maximum moov size so it can be placed at the begin (from 0 to INT_MAX) (default 0)
-rtpflags <flags> E.......... RTP muxer flags (default 0)
latm E.......... Use MP4A-LATM packetization instead of MPEG4-GENERIC for AAC
rfc2190 E.......... Use RFC 2190 packetization instead of RFC 4629 for H.263
skip_rtcp E.......... Don't send RTCP sender reports
h264_mode0 E.......... Use mode 0 for H.264 in RTP
send_bye E.......... Send RTCP BYE packets when finishing
-skip_iods <boolean> E.......... Skip writing iods atom. (default true)
-iods_audio_profile <int> E.......... iods audio profile atom. (from -1 to 255) (default -1)
-iods_video_profile <int> E.......... iods video profile atom. (from -1 to 255) (default -1)
-frag_duration <int> E.......... Maximum fragment duration (from 0 to INT_MAX) (default 0)
-min_frag_duration <int> E.......... Minimum fragment duration (from 0 to INT_MAX) (default 0)
-frag_size <int> E.......... Maximum fragment size (from 0 to INT_MAX) (default 0)
-ism_lookahead <int> E.......... Number of lookahead entries for ISM files (from 0 to 255) (default 0)
-video_track_timescale <int> E.......... set timescale of all video tracks (from 0 to INT_MAX) (default 0)
-brand <string> E.......... Override major brand
-use_editlist <boolean> E.......... use edit list (default auto)
-fragment_index <int> E.......... Fragment number of the next fragment (from 1 to INT_MAX) (default 1)
-mov_gamma <float> E.......... gamma value for gama atom (from 0 to 10) (default 0)
-frag_interleave <int> E.......... Interleave samples within fragments (max number of consecutive samples, lower is tighter interleaving, but with more overhead) (from 0 to INT_MAX) (default 0)
-encryption_scheme <string> E.......... Configures the encryption scheme, allowed values are none, cenc-aes-ctr
-encryption_key <binary> E.......... The media encryption key (hex)
-encryption_kid <binary> E.......... The media encryption key identifier (hex)
-use_stream_ids_as_track_ids <boolean> E.......... use stream ids as track ids (default false)
-write_btrt <boolean> E.......... force or disable writing btrt (default auto)
-write_tmcd <boolean> E.......... force or disable writing tmcd (default auto)
-write_prft <int> E.......... Write producer reference time box with specified time source (from 0 to 2) (default 0)
wallclock 1 E..........
pts 2 E..........
-empty_hdlr_name <boolean> E.......... write zero-length name string in hdlr atoms within mdia and minf atoms (default false)
-movie_timescale <int> E.......... set movie timescale (from 1 to INT_MAX) (default 1000)
ffmpeg.exe -i input.flv -c copy -f mp4 out.mp4
ffmpeg.exe -i input.flv -c copy -f mp4 -movflags faststart out.mp4
移动moov到mdat前面
ffmpeg.exe -i input.flv -c copy -f mp4 -movflags dashout.mp4
dash格式的mp4文件
ffmpeg.exe -re -i input.mp4 -c copy -movflags isml+frag_keyframe -f ismv stream
isml设置ISML直播流
apple平台兼容： -tag:v hvcl
ffmpeg -i xxx.mp4 -c:v libx265 -c:a aac -crf 25 -tag:v hvcl out.mp4