1、ansible-playbook实现MySQL的二进制部署
环境：
centos01：192.168.184.147 客户端
centos03：192.168.184.134 ansible服务端
1.安装ansible
[root@centos03 ~]# yum install ansible
2.ssh免密认证
[root@centos03 ~]# ssh-keygen
[root@centos03 ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.184.147
3.配置主机清单
[root@centos03 ~]# mkdir ansible;cd ansible
[root@centos03 ansible]# vi host
[mysql]
192.168.184.147
[root@centos03 ansible]# cat ansible.cfg
[defaults]
inventory = host
remote_user = root
4.mysql配置文件
[root@centos03 ansible]# cat my.cnf.j2
[mysqld]
datadir={{ dataDIR }}
skip_name_resolve=1
socket={{ dataDIR }}/mysql.sock
log-error={{ dataDIR }}/mysql.log
pid-file={{ dataDIR }}/mysql.pid
[client]
socket={{ dataDIR }}/mysql.sock
5.mysql安装脚本：
[root@centos03 ansible]# cat install-mysql8.0-bin.yml
---
- name: install mysql8.0
hosts: mysql
gather_facts: no
vars:
downloadURL: https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
mysqlDIR: mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
installDIR: /usr/local
dataDIR: /data/mysql
tasks:
- name: install package
yum:
name:
- libaio
- numactl-libs
state: present
- name: add mysql group
group:
name: mysql
system: yes
- name: add mysql user
user:
name: mysql
groups: mysql
shell: /sbin/nologin
system: yes
home: "{{ dataDIR }}"
create_home: no
- name: create data directory
file:
path: "{{ dataDIR }}"
state: directory
owner: mysql
group: mysql
recurse: yes
- name: download mysql package
unarchive:
src: "{{ downloadURL }}"
dest: "{{ installDIR }}"
copy: no
owner: mysql
group: mysql
- name: create sort link
file:
src: "{{ installDIR }}/{{ mysqlDIR }}"
dest: "{{ installDIR }}/mysql"
state: link
owner: mysql
group: mysql
- name: configure env
copy:
content: "PATH={{ installDIR }}/mysql/bin:$PATH"
dest: /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
- name: update my.cnf
template:
src: my.cnf.j2
dest: /etc/my.cnf
- name: copy service file
copy:
src: "{{ installDIR }}/mysql/support-files/mysql.server"
dest: /etc/init.d/mysqld
remote_src: yes
mode: 755
- name: init mysql
shell:
source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh;mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir={{ dataDIR }}
- name: start mysqld
service:
name: mysqld
state: started
enabled: true
6.运行playbook
[root@centos03 ansible]# ansible-playbook install-mysql8.0-bin.yml
PLAY [install mysql8.0] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [add mysql group] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [add mysql user] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [create data directory] **************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [download mysql package] *************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [create sort link] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [configure env] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [update my.cnf] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [copy service file] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [init mysql] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [start mysqld] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************************
[WARNING]: The service (mysqld) is actually an init script but the system is managed by systemd
changed: [192.168.184.147]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.184.147 : ok=10 changed=10 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
7.登录mysql：
[root@centos01 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.27 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
2、Ansible playbook实现apache批量部署,并对不同主机提供以各自IP地址为内容的index.html
1.配置主机清单
[root@centos03 ansible]# cat host
[httpd]
192.168.184.147
192.168.184.129
2.httpd主页文件
[root@centos03 ansible]# cat index.html.j2
{{ ansible_default_ipv4.address }}
3.httpd安装脚本
[root@centos03 ansible]# cat install-httpd.yml
---
- name: install httpd
hosts: httpd
tasks:
- name: install httpd
yum:
name: httpd
state: latest
- name: start httpd
service:
name: httpd
state: started
enabled: true
- name: update index.html
template:
src: index.html.j2
dest: /var/www/html/index.html
notify:
- restart httpd
handlers:
- name: restart httpd
service:
name: httpd
state: restarted
4.运行playbook
[root@centos03 ansible]# ansible-playbook install-httpd.yml
PLAY [install httpd] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.184.129]
ok: [192.168.184.147]
TASK [install httpd] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
changed: [192.168.184.129]
TASK [start httpd] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
changed: [192.168.184.129]
TASK [update index.html] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.129]
changed: [192.168.184.147]
RUNNING HANDLER [restart httpd] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.184.147]
changed: [192.168.184.129]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.184.129 : ok=5 changed=4 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.184.147 : ok=5 changed=4 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
5.验证：
[root@centos03 ansible]# curl http://192.168.184.147
192.168.184.147
[root@centos03 ansible]# curl http://192.168.184.129
192.168.184.129
3、http的报文结构和状态码总结
-
http请求报文：
报文由三个部分组成，即开始行、首部行和实体主体。
在请求报文中，开始行就是请求行。
http请求报文结构 -
http响应报文：
响应报文的开始行是状态行。
状态行包括三项内容，即HTTP的版本、状态码，以及解释状态码的简单短语。
http响应报文结构 http状态码分类
1xx：100-101 信息提示
2xx：200-206 成功
3xx：300-307 重定向
4xx：400-415 错误类信息，客户端错误
5xx：500-505 错误类信息，服务器端错误http常见状态码：
200： 成功，请求数据通过响应报文的entity-body部分发送;OK
301： 请求的URL指向的资源已经被删除；但在响应报文中通过首部Location指明了资源现在所处的新位置；Moved Permanently
302： 响应报文Location指明资源临时新位置 Moved Temporarily
304： 客户端发出了条件式请求，但服务器上的资源未曾发生改变，则通过响应此响应状态码通知客户端；Not Modified
307: 浏览器内部重定向
401： 需要输入账号和密码认证方能访问资源；Unauthorized
403： 请求被禁止；Forbidden
404： 服务器无法找到客户端请求的资源；Not Found
500： 服务器内部错误；Internal Server Error
502： 代理服务器从后端服务器收到了一条伪响应，如无法连接到网关；Bad Gateway
503： 服务不可用，临时服务器维护或过载，服务器无法处理请求
504： 网关超时