K8S集群搭建及控制面板安装
环境准备
三台虚拟机
| 主机名 | 配置 | IP地址 |
|---|---|---|
| master | 4G 4C | 192.168.0.200 |
| node1 | 2G 4C | 192.168.0.201 |
| node2 | 2G 4C | 192.168.0.202 |
注：没特意说明在那个节点执行意思就是全部都要
停止防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
禁用SELinux
# 永久 关闭
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
# 重启
reboot
#临时关闭
setenforce 0
关闭swap分区
# 永久
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
# 重启
reboot
# 临时关闭swap分区
swapoff -a
在master节点上添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.0.200 master
192.168.0.201 node1
192.168.0.202 node2
EOF
将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
vm.swappiness = 0
EOF
# 加载br_netfilter模块
modprobe br_netfilter
# 查看是否加载
lsmod | grep br_netfilter
# 生效
sysctl --system
开启ipvs
yum -y install ipset ipvsadm
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
EOF
授权、运行、检查是否加载：
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4
检查是否加载：
lsmod | grep -e ipvs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4
安装docker
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.3.ce-3.el7
#启动docker并设置开机自启动
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
设置Docker镜像加速器：
# 创建docker配置目录
mkdir -p /etc/docker
# 创建镜像配置文件
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"registry-mirrors": ["https://8wxxnmd4.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
# 重启docker
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
配置kubeadm阿里云的YUM软件源
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
由于版本更新频繁，这里指定版本号部署：
yum install -y kubelet-1.18.0 kubeadm-1.18.0 kubectl-1.18.0
为了实现Docker使用的cgroup drvier和kubelet使用的cgroup drver一致，建议修改"/etc/sysconfig/kubelet"文件的内容：
vim /etc/sysconfig/kubelet
# 修改
KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=systemd"
设置为开机自启动即可，由于没有生成配置文件，集群初始化后自动启动：
systemctl enable kubelet
部署k8s的Master节点
# 由于默认拉取镜像地址k8s.gcr.io国内无法访问，这里需要指定阿里云镜像仓库地址
kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.0.200 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version v1.18.0 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
根据提示执行命令
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
查看节点
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master NotReady master 4m47s v1.18.0
添加k8s的Node节点
在192.168.0.201和192.168.0.202上添加如下的命令：
# 向k8s集群中添加Node节点
kubeadm join 192.168.0.200:6443 --token axgy03.n8nbeak54a5dr1gm \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:653055540c6cb5afe85dfc35a88d7634af2a57e86c602625edee3f7be2253068
默认的token有效期为24小时，当过期之后，该token就不能用了，这时可以使用如下的命令创建token：
# 生成一个新的token
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
# 生成一个永不过期的token
kubeadm token create --ttl 0
部署CNI网络插件
根据提示，在Master节点使用kubectl工具查看节点状态：
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master NotReady master 5m50s v1.18.0
node1 NotReady <none> 13s v1.18.0
node2 NotReady <none> 13s v1.18.0
在Master节点部署CNI网络插件(可能会失败，如果失败，请下载到本地，然后安装)：
# 直接部署
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
# 下载后部署
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
[root@master k8s]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
podsecuritypolicy.policy/psp.flannel.unprivileged created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds created
查看部署CNI网络插件进度：
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
再次在Master节点使用kubectl工具查看节点状态：
kubectl get nodes
查看集群健康状态：
kubectl get cs
#查看集群信息
kubectl cluster-info
安装UI管理界面
在Mastr节点安装
下载recommended.yaml文件
项目开源地址 ： https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.1/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
修改yaml文件
新增type: NodePort 和 nodePort：31443，以便能实现非本机访问
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 31443
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
创建一个admin-user
vim dashboard-adminuser.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml
创建一个集群角色
vim dashboard-ClusterRoleBinding.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: admin-user
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin-user
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl apply -f dashboard-ClusterRoleBinding.yaml
获取token
kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
Name: admin-user-token-fjr5w
Namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
Labels: <none>
Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 2889c0f4-2fbf-4005-ab06-c15873e89017
Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
Data
====
ca.crt: 1025 bytes
namespace: 20 bytes
token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjQwcmFuMG9Gcll4b1BWVE5kQ3ZDZkhkN0RWdWFURk1xWFdfZHFsbjhrWHcifQ.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.l80AoTuM5g_rOOT4svNozuW8fYzgPT_Jo7jlx40LDoWOYx-uSoCsZN2OzYNafqanUBs5I0gC-7chAmS3w3G6PNUlKCi07ANySC2iPm22BFzFxMsTP8vnY64rAvUgP3nCjAGPY2LSJY5KoyUrVai0rjCJUFKVDX-aGA_2w7_hYJ1JmS0K8joeFf3UYzMghOqaPwiwlze6yc3be3oPuD0FJNTQ4zDFMi_QhoUUINLjFMYjDg2lweWzLlGBSCPq7g-lkfbUonPYYB9k2IMHdDbS6NyQt7JCIK0dpgR4tY8l28-PNqOkBTYJh9BI-9mlzPFiviGnmzkZ5M3R5GMoFbSJ6g
访问k8s集群UI
访问 https://you_k8s_server_ip:31443/
输入上边的token就可以登入了
