WireGuard 是一种极其简单但快速且现代的 VPN,它利用了最先进的加密技术。它的目标是比 IPsec 更快、更简单、更精简和更有用,同时避免令人头疼的问题。旨在提供比 OpenVPN 更高的性能。WireGuard 被设计为在嵌入式接口和超级计算机等上运行的通用 VPN,适用于许多不同的环境。最初仅支持 Linux 平台,现在可以进行跨平台(Windows、macOS、BSD、iOS、Android)的广泛部署。目前仍然在大力开发中,但已经被认为是业内最安全、最容易使用和最简单的 VPN 解决方案。
WireGuard 是由 贾森·多南菲尔德 (Jason Donenfeld)等人用 C
语言编写的一个开源3层网络隧道工具,被视为下一代 VPN 协议,从 2020 年 1 月开始,它已经并入了 Linux 内核的 5.6
版本,这意味着大多数 Linux 发行版的用户将拥有一个开箱即用的 WireGuard。
项目官网:https://www.wireguard.com/
Arch Wiki:WireGuard - Arch Linux 中文维基
如果你的内核版本 >= 5.6,就可以用上原生的 WireGuard 了,只需要安装 wireguard-tools 即可使用,而在ubuntu22.04中已做到开箱即用。
# 查看当前内核版本
uname --kernel-release
官方安装手册:https://www.wireguard.com/install/
WireGuard 优点:
注意
配置转发
开启ipv4转发,检查是否已存在 net.ipv4.ip_forward 的配置
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
配置网卡流量转发
PostUp = iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ens160 -j MASQUERADE;iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o hklai -j MASQUERADE;iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ens192 -j MASQUERADE
PostDown = iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o ens160 -j MASQUERADE;iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o hklai -j MASQUERADE;iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o ens192 -j MASQUERADE
#!/bin/bash
# Secure WireGuard server installer
# https://github.com/angristan/wireguard-install
RED='\033[0;31m'
ORANGE='\033[0;33m'
NC='\033[0m'
function isRoot() {
if [ "${EUID}" -ne 0 ]; then
echo "You need to run this script as root"
exit 1
fi
}
function checkVirt() {
if [ "$(systemd-detect-virt)" == "openvz" ]; then
echo "OpenVZ is not supported"
exit 1
fi
if [ "$(systemd-detect-virt)" == "lxc" ]; then
echo "LXC is not supported (yet)."
echo "WireGuard can technically run in an LXC container,"
echo "but the kernel module has to be installed on the host,"
echo "the container has to be run with some specific parameters"
echo "and only the tools need to be installed in the container."
exit 1
fi
}
function checkOS() {
# Check OS version
if [[ -e /etc/debian_version ]]; then
source /etc/os-release
OS="${ID}" # debian or ubuntu
if [[ ${ID} == "debian" || ${ID} == "raspbian" ]]; then
if [[ ${VERSION_ID} -lt 10 ]]; then
echo "Your version of Debian (${VERSION_ID}) is not supported. Please use Debian 10 Buster or later"
exit 1
fi
OS=debian # overwrite if raspbian
fi
elif [[ -e /etc/fedora-release ]]; then
source /etc/os-release
OS="${ID}"
elif [[ -e /etc/centos-release ]]; then
source /etc/os-release
OS=centos
elif [[ -e /etc/oracle-release ]]; then
source /etc/os-release
OS=oracle
elif [[ -e /etc/arch-release ]]; then
OS=arch
else
echo "Looks like you aren't running this installer on a Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Oracle or Arch Linux system"
exit 1
fi
}
function initialCheck() {
isRoot
checkVirt
checkOS
}
function installQuestions() {
echo "Welcome to the WireGuard installer!"
echo "The git repository is available at: https://github.com/angristan/wireguard-install"
echo ""
echo "I need to ask you a few questions before starting the setup."
echo "You can leave the default options and just press enter if you are ok with them."
echo ""
# Detect public IPv4 or IPv6 address and pre-fill for the user
SERVER_PUB_IP=$(ip -4 addr | sed -ne 's|^.* inet \([^/]*\)/.* scope global.*$|\1|p' | awk '{print $1}' | head -1)
if [[ -z ${SERVER_PUB_IP} ]]; then
# Detect public IPv6 address
SERVER_PUB_IP=$(ip -6 addr | sed -ne 's|^.* inet6 \([^/]*\)/.* scope global.*$|\1|p' | head -1)
fi
read -rp "IPv4 or IPv6 public address: " -e -i "${SERVER_PUB_IP}" SERVER_PUB_IP
# Detect public interface and pre-fill for the user
SERVER_NIC="$(ip -4 route ls | grep default | grep -Po '(?<=dev )(\S+)' | head -1)"
until [[ ${SERVER_PUB_NIC} =~ ^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$ ]]; do
read -rp "Public interface: " -e -i "${SERVER_NIC}" SERVER_PUB_NIC
done
until [[ ${SERVER_WG_NIC} =~ ^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$ && ${#SERVER_WG_NIC} -lt 16 ]]; do
read -rp "WireGuard interface name: " -e -i wg0 SERVER_WG_NIC
done
until [[ ${SERVER_WG_IPV4} =~ ^([0-9]{1,3}\.){3} ]]; do
read -rp "Server's WireGuard IPv4: " -e -i 10.66.66.1 SERVER_WG_IPV4
done
until [[ ${SERVER_WG_IPV6} =~ ^([a-f0-9]{1,4}:){3,4}: ]]; do
read -rp "Server's WireGuard IPv6: " -e -i fd42:42:42::1 SERVER_WG_IPV6
done
# Generate random number within private ports range
RANDOM_PORT=$(shuf -i49152-65535 -n1)
until [[ ${SERVER_PORT} =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] && [ "${SERVER_PORT}" -ge 1 ] && [ "${SERVER_PORT}" -le 65535 ]; do
read -rp "Server's WireGuard port [1-65535]: " -e -i "${RANDOM_PORT}" SERVER_PORT
done
# Adguard DNS by default
until [[ ${CLIENT_DNS_1} =~ ^((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)$ ]]; do
read -rp "First DNS resolver to use for the clients: " -e -i 94.140.14.14 CLIENT_DNS_1
done
until [[ ${CLIENT_DNS_2} =~ ^((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)$ ]]; do
read -rp "Second DNS resolver to use for the clients (optional): " -e -i 94.140.15.15 CLIENT_DNS_2
if [[ ${CLIENT_DNS_2} == "" ]]; then
CLIENT_DNS_2="${CLIENT_DNS_1}"
fi
done
echo ""
echo "Okay, that was all I needed. We are ready to setup your WireGuard server now."
echo "You will be able to generate a client at the end of the installation."
read -n1 -r -p "Press any key to continue..."
}
function installWireGuard() {
# Run setup questions first
installQuestions
# Install WireGuard tools and module
if [[ ${OS} == 'ubuntu' ]] || [[ ${OS} == 'debian' && ${VERSION_ID} -gt 10 ]]; then
apt-get update
apt-get install -y wireguard iptables resolvconf qrencode
elif [[ ${OS} == 'debian' ]]; then
if ! grep -rqs "^deb .* buster-backports" /etc/apt/; then
echo "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main" >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/backports.list
apt-get update
fi
apt update
apt-get install -y iptables resolvconf qrencode
apt-get install -y -t buster-backports wireguard
elif [[ ${OS} == 'fedora' ]]; then
if [[ ${VERSION_ID} -lt 32 ]]; then
dnf install -y dnf-plugins-core
dnf copr enable -y jdoss/wireguard
dnf install -y wireguard-dkms
fi
dnf install -y wireguard-tools iptables qrencode
elif [[ ${OS} == 'centos' ]]; then
yum -y install epel-release elrepo-release
if [[ ${VERSION_ID} -eq 7 ]]; then
yum -y install yum-plugin-elrepo
fi
yum -y install kmod-wireguard wireguard-tools iptables qrencode
elif [[ ${OS} == 'oracle' ]]; then
dnf install -y oraclelinux-developer-release-el8
dnf config-manager --disable -y ol8_developer
dnf config-manager --enable -y ol8_developer_UEKR6
dnf config-manager --save -y --setopt=ol8_developer_UEKR6.includepkgs='wireguard-tools*'
dnf install -y wireguard-tools qrencode iptables
elif [[ ${OS} == 'arch' ]]; then
pacman -S --needed --noconfirm wireguard-tools qrencode
fi
# Make sure the directory exists (this does not seem the be the case on fedora)
mkdir /etc/wireguard >/dev/null 2>&1
chmod 600 -R /etc/wireguard/
SERVER_PRIV_KEY=$(wg genkey)
SERVER_PUB_KEY=$(echo "${SERVER_PRIV_KEY}" | wg pubkey)
# Save WireGuard settings
echo "SERVER_PUB_IP=${SERVER_PUB_IP}
SERVER_PUB_NIC=${SERVER_PUB_NIC}
SERVER_WG_NIC=${SERVER_WG_NIC}
SERVER_WG_IPV4=${SERVER_WG_IPV4}
SERVER_WG_IPV6=${SERVER_WG_IPV6}
SERVER_PORT=${SERVER_PORT}
SERVER_PRIV_KEY=${SERVER_PRIV_KEY}
SERVER_PUB_KEY=${SERVER_PUB_KEY}
CLIENT_DNS_1=${CLIENT_DNS_1}
CLIENT_DNS_2=${CLIENT_DNS_2}" >/etc/wireguard/params
# Add server interface
echo "[Interface]
Address = ${SERVER_WG_IPV4}/24,${SERVER_WG_IPV6}/64
ListenPort = ${SERVER_PORT}
PrivateKey = ${SERVER_PRIV_KEY}" >"/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf"
if pgrep firewalld; then
FIREWALLD_IPV4_ADDRESS=$(echo "${SERVER_WG_IPV4}" | cut -d"." -f1-3)".0"
FIREWALLD_IPV6_ADDRESS=$(echo "${SERVER_WG_IPV6}" | sed 's/:[^:]*$/:0/')
echo "PostUp = firewall-cmd --add-port ${SERVER_PORT}/udp && firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule='rule family=ipv4 source address=${FIREWALLD_IPV4_ADDRESS}/24 masquerade' && firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule='rule family=ipv6 source address=${FIREWALLD_IPV6_ADDRESS}/24 masquerade'
PostDown = firewall-cmd --remove-port ${SERVER_PORT}/udp && firewall-cmd --remove-rich-rule='rule family=ipv4 source address=${FIREWALLD_IPV4_ADDRESS}/24 masquerade' && firewall-cmd --remove-rich-rule='rule family=ipv6 source address=${FIREWALLD_IPV6_ADDRESS}/24 masquerade'" >>"/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf"
else
echo "PostUp = iptables -A FORWARD -i ${SERVER_PUB_NIC} -o ${SERVER_WG_NIC} -j ACCEPT; iptables -A FORWARD -i ${SERVER_WG_NIC} -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ${SERVER_PUB_NIC} -j MASQUERADE; ip6tables -A FORWARD -i ${SERVER_WG_NIC} -j ACCEPT; ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ${SERVER_PUB_NIC} -j MASQUERADE
PostDown = iptables -D FORWARD -i ${SERVER_PUB_NIC} -o ${SERVER_WG_NIC} -j ACCEPT; iptables -D FORWARD -i ${SERVER_WG_NIC} -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o ${SERVER_PUB_NIC} -j MASQUERADE; ip6tables -D FORWARD -i ${SERVER_WG_NIC} -j ACCEPT; ip6tables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o ${SERVER_PUB_NIC} -j MASQUERADE" >>"/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf"
fi
# Enable routing on the server
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1" >/etc/sysctl.d/wg.conf
sysctl --system
systemctl start "wg-quick@${SERVER_WG_NIC}"
systemctl enable "wg-quick@${SERVER_WG_NIC}"
newClient
echo "If you want to add more clients, you simply need to run this script another time!"
# Check if WireGuard is running
systemctl is-active --quiet "wg-quick@${SERVER_WG_NIC}"
WG_RUNNING=$?
# WireGuard might not work if we updated the kernel. Tell the user to reboot
if [[ ${WG_RUNNING} -ne 0 ]]; then
echo -e "\n${RED}WARNING: WireGuard does not seem to be running.${NC}"
echo -e "${ORANGE}You can check if WireGuard is running with: systemctl status wg-quick@${SERVER_WG_NIC}${NC}"
echo -e "${ORANGE}If you get something like \"Cannot find device ${SERVER_WG_NIC}\", please reboot!${NC}"
fi
}
function newClient() {
ENDPOINT="${SERVER_PUB_IP}:${SERVER_PORT}"
echo ""
echo "Tell me a name for the client."
echo "The name must consist of alphanumeric character. It may also include an underscore or a dash and can't exceed 15 chars."
until [[ ${CLIENT_NAME} =~ ^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$ && ${CLIENT_EXISTS} == '0' && ${#CLIENT_NAME} -lt 16 ]]; do
read -rp "Client name: " -e CLIENT_NAME
CLIENT_EXISTS=$(grep -c -E "^### Client ${CLIENT_NAME}\$" "/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf")
if [[ ${CLIENT_EXISTS} == '1' ]]; then
echo ""
echo "A client with the specified name was already created, please choose another name."
echo ""
fi
done
for DOT_IP in {2..254}; do
DOT_EXISTS=$(grep -c "${SERVER_WG_IPV4::-1}${DOT_IP}" "/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf")
if [[ ${DOT_EXISTS} == '0' ]]; then
break
fi
done
if [[ ${DOT_EXISTS} == '1' ]]; then
echo ""
echo "The subnet configured supports only 253 clients."
exit 1
fi
BASE_IP=$(echo "$SERVER_WG_IPV4" | awk -F '.' '{ print $1"."$2"."$3 }')
until [[ ${IPV4_EXISTS} == '0' ]]; do
read -rp "Client's WireGuard IPv4: ${BASE_IP}." -e -i "${DOT_IP}" DOT_IP
CLIENT_WG_IPV4="${BASE_IP}.${DOT_IP}"
IPV4_EXISTS=$(grep -c "$CLIENT_WG_IPV4/24" "/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf")
if [[ ${IPV4_EXISTS} == '1' ]]; then
echo ""
echo "A client with the specified IPv4 was already created, please choose another IPv4."
echo ""
fi
done
BASE_IP=$(echo "$SERVER_WG_IPV6" | awk -F '::' '{ print $1 }')
until [[ ${IPV6_EXISTS} == '0' ]]; do
read -rp "Client's WireGuard IPv6: ${BASE_IP}::" -e -i "${DOT_IP}" DOT_IP
CLIENT_WG_IPV6="${BASE_IP}::${DOT_IP}"
IPV6_EXISTS=$(grep -c "${CLIENT_WG_IPV6}/64" "/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf")
if [[ ${IPV6_EXISTS} == '1' ]]; then
echo ""
echo "A client with the specified IPv6 was already created, please choose another IPv6."
echo ""
fi
done
# Generate key pair for the client
CLIENT_PRIV_KEY=$(wg genkey)
CLIENT_PUB_KEY=$(echo "${CLIENT_PRIV_KEY}" | wg pubkey)
CLIENT_PRE_SHARED_KEY=$(wg genpsk)
# Home directory of the user, where the client configuration will be written
if [ -e "/home/${CLIENT_NAME}" ]; then
# if $1 is a user name
HOME_DIR="/home/${CLIENT_NAME}"
elif [ "${SUDO_USER}" ]; then
# if not, use SUDO_USER
if [ "${SUDO_USER}" == "root" ]; then
# If running sudo as root
HOME_DIR="/root"
else
HOME_DIR="/home/${SUDO_USER}"
fi
else
# if not SUDO_USER, use /root
HOME_DIR="/root"
fi
# Create client file and add the server as a peer
echo "[Interface]
PrivateKey = ${CLIENT_PRIV_KEY}
Address = ${CLIENT_WG_IPV4}/32,${CLIENT_WG_IPV6}/128
DNS = ${CLIENT_DNS_1},${CLIENT_DNS_2}
[Peer]
PublicKey = ${SERVER_PUB_KEY}
PresharedKey = ${CLIENT_PRE_SHARED_KEY}
Endpoint = ${ENDPOINT}
AllowedIPs = 0.0.0.0/0,::/0" >>"${HOME_DIR}/${SERVER_WG_NIC}-client-${CLIENT_NAME}.conf"
# Add the client as a peer to the server
echo -e "\n### Client ${CLIENT_NAME}
[Peer]
PublicKey = ${CLIENT_PUB_KEY}
PresharedKey = ${CLIENT_PRE_SHARED_KEY}
AllowedIPs = ${CLIENT_WG_IPV4}/32,${CLIENT_WG_IPV6}/128" >>"/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf"
wg syncconf "${SERVER_WG_NIC}" <(wg-quick strip "${SERVER_WG_NIC}")
echo -e "\nHere is your client config file as a QR Code:"
qrencode -t ansiutf8 -l L <"${HOME_DIR}/${SERVER_WG_NIC}-client-${CLIENT_NAME}.conf"
echo "It is also available in ${HOME_DIR}/${SERVER_WG_NIC}-client-${CLIENT_NAME}.conf"
}
function revokeClient() {
NUMBER_OF_CLIENTS=$(grep -c -E "^### Client" "/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf")
if [[ ${NUMBER_OF_CLIENTS} == '0' ]]; then
echo ""
echo "You have no existing clients!"
exit 1
fi
echo ""
echo "Select the existing client you want to revoke"
grep -E "^### Client" "/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf" | cut -d ' ' -f 3 | nl -s ') '
until [[ ${CLIENT_NUMBER} -ge 1 && ${CLIENT_NUMBER} -le ${NUMBER_OF_CLIENTS} ]]; do
if [[ ${CLIENT_NUMBER} == '1' ]]; then
read -rp "Select one client [1]: " CLIENT_NUMBER
else
read -rp "Select one client [1-${NUMBER_OF_CLIENTS}]: " CLIENT_NUMBER
fi
done
# match the selected number to a client name
CLIENT_NAME=$(grep -E "^### Client" "/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf" | cut -d ' ' -f 3 | sed -n "${CLIENT_NUMBER}"p)
# remove [Peer] block matching $CLIENT_NAME
sed -i "/^### Client ${CLIENT_NAME}\$/,/^$/d" "/etc/wireguard/${SERVER_WG_NIC}.conf"
# remove generated client file
rm -f "${HOME}/${SERVER_WG_NIC}-client-${CLIENT_NAME}.conf"
# restart wireguard to apply changes
wg syncconf "${SERVER_WG_NIC}" <(wg-quick strip "${SERVER_WG_NIC}")
}
function uninstallWg() {
echo ""
read -rp "Do you really want to remove WireGuard? [y/n]: " -e -i n REMOVE
if [[ $REMOVE == 'y' ]]; then
checkOS
systemctl stop "wg-quick@${SERVER_WG_NIC}"
systemctl disable "wg-quick@${SERVER_WG_NIC}"
if [[ ${OS} == 'ubuntu' ]]; then
apt-get autoremove --purge -y wireguard qrencode
elif [[ ${OS} == 'debian' ]]; then
apt-get autoremove --purge -y wireguard qrencode
elif [[ ${OS} == 'fedora' ]]; then
dnf remove -y wireguard-tools qrencode
if [[ ${VERSION_ID} -lt 32 ]]; then
dnf remove -y wireguard-dkms
dnf copr disable -y jdoss/wireguard
fi
dnf autoremove -y
elif [[ ${OS} == 'centos' ]]; then
yum -y remove kmod-wireguard wireguard-tools qrencode
yum -y autoremove
elif [[ ${OS} == 'oracle' ]]; then
yum -y remove wireguard-tools qrencode
yum -y autoremove
elif [[ ${OS} == 'arch' ]]; then
pacman -Rs --noconfirm wireguard-tools qrencode
fi
rm -rf /etc/wireguard
rm -f /etc/sysctl.d/wg.conf
# Reload sysctl
sysctl --system
# Check if WireGuard is running
systemctl is-active --quiet "wg-quick@${SERVER_WG_NIC}"
WG_RUNNING=$?
if [[ ${WG_RUNNING} -eq 0 ]]; then
echo "WireGuard failed to uninstall properly."
exit 1
else
echo "WireGuard uninstalled successfully."
exit 0
fi
else
echo ""
echo "Removal aborted!"
fi
}
function manageMenu() {
echo "Welcome to WireGuard-install!"
echo "The git repository is available at: https://github.com/angristan/wireguard-install"
echo ""
echo "It looks like WireGuard is already installed."
echo ""
echo "What do you want to do?"
echo " 1) Add a new user"
echo " 2) Revoke existing user"
echo " 3) Uninstall WireGuard"
echo " 4) Exit"
until [[ ${MENU_OPTION} =~ ^[1-4]$ ]]; do
read -rp "Select an option [1-4]: " MENU_OPTION
done
case "${MENU_OPTION}" in
1)
newClient
;;
2)
revokeClient
;;
3)
uninstallWg
;;
4)
exit 0
;;
esac
}
# Check for root, virt, OS...
initialCheck
# Check if WireGuard is already installed and load params
if [[ -e /etc/wireguard/params ]]; then
source /etc/wireguard/params
manageMenu
else
installWireGuard
fi
Meet Radiant Award Recipient Jason Donenfeld - Internet Security Research Group