【模块系列】STM32&TCS3472
前言
手上正好有TCS3472模块，也正好想在加深一下自己对I2C协议的理解和应用，所以就写了这个代码库出来。参考的资料主要来源于TCS3472的数据手册，和arduino中MH_TCS3472库的宏定义，和函数名称，我就没有重新命名，方便大家理解和使用修改之类的。
环境
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开发板：STM32C6T6最小系统板
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案例的代码环境：Keil5+STM32CubeMX生成的HAL库，OLED(4P)+TCS3472
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案例接线：TCS3472模块的VIN接到ST-LINK的5V，OLED模块VCC接3.3V。TCS3472和OLED的SDA接到PB9，SCL接到PB8。TCS3472模块的LED引脚接PA3(闪烁)或GND都行，不接的话LED的会一直亮，导致RGB值与透明度计算后大于256的。
注意：假如TCS3472模块的VIN接到板载的3.3V的话，可能会发生供电不足的情况。
特点
下述介绍参考数据手册
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支持I2C协议快速模式，接口数据传输速率高达 400 kbit/s
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TCS3472提供红、绿、蓝(RGB)和透明光©感应值的16位数字量的返回。
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红、绿、蓝（RGB）和透明光。带红外屏蔽滤光片的感应器。可编程模拟增益和积分时间。3,800,000:1。动态范围灵敏度极高-非常适合在暗玻璃后操作。
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外置可编程中断引脚，启用可屏蔽中断当超出预设值时，系统会发出电平式中断可编程上下限阈值，带持久性过滤器，从而减少MCU的开销
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有着电源管理，低功耗-2.5μA 休眠状态65μA等待状态，可编程等待状态时间从2.4ms 至>7 秒
代码
代码方面除了CubeMX生成的工程框架外，还导入了OLED(4P)，自制了MyI2C，TCS34725库，假如其它项目要用到的话注意也要导入这几个库。下面仅展示
TCS34725库，完整工程文件会放在文章末尾的
TCS34725.H
#ifndef __TCS34725_H__
#define __TCS34725_H__
#define TCS34725_ADDRESS (0x52) // 八位地址
#define TCS34725_ADDRESS_7bit (0x29) // 七位地址
#define TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT (0x80)
#define TCS34725_ENABLE (0x00)
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_AIEN (0x10) ///< RGBC Interrupt Enable
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_WEN (0x08) ///< Wait enable - Writing 1 activates the wait timer
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_AEN (0x02) ///< RGBC Enable - Writing 1 actives the ADC, 0 disables it
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_PON (0x01) ///< Power on - Writing 1 activates the internal oscillator, 0 disables it
#define TCS34725_ATIME (0x01) ///< Integration time
#define TCS34725_WTIME (0x03) ///< Wait time (if TCS34725_ENABLE_WEN is asserted)
#define TCS34725_WTIME_2_4MS (0xFF) ///< WLONG0 = 2.4ms WLONG1 = 0.029s
#define TCS34725_WTIME_204MS (0xAB) ///< WLONG0 = 204ms WLONG1 = 2.45s
#define TCS34725_WTIME_614MS (0x00) ///< WLONG0 = 614ms WLONG1 = 7.4s
#define TCS34725_AILTL (0x04) ///< Clear channel lower interrupt threshold
#define TCS34725_AILTH (0x05)
#define TCS34725_AIHTL (0x06) ///< Clear channel upper interrupt threshold
#define TCS34725_AIHTH (0x07)
#define TCS34725_PERS (0x0C) ///< Persistence register - basic SW filtering mechanism for interrupts
#define TCS34725_PERS_NONE (0b0000) ///< Every RGBC cycle generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_1_CYCLE (0b0001) ///< 1 clean channel value outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_2_CYCLE (0b0010) ///< 2 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_3_CYCLE (0b0011) ///< 3 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_5_CYCLE (0b0100) ///< 5 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_10_CYCLE (0b0101) ///< 10 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_15_CYCLE (0b0110) ///< 15 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_20_CYCLE (0b0111) ///< 20 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_25_CYCLE (0b1000) ///< 25 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_30_CYCLE (0b1001) ///< 30 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_35_CYCLE (0b1010) ///< 35 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_40_CYCLE (0b1011) ///< 40 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_45_CYCLE (0b1100) ///< 45 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_50_CYCLE (0b1101) ///< 50 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_55_CYCLE (0b1110) ///< 55 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_PERS_60_CYCLE (0b1111) ///< 60 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt
#define TCS34725_CONFIG (0x0D)
#define TCS34725_CONFIG_WLONG (0x02) ///< Choose between short and long (12x) wait times via TCS34725_WTIME
#define TCS34725_CONTROL (0x0F) ///< Set the gain level for the sensor
#define TCS34725_ID (0x12) ///< 0x44 = TCS34721/TCS34725, 0x4D = TCS34723/TCS34727
#define TCS34725_STATUS (0x13)
#define TCS34725_STATUS_AINT (0x10) ///< RGBC Clean channel interrupt
#define TCS34725_STATUS_AVALID (0x01) ///< Indicates that the RGBC channels have completed an integration cycle
#define TCS34725_CDATAL (0x14) ///< Clear channel data
#define TCS34725_CDATAH (0x15)
#define TCS34725_RDATAL (0x16) ///< Red channel data
#define TCS34725_RDATAH (0x17)
#define TCS34725_GDATAL (0x18) ///< Green channel data
#define TCS34725_GDATAH (0x19)
#define TCS34725_BDATAL (0x1A) ///< Blue channel data
#define TCS34725_BDATAH (0x1B)
typedef enum
{
TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_2_4MS = 0xFF, ///< 2.4ms - 1 cycle - Max Count: 1024
TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_24MS = 0xF6, ///< 24ms - 10 cycles - Max Count: 10240
TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_50MS = 0xEB, ///< 50ms - 20 cycles - Max Count: 20480
TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_101MS = 0xD5, ///< 101ms - 42 cycles - Max Count: 43008
TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_154MS = 0xC0, ///< 154ms - 64 cycles - Max Count: 65535
TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_700MS = 0x00 ///< 700ms - 256 cycles - Max Count: 65535
}
tcs34725IntegrationTime_t;
typedef enum
{
TCS34725_GAIN_1X = 0x00, ///< No gain
TCS34725_GAIN_4X = 0x01, ///< 4x gain
TCS34725_GAIN_16X = 0x02, ///< 16x gain
TCS34725_GAIN_60X = 0x03 ///< 60x gain
}
tcs34725Gain_t;
typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
typedef unsigned short int uint16_t;
typedef unsigned int uint32_t;
/***** 底层函数 *****/
void TCS34725_WriteReg(uint8_t reg,uint8_t data);
uint8_t TCS34725_ReadReg(uint8_t reg);
/***** 功能函数 *****/
void TCS34725_Init(void); // 初始化TCS34725配置
void TCS34725_enable(void); // 使能器件
void TCS34725_lock(void); // 使能TCS34725内部中断
uint8_t TCS34725_getID(void); // 获取器件ID
uint8_t TCS34725_getStatus(void); // 获取TCS34725状态
void TCS34725_setGain(tcs34725Gain_t gain); // 设置增益
void TCS34725_setIntegrationTime(tcs34725IntegrationTime_t time); // 设置时间增益
void TCS34725_getRGBC(uint16_t *r, uint16_t *g, uint16_t *b, uint16_t *c); // 获取TCS34725的颜色反馈
#endif
TCS34725.C
#include "TCS34725.h"
#include "MyI2C.h"
/**
* @描述:基于TCS34725 写寄存器 ID-地址-数据
*/
void TCS34725_WriteReg(uint8_t reg,uint8_t data)
{
MyI2C_Start();
MyI2C_SendByte(TCS34725_ADDRESS);
MyI2C_ReceiveAck();
MyI2C_SendByte(TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT | reg);
MyI2C_ReceiveAck();
MyI2C_SendByte(data);
MyI2C_ReceiveAck();
MyI2C_Stop();
}
/**
* @描述:基于TCS34725 读寄存器 ID-地址-数据
*/
uint8_t TCS34725_ReadReg(uint8_t reg)
{
uint8_t reData = 0;
MyI2C_Start();
MyI2C_SendByte(TCS34725_ADDRESS);
MyI2C_ReceiveAck();
MyI2C_SendByte(TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT | reg);
MyI2C_ReceiveAck();
MyI2C_Start(); // 666
MyI2C_SendByte(TCS34725_ADDRESS | 0x01);
MyI2C_ReceiveAck();
reData = MyI2C_ReceiveByte();
MyI2C_SendAck(1);
MyI2C_Stop();
return reData;
}
/**
* @描述:初始化TCS34725配置
*/
void TCS34725_Init()
{
TCS34725_setIntegrationTime(TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_101MS);
TCS34725_setGain(TCS34725_GAIN_1X);
TCS34725_enable();
}
/**
* @描述:TCS34725毫秒级延时
*/
void TCS34725_DelayMs(uint16_t ms)
{
char i;
for(i = 0;i < ms;i++)
{
MyI2C_DelayUs(1000);
}
}
/**
* @描述:设置时间增益
*/
void TCS34725_setIntegrationTime(tcs34725IntegrationTime_t time)
{
// 更新时序寄存器
TCS34725_WriteReg(TCS34725_ATIME,time);
}
/**
* @描述:设置增益
*/
void TCS34725_setGain(tcs34725Gain_t gain)
{
// 设置增益
TCS34725_WriteReg(TCS34725_CONTROL,gain);
}
/**
* @描述:使能器件
*/
void TCS34725_enable(void)
{
// 开启内部振荡器--启动
TCS34725_WriteReg(TCS34725_ENABLE,TCS34725_ENABLE_PON);
TCS34725_DelayMs(3);
// 启动ADC
TCS34725_WriteReg(TCS34725_ENABLE,TCS34725_ENABLE_PON | TCS34725_ENABLE_AEN);
}
/**
* @描述:读取TCS34725指定寄存器
*/
uint16_t TCS34725_readRegWord(uint8_t reg)
{
uint16_t h = 0x0000; // 高八位
uint16_t l = 0x0000; // 低八位
MyI2C_Start(); // I2C开始条件
MyI2C_SendByte(TCS34725_ADDRESS); // I2C发送字节
MyI2C_ReceiveAck(); // I2C接收应答
MyI2C_SendByte(TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT | reg | 0x20); // I2C发送字节
MyI2C_ReceiveAck(); // I2C接收应答
MyI2C_Start(); // 666
MyI2C_SendByte(TCS34725_ADDRESS | 0x01);
MyI2C_ReceiveAck();
h = MyI2C_ReceiveByte(); // I2C接收字节
MyI2C_SendAck(0); // I2C发送应答
l = MyI2C_ReceiveByte(); // I2C接收字节
MyI2C_SendAck(1); // I2C发送应答
MyI2C_Stop(); // I2C结束条件
h <<= 8;
h |= l;
return h;
}
/**
* @描述:获取TCS34725的颜色反馈
*/
void TCS34725_getRGBC(uint16_t *r, uint16_t *g, uint16_t *b, uint16_t *c)
{
*c = TCS34725_readRegWord(TCS34725_CDATAL);
*r = TCS34725_readRegWord(TCS34725_RDATAL);
*g = TCS34725_readRegWord(TCS34725_GDATAL);
*b = TCS34725_readRegWord(TCS34725_BDATAL);
// 给定一定的采集后延时
TCS34725_DelayMs(100);
}
/**
* @描述:使能TCS34725内部中断
*/
void TCS34725_lock()
{
uint8_t r = TCS34725_ReadReg(TCS34725_ENABLE);
r |= TCS34725_ENABLE_AIEN;
TCS34725_WriteReg(TCS34725_ENABLE, r);
}
/**
* @描述:获取器件ID
* @返回:0x44 = TCS34721/TCS34725, 0x4D = TCS34723/TCS34727
*/
uint8_t TCS34725_getID()
{
return TCS34725_ReadReg(TCS34725_ID);
}
/**
* @描述:获取TCS34725状态
* @返回:返回该寄存器数值
*/
uint8_t TCS34725_getStatus()
{
return TCS34725_ReadReg(TCS34725_STATUS);
}
现象
下面为代码现象。OLED上显示的分别是，ID，8位R，8位G，8位B，16位C的值，可以看出来，测出的结果跟我设定的结果还差一点，不过能测量出个大概，比如偏红色啊，偏蓝色啊。当然可能也是我的参数没配置好，大家想要更高精度的话，就要关注
TCS34725_Init()里面的时间增益，和数值增益了。
工程
链接包含资料：Keil5工程代码*1，TCS34727资料手册(英文)*1
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1AapcmqJjpgtlvu-eMr3Bpg 提取码：wq6k