练习接口测试第一步骤

最近一段时间学了Python语言,重新学了 Java,js,html语言,CSS,linux,一堆测试工具;唉~

在接触接口测试过程中补了很多课,

终于有点领悟接口测试的根本;

偶是个实用派~,那么现实中没有用的东西,基本上我都不会有很大的概念;

下面给的是接口测试的统一大步骤,其实就是让我们对接口测试有一个整体的概念,我们要做或学习接口测试,应该从那些地方着手,也就是告诉你,百度搜索了半天接口测试之后,我还是没有概念,那怎么办呢,那么下面这些步骤就是,你需要把接口测试拆开来了解的步骤;

如第一步,百度之后,要研究什么是resful,怎么个增删改查;

这些步骤都可以拆开来,反复实践,等把这些步骤都拆开来,实践完了,你的接口测试也就通透了,通杀所有接口测试

接口测试:Http类,webservice类  其实大同小异

找一个你自己的项目,没人做过接口测试的也可以,这样你可以自己想明白 怎么测,而不是用别人的思想,思想。。。最重要,可是没有思路到有思路的路程并不长,只是你要开始做这个事情,相信我,会很快,你发现自己确实很聪明~~~~~~

声明:我的这些东西之所以能入门,主要归功于乙醇大神的接口测试概念和冯xx朋友的不吝赐教以及网络上的各种散碎思想;

第一步: 先要明白你要测什么? 本质就是增,删,改,查。(学名叫 resful);

第二步:先用网上推荐的工具来感觉一下(比如:postman, 比如:SoapUI)

第三步:get, post, put, delete 大概怎么个用法,比如传参(比如 json串),怎么看结果(这些确实需要你有些技术基础的,比如 端口,返回值,编码类型)

第四步:那么,那么,我们学了语言,那就来用用吧(一定要拿写好的接口例子来看看,要不然,你不知道用这个语言的什么包或什么函数来帮我们获取到URl的数据等...)

第五步:那么我们加入框架吧(Unittest),这样和前面你的老版本,自创的那一版对比一下,会感触~~,然后明白为什么用框架, 实践确实是个有意思的事情;

第六步:把你的那些参数放入数据库,或者excel等等 实现数据驱动;倒腾吧

第七步:优化你的代码,反复反复倒腾 重构,你应该在通往 python高手的路上了

第八步:当然如果你会Java但是并不会用它写接口测试,那么把这些用例变成Java吧

第九步:那么你还能干嘛,还多着呢,思考:你现在这个接口是否只测试了A接口,那么B接口能测试吗? 比如C调用A接口,那么C是一个接口呢? 是吗~~ 你能分辨出来吗,把它弄清楚,如果不是接口,或者它是什么,能测试吗,怎么测试?

第十步:自己做一个假的接口(Moco):最好和你现在的项目结合的,比如开发正在开发的(和开发沟通);自己测试

第十一步:自己写一个接口(可以先按照之前开发开发好的接口,照葫芦画瓢一个,那也要画,必须画,谁叫你是做测试的,知己知彼呀~),先简单,后复杂,主要倒腾清楚原理就行,反正你也不做开发(当然如果你想做开发,那去做开发吧,别在这浪费时间);自己测试

第十二步: 开始倒腾 测试第二个接口,这次你直接从第六步开始就行(代码优美可不是一天炼成的)

如果你倒腾的很细的话,本人认为倒腾三个接口应该很够了,最后一定记得拿你这个知识到市场去卖钱哟;科技是第一生产力~~

其实,其实 有了这个基础 应该倒腾自动化的其他就不难了

 第一版 unittest 框架源码

 1 # Lawsuit_interface_unittest.py
 2 # coding:utf-8
 3 
 4 import json
 5 import unittest
 6 from suds.client import Client
 7 
 8 
 9 class Lawsuit_interface_testing(unittest.TestCase):
10 
11     def setUp(self):
12         self.url = "http://.....:8080/sys/webservice/sysNotifyTodoWebService?wsdl"
13         self.client = Client(self.url) #
14 
15     def tearDown(self):
16         pass
17 
18     def test_getTodo(self):
19 
20         notify_TodoGetContext = self.client.factory.create(
21             'notifyTodoGetContext')
22         notify_TodoGetContext.otherCond = ""
23         notify_TodoGetContext.pageNo = 1
24         notify_TodoGetContext.rowSize = 3
25         notify_TodoGetContext.targets = json.dumps(
26             {"LoginName": "xiaoming"})
27         notify_TodoGetContext.type = 1
28         notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.getTodo(
29             notify_TodoGetContext)
30         returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
31         self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
32 
33     def test_sendTodo(self):
34 
35         notify_TodoSendContext = self.client.factory.create(
36             'notifyTodoSendContext')
37         notify_TodoSendContext.appName = "Lawsuit"
38         notify_TodoSendContext.createTime = "2015-11-27 15:32:39"
39         notify_TodoSendContext.key = ''
40         notify_TodoSendContext.link = 'http://wwww.baidu.com'
41         notify_TodoSendContext.subject = 'Lawsuit_testing'
42         notify_TodoSendContext.modelId = '123456789'
43         notify_TodoSendContext.modelName = "Lawsuit"
44         notify_TodoSendContext.targets = json.dumps(
45             {"LoginName": "xiaoming"})
46         notify_TodoSendContext.type = 1
47         notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.sendTodo(
48             notify_TodoSendContext)
49         returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
50         self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
51 
52     def test_deleteTodo(self):
53 
54         notify_TodoRemoveContext = self.client.factory.create(
55             'notifyTodoRemoveContext')
56         notify_TodoRemoveContext.appName = "Lawsuit"
57         notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelId = '123456789'
58         notify_TodoRemoveContext.key = ''
59         notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelName = "Lawsuit"
60         notify_TodoRemoveContext.optType = 1
61         notify_TodoRemoveContext.targets = json.dumps(
62             {"LoginName": "xiaoming"})
63         notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.deleteTodo(
64             notify_TodoRemoveContext)
65         returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
66         self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
67 
68     def test_setTodoDone(self):
69 
70         notify_TodoRemoveContext = self.client.factory.create(
71             'notifyTodoRemoveContext')
72         notify_TodoRemoveContext.appName = "Lawsuit"
73         notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelId = '123456789'
74         notify_TodoRemoveContext.key = ''
75         notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelName = "Lawsuit_testing"
76         notify_TodoRemoveContext.optType = 1
77         notify_TodoRemoveContext.targets = json.dumps(
78             {"LoginName": "xiaoming"})
79         notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.setTodoDone(
80             notify_TodoRemoveContext)
81         returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
82         self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
83 
84 
85 if __name__ == '__main__':
86     unittest.main()

 第二版 使用excel 数据驱动


  1 # Lawsuit_interface_unittest_excel_v1.1.py
  2 # coding:utf-8
  3 
  4 import unittest
  5 import json
  6 import xlrd
  7 from suds.client import Client
  8 import time
  9 import sys
 10 
 11 
 12 class Lawsuit_interface_testing(unittest.TestCase):
 13 
 14     def setUp(self):
 15         self.url ='http:// xx?wsdl'
 16         self.client = Client(self.url)
 17         self.xlsfile = r'lawsuit_casedata.xlsx'
 18         self.excel_data(self.xlsfile)
 19 
 20     def tearDown(self):
 21         pass
 22 
 23     def test_getToDO(self):
 24 
 25         self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
 26 
 27         notify_TodoGetContext = self.client.factory.create(
 28             'notifyTodoGetContext')
 29         notify_TodoGetContext.pageNo = self.pageNo_value
 30         notify_TodoGetContext.rowSize = self.rowSize_value
 31         # another way to json
 32         # notify_TodoGetContext.targets = "{ \"LoginName\": \"xiaoming\" }"
 33         notify_TodoGetContext.targets = self.targets_value
 34         notify_TodoGetContext.type = self.ptype_value
 35 
 36         notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.getTodo(
 37             notify_TodoGetContext)
 38         returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
 39 
 40         print returnState
 41         self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
 42 
 43     def test_sendTodo(self):
 44         self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
 45 
 46         notify_TodoSendContext = self.client.factory.create(
 47             'notifyTodoSendContext')
 48         notify_TodoSendContext.appName = self.appName_value
 49         notify_TodoSendContext.createTime = self.creatime_value
 50         # notify_TodoSendContext.key = ''
 51         notify_TodoSendContext.link = self.link_value
 52         notify_TodoSendContext.subject = self.subject_value
 53         notify_TodoSendContext.modelId = self.modelId_value
 54         notify_TodoSendContext.modelName = self.modelName_value
 55         notify_TodoSendContext.targets = self.targets_value
 56         notify_TodoSendContext.type = self.ptype_value
 57         notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.sendTodo(
 58             notify_TodoSendContext)
 59         returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
 60         self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
 61 
 62     def test_deleteTodo(self):
 63         self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
 64 
 65         notify_TodoRemoveContext = self.client.factory.create(
 66             'notifyTodoRemoveContext')
 67         notify_TodoRemoveContext.appName = self.appName_value
 68         notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelId = self.modelId_value
 69         # notify_TodoRemoveContext.key = ''
 70         notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelName = self.modelName_value
 71         notify_TodoRemoveContext.optType = self.optType_value
 72         notify_TodoRemoveContext.targets = self.targets_value
 73         notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.deleteTodo(
 74             notify_TodoRemoveContext)
 75         returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
 76         self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
 77 
 78     def test_setTodoDone(self):
 79         self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
 80 
 81         notify_TodoRemoveContext = self.client.factory.create(
 82             'notifyTodoRemoveContext')
 83         notify_TodoRemoveContext.appName = self.appName_value
 84         notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelId = self.modelId_value
 85         # notify_TodoRemoveContext.key = ''
 86         notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelName = self.modelName_value
 87         notify_TodoRemoveContext.optType = self.optType_value
 88         notify_TodoRemoveContext.targets = self.targets_value
 89         notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.setTodoDone(
 90             notify_TodoRemoveContext)
 91         returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
 92         self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
 93 
 94     def excel_data(self, xlsfile):
 95 
 96         self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
 97         book = xlrd.open_workbook(xlsfile)
 98         api_sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)
 99         nrows = api_sheet.nrows
100         for i in range(1, nrows):
101             caseID = api_sheet.cell(i, 0)
102             appName = api_sheet.cell(i, 1)
103             creatime = time.strftime(
104                 time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %X', time.localtime(time.time())))
105             link = api_sheet.cell(i, 3)
106             subject = api_sheet.cell(i, 4)
107             modelId = api_sheet.cell(i, 5)
108             modelName = api_sheet.cell(i, 6)
109             targets = api_sheet.cell(i, 7)
110             ptype = api_sheet.cell(i, 8)
111             pageNo = api_sheet.cell(i, 9)
112             rowSize = api_sheet.cell(i, 10)
113             optType = api_sheet.cell(i, 11)
114             # returnstatue = api_sheet.cell(i, 12)
115             # message = api_sheet.cell(i, 13)
116             if api_sheet.cell(i, 0).ctype != 0:
117                 # caseID_value=str(int(caseID.value))
118                 self.appName_value = appName.value
119                 self.creatime_value=creatime
120                 self.link_value = link.value
121                 self.subject_value = subject.value
122                 self.modelId_value = modelId.value
123                 self.modelName_value = modelName.value
124                 # print type(targets)
125                 self.targets_value = targets.value
126                 # print type(targets.value)
127                 self.ptype_value = int(ptype.value)
128                 self.pageNo_value = int(pageNo.value)
129                 self.rowSize_value = int(rowSize.value)
130                 self.optType_value = int(optType.value)
131 
132                 # returnstatue_value=returnstatue.value
133                 # message_value=message.value
134             else:
135                 return 0
136             #    data1=
137 
138         # return data1
139 
140     # exception
141 
142     def Cannot_find_file(self, xlsfile):
143         try:
144             foo = open(self.xlsfile)
145         except EnvironmentError as err:
146             print "Unable to open file:{}".format(err)
147             sys.exit(1)
148 
149 
150 if __name__ == '__main__':
151     unittest.main()

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