容器——docker

目录

1.安装docker服务,配置镜像加速器

2.下载系统镜像(Ubuntu、 centos)

3.基于下载的镜像创建两个容器 (容器名一个为自己名字全拼,一个为首名字字母)

4.容器的启动、 停止及重启操作

5.怎么查看正在运行的容器和所有容器?

6.怎么退出容器: 两种方法分别实现?

7.怎么连接到运行的容器?

8.查看容器或镜像的内部信息?

9.如何查看所有镜像?


1.安装docker服务,配置镜像加速器

1)、环境

#服务器版本
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

#内核版本
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64

2)、添加并修改docker-ce源信息00

[root@localhost ~]# yum install yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 -y

[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '[email protected]@mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce@g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

3)、更新并安装docker-CE

[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache fast
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install docker-ce

4)、配置docker镜像加速

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
"registry-mirrors":["http://hd1esep4.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker

5)、查看docker版本

[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           24.0.5
 API version:       1.43
 Go version:        go1.20.6
 Git commit:        ced0996
 Built:             Fri Jul 21 20:39:02 2023
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          24.0.5
  API version:      1.43 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.20.6
  Git commit:       a61e2b4
  Built:            Fri Jul 21 20:38:05 2023
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.22
  GitCommit:        8165feabfdfe38c65b599c4993d227328c231fca
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.8
  GitCommit:        v1.1.8-0-g82f18fe
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

2.下载系统镜像(Ubuntu、 centos)

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull centos:7
7: Pulling from library/centos
2d473b07cdd5: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:7
docker.io/library/centos:7
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
7b1a6ab2e44d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest

3.基于下载的镜像创建两个容器 (容器名一个为自己名字全拼,一个为首名字字母)

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name wp -it ubuntu 
root@987276383c38:/# exit
exit
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name wangp -it centos:7
[root@8223d6f2e3e7 /]# exit
exit

4.容器的启动、 停止及重启操作

#启动命令
[root@localhost ~]# docker start wp
wp

#停止命令
[root@localhost ~]# docker stop wp
wp

#重启命令
[root@localhost ~]# docker restart wp
wp

5.怎么查看正在运行的容器和所有容器?

#查看正在运行的容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED         STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
987276383c38   ubuntu    "bash"    2 minutes ago   Up 53 seconds             wp

#查看所有容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE      COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
8223d6f2e3e7   centos:7   "/bin/bash"   2 minutes ago   Exited (0) 2 minutes ago             wangp
987276383c38   ubuntu     "bash"        3 minutes ago   Up About a minute                    wp

6.怎么退出容器: 两种方法分别实现?

1)、[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name wp -it ubuntu /bin/bash
root@08f0ad338d35:/# exit
exit
2)、ctrl(长按)+p+q

7.怎么连接到运行的容器?

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it wangp /bin/bash
[root@8b8d60576bac /]# 

8.查看容器或镜像的内部信息?

[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect wangp 

9.如何查看所有镜像?

[root@localhost ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu       latest    ba6acccedd29   22 months ago   72.8MB
centos       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   23 months ago   204MB

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