Python 环境部署

⼀、源码安装

        1. 安装依赖软件包

[root@localhost ~]# yum groupinstall "Development Tools" -y

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel libffi-devel

        2. 下载源码包

方法一：

百度网盘：链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1np6Faq9IvtCvALMrf63-Ow?pwd=wxtk 提取码: wxtk

方法二：

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.6/Python-3.7.6.tar.xz
#直接下载

        3. 解压安装

[root@localhost ~]# tar -xf Python-3.7.6.tar.xz 

[root@localhost ~]# cd Python-3.7.6

        4. 修改配置信息

[root@localhost Python-3.7.6]# sed -ri 's/^#readline/readline/' Modules/Setup.dist 
[root@localhost Python-3.7.6]# sed -ri 's/^#(SSL=)/\1/' Modules/Setup.dist 
[root@localhost Python-3.7.6]# sed -ri 's/^#(_ssl)/\1/' Modules/Setup.dist 
[root@localhost Python-3.7.6]# sed -ri 's/^#([\t]*-DUSE)/\1/' Modules/Setup.dist 
[root@localhost Python-3.7.6]# sed -ri 's/^#([\t]*-L\$\(SSL\))/\1/' Modules/Setup.dist 
#去掉⼏⾏的注释

        5. 开始编译安装

[root@localhost Python-3.7.6]# ./configure --enable-shared

[root@localhost Python-3.7.6]# make -j 2 && make install    # -j 当前主机的 cpu 核⼼数

⼆、 配置环境 

[root@192 ~]# cmd1='export LD_LIBRARY_PATH='
[root@192 ~]# cmd2='$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib'
[root@192 ~]# file="/etc/profile.d/python3_lib.sh"
[root@192 ~]# echo "${cmd1}${cmd2}" >$file
[root@192 ~]#  path="/usr/local/lib"
[root@192 ~]# file2="/etc/ld.so.conf.d/python3.conf"
[root@192 ~]# echo ${path} > $file2

[root@192 ~]# ldconfig
[root@192 ~]# source /etc/profile

三、 测试安装 

        1. 测试 python3

[root@192 Python-3.7.6]# python3 -V
Python 3.7.6

        2. 测试 pip3

[root@192 Python-3.7.6]# pip3 -V
pip 19.2.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)
#是⽤于存放 安装的第三⽅模块的

四、 配置使⽤本地的源安装第三⽅模块

        1. 在当前⽤户的家⽬录下创建⼀个隐藏的⽬录 .pip

[root@192 ~]# mkdir ~/.pip

        2.写⼊国内的源

[root@192 ~]# echo '[global]' >> ~/.pip/pip.conf
[root@192 ~]# c1="index-url=https://"
[root@192 ~]# c2="mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple"
[root@192 ~]# echo "${c1}${c2}" >> ~/.pip/pip.conf 

        3. 测试配置正确⾏ 

[root@192 ~]# pip3 install ipython
#安装⼀个增强版的解释器 ipython ⽤于测试