(转自:
taito的专栏)
在看到众多网站转载的这篇文章时,发现调式时有错误,特发表了此修正版
后面的例子大家针对原版举一反三。
Asp.Net2.0的客户端回调是一种很让人激动的方法,他能够让我们控制要提交什么数据给服务器而不用提交整个页面,同时服务器也只返回你所需要的数据而不要发回整个页面。
首先我们要说一个很重要的方法:GetCallbackEventRefernce.
GetCallbackEventReference首先实现让客户端脚本有能力传递参数给服务器端的RaiseCallbackEvent方法,然后返回RaiseCallBackEvent方法的值给你在GetCallbackEventRefernce方法中注册的一个参数(其实也是一个你要在客户端写的脚本)。调用GetCallbackEventRefernce你必须从客户端脚本中传递给他两个参数,一个是要传递给RaiseCallbackEvent事件的值,一个是context.
他的参数意义如下:
第一个:实现了ICallbackEventHandler借口的页面或者服务器控件,写this代表但前页面。
第二个:代表你从要从客户端传递给服务器RaiseCallbackEvent方法的值
第三个:你要在客户端写的一个js函数,同时,服务器也会把计算得到的数据传递给这个函数做为这个函数的参数。
第四个:context具体什么意思我也不太清楚GetCallbackEventRefernce发送到了客户、端的代码是这样的:
WebForm_DoCallback('__Page',arg,ReceiveServerData,context,null,false)
那么我们要怎么样做才能够从客户端调用他呢?看到了三中方法:
第一种:在后台写个public string,在Page_Load中给他赋值为:=Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference(this, "message", "ShowServerTime", "context");注意在这里是Page.ClientScrip,因为他会返回个ClientScriptManager,ClientScriptManager管理所有的客户端脚本。然后在前台某个按钮的onclick事件里<%=那个public后台字符串%>.做个小实验代码如下:
前台ServerTime.aspx:为了方便去掉好多没用的html
<%
@ page language
=
"
C#
"
CodeFile
=
"
ServerTime.aspx.cs
"
Inherits
=
"
ServerTime_aspx
"
%>
<
html
>
<
head
>
<
title
>
Server Time
</
title
>
<
script language
=
"
javascript
"
>
function GetServerTime()
{
var message
=
''
;
var context
=
''
;
<%=
sCallBackFunctionInvocation
%>
}
function ShowServerTime(timeMessage, context) {
alert(
'
现在服务器上的时间是:
'
+
timeMessage);
}
</
script
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
<
form id
=
"
MainForm
"
runat
=
"
server
"
>
<
input type
=
"
button
"
value
=
"
得到服务器端时间
"
onclick
=
"
GetServerTime();
"
/>
</
form
>
</
body
>
</
html
>
后台:
using
System;
using
System.Web.UI;
public
partial
class
ServerTime_aspx : Page,ICallbackEventHandler
{
//
一定要实现ICallbackEventHandler接口
public
string
sCallBackFunctionInvocation;
void
Page_Load(
object
sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
sCallBackFunctionInvocation
=
Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference(
this
,
"
message
"
,
"
ShowServerTime
"
,
"
context
"
);
}
String returnValue;
string
ICallbackEventHandler.GetCallbackResult()
{
return
returnValue;
}
void
ICallbackEventHandler.RaiseCallbackEvent(
string
eventArgument)
{
returnValue
=
DateTime.Now.ToString();
}
}
注意:
这里定义了一个字符串 String returnValue;
在GetCallbackResult 和 RaiseCallbackEvent 前都加上了 ICallbackEventHandler,好象是C#就要加上这个,VB不用。
一个 string GetCallbackResult 和 void RaiseCallbackEvent 搞定!
--------------------------------------
再给大家一个例子:
前台:
<%
@ Page Language
=
"
C#
"
AutoEventWireup
=
"
true
"
CodeFile
=
"
Exp2.aspx.cs
"
Inherits
=
"
Exp2
"
%>
<!
DOCTYPE html PUBLIC
"
-//W3C//DTD XHTML
1.1
//
EN" "
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd
">
<
html xmlns
=
"
http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml
"
>
<
head id
=
"
Head1
"
runat
=
"
server
"
>
<
script type
=
"
text/javascript
"
>
function LookUpStock()
{
var lb
=
document.forms[
0
].ListBox1;
var product
=
lb.options[lb.selectedIndex].text
CallServer(product,
""
);
}
function ReceiveServerData(rValue)
{
Results.innerText
=
rValue;
}
</
script
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
<
form id
=
"
form1
"
runat
=
"
server
"
>
<
div
>
<
asp:ListBox ID
=
"
ListBox1
"
Runat
=
"
server
"
></
asp:ListBox
>
<
br
/>
<
br
/>
<
button onclick
=
"
LookUpStock()
"
>
Look Up Stock
</
button
>
<
br
/>
<
br
/>
Items
in
stock:
<
span ID
=
"
Results
"
></
span
>
<
br
/>
</
div
>
</
form
>
</
body
>
</
html
>
后台:
using
System;
using
System.Data;
using
System.Configuration;
using
System.Collections;
using
System.Web;
using
System.Web.Security;
using
System.Web.UI;
using
System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using
System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using
System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
public
partial
class
Exp2 : System.Web.UI.Page, System.Web.UI.ICallbackEventHandler
{
protected
System.Collections.Specialized.ListDictionary catalog;
protected
void
Page_Load(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
String cbReference
=
Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference(
this
,
"
arg
"
,
"
ReceiveServerData
"
,
"
context
"
);
String callbackScript;
callbackScript
=
"
function CallServer(arg, context)
"
+
"
{
"
+
cbReference
+
"
} ;
"
;
Page.ClientScript.RegisterClientScriptBlock(
this
.GetType(),
"
CallServer
"
, callbackScript,
true
);
catalog
=
new
System.Collections.Specialized.ListDictionary();
catalog.Add(
"
monitor
"
,
12
);
catalog.Add(
"
laptop
"
,
10
);
catalog.Add(
"
keyboard
"
,
23
);
catalog.Add(
"
mouse
"
,
17
);
ListBox1.DataSource
=
catalog;
ListBox1.DataTextField
=
"
key
"
;
ListBox1.DataBind();
}
string
earg
=
""
;
//
#region ICallbackEventHandler 成员
public
string
GetCallbackResult()
{
String returnValue;
if
(catalog[earg]
==
null
)
{
returnValue
=
"
-1
"
;
}
else
{
returnValue
=
catalog[earg].ToString();
}
return
returnValue;
}
public
void
RaiseCallbackEvent(
string
eventArgument)
{
//
throw new Exception("The method or operation is not implemented.");
earg
=
eventArgument;
}
//
#endregion
}
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