什么是系统工程（字幕）08

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那么下一个呢

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就是

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刻画涉众需要

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这个步骤了

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那首先呢

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它要建一个

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需求的包结构

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也就是说，我们前面有这么几个包嘛

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对吧

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这么几个包

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那么现在呢，先处理这个包

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蒸馏器需求这个包

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那么这个包里面

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你看，教材里面有这么几个子包

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使命声明

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使命需求

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有效性需求

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蒸馏器规约

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使命声明

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应该就是类似于我们

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软件方法的愿景了

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就是说

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我打算要

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达到一个什么目标

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那么从这个使命声明就推出来一些

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需求

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但实际上严格来说，也不算需求

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但是比它更详细一点的

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能够达成这个声明的，一些更详细一点的要求

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只能这样说

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但是这里面它就叫需求，我们也没办法了

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我们就照着来

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然后呢

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还有一些

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有效性需求

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就是对

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这个

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目标有没有达到的一些度量

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那这个我们后面

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讲到的时候，还会再详细说

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那第四个是蒸馏器规约

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这个包了

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就是具体的需求规约

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那下面我们先

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画一张包图

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把这个图给建起来

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在这里

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对吧

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蒸馏器需求

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右键，添加一个图

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包图

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这里

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然后呢

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名字

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名字

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这是它名字

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这个是名字

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需求组织，这是它的名字

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我们就照着来

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叫需求组织

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这样

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OK

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好

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我们得到了一个

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你看，这里过来是吧

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刚好对应过来

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一个一个对应

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这里

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好

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然后，我们就一个一个包放上去了

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包放上来

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这个是使命声明

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这个是

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使命需求

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点错了

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删掉

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Package才是

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那么这几种是package的一个构造型

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都是包

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这个包它自己带了一个构造型

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刚才操作错了

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使命需求

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有效性需求

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这是蒸馏器规约

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好

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得到这么四个包

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同样，对齐一下

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那接下来呢，我们就进入使命声明这个包

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那第一个描述的就是使命声明了

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那么内容在这里，它列了一个表格

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在这里

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你看，一条一条的需求表达出来

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然后这是ID，名称

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文本

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那么

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画图就画在这个需求图里面了

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建一张需求图

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然后画在这里

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那么这个内容呢

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我把它翻译成了中文

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在这里，我们一会儿拷进去就行，不打字了

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那下面我们就来画一下

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这个需求图怎么画

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你看

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它是在这个包下面，使命声明这个包下面

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然后这个图是

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它用了这个词，解构

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这个需求

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也就是说

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它没有用需求分解

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那书里面也讲了

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它也解释了一下

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说为什么不用分解

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因为分解是那个

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平行的

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不增加，不改变含义的

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同一个层级的

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这样把它切开

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解构呢

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书里没说

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为什么要用这个词

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我们只能说

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揣摩它的意思，应该就是说它不是一个抽象级别的

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比如说，怎么个不是一个抽象级别的

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你看这里

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它并不是简单的分解

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而是什么

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通过问为什么

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怎么样

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为什么不

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找到问题的原因

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问题的解决方案

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这么几个级别跳来跳去

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所以呢，不能叫分解

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因为

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解决方案不是问题的分解

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对不对

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原因也不是问题的分解

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对吧

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它们都不是一个级别的

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但如果说，问题有子问题，这种是分解

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你看这里

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有污染的水源、净化器需要

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但又不是过滤器

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对吧

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这相当于一开始列了一些条件了

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所以呢，你看，它决定就有这个经济的过滤器（应为蒸馏器）

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这个

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那下面这个就可以认为是什么

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可以认为是

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是这一条的分解

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这一条的分解，5.1, 5.2这个

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但是，你看，这个可以看作是一个推导的过程

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对吧

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推导的一个过程

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那下面我们来画一下

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怎么画

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你看，在使命声明这里

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添加一个

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需求图

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那个图的名字叫什么呀

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那我们就按照这个来

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解构需求，对吧

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我们就按照这个，解构需求

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好

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你看，刚好对照过来

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对吧

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既然这个图里面

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示意的是这个

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我们就先画这个5这个好了

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先画5这个

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怎么画

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需求在这里嘛

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对吧

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放上一条

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然后它名字叫什么

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我们把那个文本

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这里

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把这个删掉

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来写一下它内容了