概述:
学习目标:
算法简介:
for_each //遍历容器
treansform //搬运容器到另一个容器中
功能描述:
函数原型:
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
void print01(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
// 函数对象
class print02 {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
// for_each 算法基本用法
void test01() {
vector v;
for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
v.push_back(i);
}
// 遍历算法
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), print01);
cout << endl;
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), print02());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class TransForm {
public:
int operator()(int val) {
return val;
}
};
class MyPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01() {
vectorv;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
v.push_back(i);
}
vectorvTarget; // 目标容器
vTarget.resize(v.size()); // 目标容器需要提前开辟空间
transform(v.begin(), v.end(), vTarget.begin(), TransForm());
for_each(vTarget.begin(), vTarget.end(), MyPrint());
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
学习目标:
算法简介:
find // 查找元素
find_if // 按条件查找元素
adjacent_find // 查找相邻重复元素
binary_search // 二分查找法
count // 统计元素个数
count_if // 按条件统计元素个数
功能描述:
函数原型:
find(iterator beg, iterator end, value);
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
void test01() {
vector v;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
v.push_back(i + 1);
}
// 查找容器中是否有5这个元素
vector::iterator it = find(v.begin(), v.end(), 5);
if (it == v.end()) {
cout << "没有找到!" << endl;
}
else {
cout << "找到:" << *it << endl;
}
}
class Person {
public:
Person(string name, int age) {
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Age = age;
}
bool operator==(const Person& p) {
if (this->m_Name == p.m_Name && this->m_Age == p.m_Age) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
public:
string m_Name;
int m_Age;
};
void test02() {
vector v;
// 创建数据
Person p1("aaa", 10);
Person p2("bbb", 20);
Person p3("ccc", 30);
Person p4("ddd", 40);
v.push_back(p1);
v.push_back(p2);
v.push_back(p3);
v.push_back(p4);
vector::iterator it = find(v.begin(), v.end(), p2);
if (it == v.end()) {
cout << "没有找到!" << endl;
}
else {
cout << "找到姓名:" << it->m_Name << " 年龄:" << it->m_Age << endl;
}
}
int main() {
test01();
test02();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
// 内置数据类型
class GreaterFive {
public:
bool operator()(int val) {
return val > 5;
}
};
void test01() {
vectorv;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
v.push_back(i + 1);
}
vector::iterator it = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), GreaterFive());
if (it == v.end()) {
cout << "没有找到!" << endl;
}
else {
cout << "找到大于5的数字:" << *it << endl;
}
}
class Person {
public:
Person(string name, int age) {
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Age = age;
}
public:
string m_Name;
int m_Age;
};
class Greater20 {
public:
bool operator()(Person& p) {
return p.m_Age > 20;
}
};
void test02() {
vectorv;
//创建数据
Person p1("aaa", 10);
Person p2("bbb", 20);
Person p3("ccc", 30);
Person p4("ddd", 40);
vector::iterator it = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater20());
if (it == v.end()) {
cout << "没有找到!" << endl;
}
else {
cout << "找到姓名:" << it->m_Name << " 年龄:" << it->m_Age << endl;
}
}
int main() {
//test01();
test02();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
void test01() {
vector v;
v.push_back(1);
v.push_back(7);
v.push_back(3);
v.push_back(4);
v.push_back(6);
v.push_back(8);
v.push_back(4);
//查找相邻重复元素
vector::iterator it = adjacent_find(v.begin(), v.end());
if (it == v.end()) {
cout << "找不到!" << endl;
}
else {
cout << "找到相邻重复元素为:" << *it << endl;
}
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
void test01() {
vector v;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
v.push_back(i);
}
// 二分查找
bool ret = binary_search(v.begin(), v.end(), 2);
if (ret) {
cout << "找到了" << endl;
}
else {
cout << "未找到" << endl;
}
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
// 内置数据类型
void test01() {
vectorv;
v.push_back(1);
v.push_back(3);
v.push_back(5);
v.push_back(3);
v.push_back(9);
v.push_back(3);
int num = count(v.begin(), v.end(), 4);
cout << "4的个数为:" << num << endl;
}
// 自定义数据类型
class Person {
public:
Person(string name, int age) {
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Age = age;
}
bool operator==(const Person& p) {
if (this->m_Age == p.m_Age) {
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
public:
string m_Name;
int m_Age;
};
void test02() {
vector v;
Person p1("刘备", 30);
Person p2("关羽", 35);
Person p3("张飞", 35);
Person p4("赵云", 30);
Person p5("曹操", 25);
v.push_back(p1);
v.push_back(p2);
v.push_back(p3);
v.push_back(p4);
v.push_back(p5);
Person p("诸葛亮", 35);
int num = count(v.begin(), v.end(), p);
cout << "num = " << num << endl;
}
int main() {
//test01();
test02();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class Greater4 {
public:
bool operator()(int val) {
return val >= 4;
}
};
//内置数据类型
void test01() {
vectorv;
v.push_back(1);
v.push_back(2);
v.push_back(5);
v.push_back(3);
v.push_back(4);
v.push_back(4);
int num = count_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater4());
cout << "大于4的个数为:" << num << endl;
}
// 自定义数据类型
class Person {
public:
Person(string name, int age) {
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Age = age;
}
public:
string m_Name;
int m_Age;
};
class AgeLess35 {
public:
bool operator()(const Person& p) {
return p.m_Age < 35;
}
};
void test02()
{
vector v;
Person p1("刘备", 35);
Person p2("关羽", 35);
Person p3("张飞", 35);
Person p4("赵云", 30);
Person p5("曹操", 25);
v.push_back(p1);
v.push_back(p2);
v.push_back(p3);
v.push_back(p4);
v.push_back(p5);
int num = count_if(v.begin(), v.end(), AgeLess35());
cout << "小于35岁的个数:" << num << endl;
}
int main() {
//test01();
test02();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
学习目标:
算法简介:
sort //对容器内元素进行排序
random_shuffle //洗牌 指定范围内的元素随机调整次序
merge // 容器元素合并,并存储到另一容器中
reverse // 反转指定范围的元素
功能描述:
函数原型:
sort(iterator beg, iterator end, __Pred);
// 按值查找元素,找到返回指定位置迭代器,找不到返回结束迭代器位置
// beg 开始迭代器
// end 结束迭代器
// _Pred 谓词
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
void myPrint(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
void test01() {
vector v;
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(50);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(40);
// sort 默认从小到大排序
sort(v.begin(), v.end());
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint);
cout << endl;
// 从大到小排序
sort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater());
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint);
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
功能描述:
函数原型:
random_shuffle(iterator beg, iterator end);
// 指定范围内的元素随机调整次序
// beg 开始迭代器
// end 结束迭代器
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01() {
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
vectorv;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
v.push_back(i);
}
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
random_shuffle(v.begin(), v.end());
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
merge(iterator beg1, iterator end1, iterator beg2, iterator end2, iterator dest);
// 容器元素合并,并存储到另一容器中
// 注意: 两个容器必须是有序的
// beg1 容器1开始迭代器
// end1 容器1结束迭代器
// beg2 容器2开始迭代器
// end2 容器2结束迭代器
// dest 目标容器开始迭代器
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01() {
vector v1;
vector v2;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
v1.push_back(i);
v2.push_back(i + 1);
}
vector vtarget;
// 目标容器需要提前开辟空间
vtarget.resize(v1.size() + v2.size());
// 合并 需要两个有序序列
merge(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), vtarget.begin());
for_each(vtarget.begin(), vtarget.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
reverse(interator beg, iterator end);
// 反转指定范围的元素
// beg 开始迭代器
// end 结束迭代器
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01() {
vectorv;
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(50);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(40);
cout << "反转前:" << endl;
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
cout << "反转后:" << endl;
reverse(v.begin(), v.end());
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
学习目标:
算法简介:
copy // 容器内指定范围的元素拷贝到另一容器中
replace // 将容器内指定范围的旧元素修改为新元素
replace_if // 容器内指定范围满足条件的元素替换为新元素
swap // 互换两个容器的元素
功能描述:
函数原型:
copy(iterator beg, iterator end, iterator dest);
// 按值查找元素,找到返回指定位置迭代器,找不到返回结束迭代器位置
// beg 开始迭代器
// end 结束迭代器
// dest 目标起始迭代器
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01() {
vector v1;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
v1.push_back(i + 1);
}
vector v2;
v2.resize(v1.size());
copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin());
for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
replace(iterator beg, iterator end, oldvalue, newvalue);
// 将区间内旧元素 替换成 新元素
// beg 开始迭代器
// end 结束迭代器
// oldvalue 旧元素
// newvalue 新元素
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01() {
vector v;
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(40);
v.push_back(50);
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(20);
cout << "替换前:" << endl;
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
//将容器中的20 替换成2000
cout << "替换后:" << endl;
replace(v.begin(), v.end(), 20, 2000);
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
replace_if(iterator beg, iterator end, _pred, newvalue);
// 按条件替换元素,满足条件的替换成指定元素
// beg 开始迭代器
// end 结束迭代器
// _pred 谓词
// newvalue 替换的新元素
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
class ReplaceGreater30 {
public:
bool operator()(int val) {
return val >= 30;
}
};
void test01() {
vector v;
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(40);
v.push_back(50);
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(20);
cout << "替换前:" << endl;
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
//将容器中大于等于的30 替换成 3000
cout << "替换后:" << endl;
replace_if(v.begin(), v.end(), ReplaceGreater30(), 3000);
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
swap(container c1, container c2);
// 互换两个容器的元素
// c1 容器1
// c2 容器2
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint
{
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01()
{
vector v1;
vector v2;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
v1.push_back(i);
v2.push_back(i + 100);
}
cout << "交换前: " << endl;
for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
cout << "交换后: " << endl;
swap(v1, v2);
for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
学习目标:
注意:
#include
算法简介:
accumulate // 计算容器元素累计总和
fill // 向容器中添加元素
功能描述:
函数原型:
accumulate(iterator beg, iterator end, value);
// 计算容器元素累计总和
// beg 开始迭代器
// end 结束迭代器
// value 起始值
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
void test01() {
vectorv;
for (int i = 0; i <= 100; ++i) {
v.push_back(i);
}
int total = accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), 0);
cout << "total = " << total << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01() {
vectorv;
v.resize(10);
// 填充
fill(v.begin(), v.end(), 100);
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
学习目标:
算法简介:
set_intersection // 求两个容器的交集
set_union // 求两个容器的并集
set_difference // 求两个容器的差集
功能描述:
函数原型:
set_intersection(iterator beg1, iterator end1, iterator beg2, iterator end2,iterator dest);
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01() {
vector v1;
vector v2;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
v1.push_back(i);
v2.push_back(i + 5);
}
vector vTarget;
// 取两个里面较小的值给目标容器开辟空间
vTarget.resize(min(v1.size(), v2.size()));
// 返回目标容器的最后一个元素的迭代器地址
vector::iterator itEnd = set_intersection(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), vTarget.begin());
for_each(vTarget.begin(), itEnd, myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
set_union(iterator beg1, iterator end1, iterator beg2, iterator end2, iteratordest);
// 求两个集合的并集
// 注意:两个集合必须是有序序列
// beg1 容器1开始迭代器
// end1 容器1结束迭代器
// beg2 容器2开始迭代器
// end2 容器2结束迭代器
// dest 目标容器开始迭代器
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint {
public:
void operator()(int val) {
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01() {
vectorv1;
vectorv2;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
v1.push_back(i);
v2.push_back(i + 5);
}
vector vTarget;
// 取两个容器的和给目标容器开辟空间
vTarget.resize(v1.size() + v2.size());
// 返回目标容器的最后一个元素的迭代器地址
vector::iterator itEnd = set_union(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), vTarget.begin());
for_each(vTarget.begin(), itEnd, myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:
功能描述:
函数原型:
set_difference(iterator beg1, iterator end1, iterator beg2, iterator end2, iterator dest);
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class myPrint
{
public:
void operator()(int val)
{
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01()
{
vector v1;
vector v2;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
v1.push_back(i);
v2.push_back(i + 5);
}
vector vTarget;
// 取两个里面较大的值给目标容器开辟空间
vTarget.resize(max(v1.size(), v2.size()));
// 返回目标容器的最后一个元素的迭代器地址
cout << "v1与v2的差集为: " << endl;
vector::iterator itEnd = set_difference(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), vTarget.begin());
for_each(vTarget.begin(), itEnd, myPrint());
cout << endl;
cout << "v2与v1的差集为: " << endl;
itEnd = set_difference(v2.begin(), v2.end(), v1.begin(), v1.end(), vTarget.begin());
for_each(vTarget.begin(), itEnd, myPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结: