nginx负载均衡案例
大家好今天给大家带来nginx负载均衡实验案例,首大家先看一下我的各类版本信息。（还有两台设备信息相同就不展示了）
一，搭建nginx环境
❶首先创建Nginx的目录并进入：
[root@localhost]# mkdir /soft && mkdir /soft/nginx/
[root@localhost]# cd /home/centos/nginx❷下载Nginx的安装包，可以通过FTP工具上传离线环境包，也可通过wget命令在线获取安装包：
[root@localhost]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.21.6.tar.gz没有wget命令的可通过yum命令安装：
[root@localhost]# yum -y install wget❸解压Nginx的压缩包：
[root@localhost]# tar -xvzf nginx-1.21.6.tar.gz❹下载并安装Nginx所需的依赖库和包：
[root@localhost]# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/soft/nginx/ gcc-c++
[root@localhost]# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/soft/nginx/ pcre pcre-devel4
[root@localhost]# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/soft/nginx/ zlib zlib-devel
[root@localhost]# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/soft/nginx/ openssl openssl-devel也可以通过yum命令一键下载
[root@localhost]# yum -y install gcc zlib zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel执行完成后，然后ls查看目录文件，会看一大堆依赖：
紧接着通过rpm命令依次将依赖包一个个构建，或者通过如下指令一键安装所有依赖包：
[root@localhost]# rpm -ivh --nodeps *.rpm❺进入解压后的nginx目录，然后执行Nginx的配置脚本，为后续的安装提前配置好环境，默认位于/usr/local/nginx/目录下（可自定义目录）：
[root@localhost]# cd nginx-1.21.6
[root@localhost]# ./configure --prefix=/soft/nginx/
./configure --prefix=/home/centos/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module❻编译并安装Nginx：
[root@localhost]# make && make install
yum install epel-release
rpm -ivh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
yum --enablerepo=remi install php74-php php56-php-devel php56-php-fpm php56-php-gd php56-php-xml php56-php-sockets php56-php-session php56-php-snmp php56-php-mysql
www.conf
user
group
#运行并查看版本
php56 -v
#重启命令php-fpm
systemctl restart php56-php-fpm
#添加自动启动
systemctl enable php56-php-fpm
#查看php7.4的安装路径
whereis php
#链接php文件
ln -s /opt/remi/php74/root/usr/bin/php /usr/bin/php❼最后回到前面的/soft/nginx/目录，输入ls即可看见安装nginx完成后生成的文件。
❽修改安装后生成的conf目录下的nginx.conf配置文件：
[root@localhost]# vi conf/nginx.conf
修改端口号：listen 80;
修改IP地址：server_name 你当前机器的本地IP(线上配置域名);❾制定配置文件并启动Nginx：
[root@localhost]# sbin/nginx -c conf/nginx.conf
[root@localhost]# ps aux | grep nginxNginx其他操作命令：
sbin/nginx -t -c conf/nginx.conf # 检测配置文件是否正常
sbin/nginx -s reload -c conf/nginx.conf # 修改配置后平滑重启
sbin/nginx -s quit # 优雅关闭Nginx，会在执行完当前的任务后再退出
sbin/nginx -s stop # 强制终止Nginx，不管当前是否有任务在执行❿开放80端口，并更新防火墙：
[root@localhost]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
[root@localhost]# firewall-cmd --reload
[root@localhost]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports⓫在Windows/Mac的浏览器中，直接输入刚刚配置的IP地址访问Nginx：
二，负载均衡实验
我这边是有三台除IP之外都相同的设备，环境只搭了一台剩下两台全靠克隆
三台IP:
192.168.175.128
192.168.175.129
192.168.175.130
一下操作都在129上操作
root@ubuntu-virtual-machine:/home/ubuntu# cd /home/nginx/conf/
root@ubuntu-virtual-machine:/home/nginx/conf# vim nginx.conf
root@ubuntu-virtual-machine:/home/nginx/conf# ../sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
root@ubuntu-virtual-machine:/home/nginx/conf# ../sbin/nginx -s reload
root@ubuntu-virtual-machine:/home/nginx/conf#
nginx.conf这个文件的全部内容如下
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
修改这个部分并保存
upstream nginx_boot{
#30s内检车心跳发送两次包，未回复就代表机器宕机，请求分发权重比1:2
server 192.168.175.128 weight=100 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.175.130 weight=200 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
#这里的IP需要配置成web服务器所在机器的IP
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://nginx_boot;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
操作完后的效果这时候权重是1:2，两次128一次130
到这里就全部结束了，希望大家多多点赞收藏。