playwright部署SUSE12填坑

与SUSE12的服务器部署的那些事。
-2、虚拟机安装，参考：suse12 sp4，sp5 镜像资源分享 | 程序园 (program-park.top)
-1、下个免费版的moba，够用了，方便上传下载文件，只因我这边vmware的tool没有生效。MobaXterm Xserver with SSH, telnet, RDP, VNC and X11 - Home Edition (mobatek.net)
插曲：YaST Software Management - openSUSE Wiki SUSE有一个Yast工具，可以安装一些基础的库，可能会用到。

0、部署python3，去官网python.org下载python，然后参考：SUSE12 离线安装python - 走看看 (zoukankan.com)安装python，但是，不会那么顺利。

• 会出现各种问题，比如：

/home/kyo/桌面/Python-3.8.17/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c:107:17: 致命错误：ffi.h：没有那个文件或目录
 #include 
                 ^
编译中断。

Python build finished successfully!
The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:
_bz2                  _curses               _curses_panel
_dbm                  _gdbm                 _hashlib
_lzma                 _sqlite3              _ssl
_tkinter              _uuid                 readline
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.


The following modules found by detect_modules() in setup.py, have been
built by the Makefile instead, as configured by the Setup files:
_abc                  atexit                pwd
time


Failed to build these modules:
_ctypes


Could not build the ssl module!
Python requires an OpenSSL 1.0.2 or 1.1 compatible libssl with X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1_host().
LibreSSL 2.6.4 and earlier do not provide the necessary APIs, https://github.com/libressl-portable/portable/issues/38

解决方法：使用rpm安装libffi4和libffi：suse官方 devel:gcc / libffi4 (opensuse.org)和可选libffi安装
另附：zlib下载链接：http://www.zlib.net/fossils/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
参考：linux 中 devel包 和 非devel包的区别 - 知乎 (zhihu.com)

(3条消息) ppc64，ppc64le，ARM，AMD，X86，i386，x86_64（AMD64），AArch64的概念_Lay_Nobody的博客-CSDN博客

(3条消息) CentOS7 离线安装 Python_libffi-devel离线安装_v空空的博客-CSDN博客

RPM包安装 · Linux教程 · 看云 (kancloud.cn)

• 再进行编译，编译会出现缺库的问题，对症下药，补全对应的库就可以。

• 注意：此时如果使用pip的话，会提示SSL之类的问题，安装库指定的仓库只能是http的。参考这篇，使用阿里云解决 ：(3条消息) 【日常踩坑】解决 pip 安装第三方包时因 SSL 报错_pip ssl_ywang_wnlo的博客-CSDN博客
  ）

• 此时，如果直接pip install playwright，当前会安装1.35版本，后续运行，可能会出现需要GLIBC的某些版本，比如：

/home/kyo/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/playwright/driver/node: /lib64/libm.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.27' not found (required by /home/kyo/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/playwright/driver/node) 
/home/kyo/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/playwright/driver/node: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.25' not found (required by /home/kyo/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/playwright/driver/node) 
/home/kyo/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/playwright/driver/node: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.28' not found (required by /home/kyo/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/playwright/driver/node) 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
  File "test.py", line 4, in  
    with sync_api.sync_playwright() as p: 
  File "/home/kyo/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/playwright/sync_api/_context_manager.py", line 94, in __enter__ 
    playwright = self._playwright 
AttributeError: 'PlaywrightContextManager' object has no attribute '_playwright' 
Task was destroyed but it is pending!

此时，解决方案有两个（后者简单直接）：

1. 此时如果直接升级GLIBC，会出现覆盖本地GLIBC的问题，也可以换个路径装，但是装完之后，不知道后续怎么处理（参考：OSError: /lib64/libm.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.27' not found (required by xxx.so) ——升级GLIBC并解决系统错误 - 知乎 (zhihu.com)
   ），其中：

• 更新glibc前，需要更新gcc和make，会出现gcc和make版本过老的问题，需要升级gcc和make。（更新gcc和make的内容参考：(3条消息) These critical programs are missing or too old: make compiler_Dan淡淡的心的博客-CSDN博客
  -----------(3条消息) configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 3.1.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+._请叫我大虾的博客-CSDN博客

推荐从阿里云下载相应的代码：gnu-make安装包下载_开源镜像站-阿里云 (aliyun.com)
）

2. 降级playwright，由于本地开发的时候使用的1.35版本的playwright codegen，生成的代码存在一些新版本的api。因此，降级到对应api出现的版本，这里选择的是1.27。

最后的运行阶段：
1、安装playwright支持版本的chromium（CNPM Binaries Mirror (npmmirror.com)
自己找对应自己需要的版本。）
参考：Linux Zip文件解压教程|极客笔记 (deepinout.com)

2、在运行playwright的相关python代码的时候，指定execution_path，来指定浏览器的运行路径，使用headless来指定浏览器是否以非GUI方式运行

本地安装参考：python+playwright 学习-42 离线安装 playwright 环境 - 上海-悠悠 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)