Java：Excel写入“合并单元格“

目录

1、 Maven仓库下载导入

2、写入

2.1 数据格式

2.2 代码

2.2 输出的Excel结果：

附录：

---

本文以Java示例展示Excel中的写入“合并单元格”的方法。

1、 Maven仓库下载导入

在pom.xml中配置maven路径，指定依赖，如下：

    org.apache.poi
    poi
    4.1.1


    org.apache.poi
    poi-ooxml
    4.1.1

2、写入

2.1 数据格式

要把每个单元格信息（包含：位置、值等）都一一列举清楚，

需要的字段：

位置：firstRow，lastRow，firstCol，lastCol；(从0开始)

值：value；

[{"firstRow":0,"lastRow":6,"lastCol":0,"firstCol":0,"value":"秦时明月汉时关"},{"firstRow":0,"lastRow":0,"lastCol":1,"firstCol":1,"value":"万"},{"firstRow":1,"lastRow":1,"lastCol":1,"firstCol":1,"value":"里"},{"firstRow":2,"lastRow":2,"lastCol":1,"firstCol":1,"value":"长"},{"firstRow":3,"lastRow":3,"lastCol":1,"firstCol":1,"value":"征"},{"firstRow":4,"lastRow":4,"lastCol":1,"firstCol":1,"value":"人"},{"firstRow":5,"lastRow":5,"lastCol":1,"firstCol":1,"value":"未"},{"firstRow":6,"lastRow":6,"lastCol":1,"firstCol":1,"value":"还"},{"firstRow":3,"lastRow":3,"lastCol":2,"firstCol":2,"value":"但使龙城飞将在"},{"firstRow":0,"lastRow":0,"lastCol":3,"firstCol":3,"value":"不"},{"firstRow":1,"lastRow":1,"lastCol":3,"firstCol":3,"value":"教"},{"firstRow":2,"lastRow":2,"lastCol":3,"firstCol":3,"value":"胡"},{"firstRow":3,"lastRow":3,"lastCol":3,"firstCol":3,"value":"马"},{"firstRow":4,"lastRow":4,"lastCol":3,"firstCol":3,"value":"度"},{"firstRow":5,"lastRow":5,"lastCol":3,"firstCol":3,"value":"阴"},{"firstRow":6,"lastRow":6,"lastCol":3,"firstCol":3,"value":"山"}]

2.2 代码

package com;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;


public class ExcelTest {
    /**
     * 写入excel数据
     *
     * @param path    excel保存路径
     * @param name    excel名称
     * @param version excel格式，支持xls、xlsx
     * @param rows    excel单元格信息（包含位置、值等信息,rows中每个Json必须包含位置和值的信息，
     *                位置:firstRow，lastRow，firstCol，lastCol，值:value）
     */
    public static void writeMergeExcel(String path, String name, String version,
                                       List rows) {
        try {
            Workbook wb = produce(version);
            createSheet(wb, name, version, rows,null);
            String filePath = path + name;
            if (!filePath.endsWith(version)) {
                filePath = filePath +"."+ version;
            }
            FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
            wb.write(fileOut);
            fileOut.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 写入excel数据
     *
     * @param path    excel保存路径
     * @param name    excel名称
     * @param version excel格式，支持xls、xlsx
     * @param rows    excel单元格信息（包含位置、值等信息）
     * @param rowKeys excel单元格字段信息（rows中每个Json必须包含位置和值的信息，如果存储的字段与工具中的字段不一致，做个映射，工具中的字段：:firstRow，lastRow，firstCol，lastCol，值:value）
     */
    public static void writeMergeExcel(String path, String name, String version,
                                       List rows, JSONObject rowKeys) {
        try {
            Workbook wb = produce(version);
            createSheet(wb, name, version, rows,  rowKeys);
            String filePath = path + name;
            if (!filePath.endsWith(version)) {
                filePath = filePath +"."+ version;
            }
            FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
            wb.write(fileOut);
            fileOut.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void createSheet(Workbook wb, String name, String version,
                                    List rows, JSONObject rowKeys) {
        Integer max = getMaxRowNumber(version);
        int sheetNum = 1;
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet(name + sheetNum);

        CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.LEFT);//设置水平对齐方式
        style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER); //设置垂直对齐方式

        String firstRowKey = rowKeys != null ? rowKeys.getString("firstRow"):"firstRow";
        String lastRowKey  = rowKeys != null ? rowKeys.getString("lastRow"):"lastRow";
        String firstColKey = rowKeys != null ? rowKeys.getString("firstCol"):"firstCol";
        String lastColKey  = rowKeys != null ? rowKeys.getString("lastCol"):"lastCol";
        String valueKey    = rowKeys != null ? rowKeys.getString("value"):"value";
        for (JSONObject rowJson : rows) {
            int lastRow  = rowJson.getInteger(lastRowKey);
            if (lastRow > max){
                List subRows = rows.subList(lastRow,rows.size());
                createSheet(wb, name, version, subRows,  rowKeys);
            } else{
                int firstRow = rowJson.getInteger(firstRowKey);
                int firstCol = rowJson.getInteger(firstColKey);
                int lastCol  = rowJson.getInteger(lastColKey);
                System.out.println(firstRow+"_"+lastRow +"_"+ firstCol +"_"+ lastCol);
                if (lastCol - firstCol > 0 || lastRow - firstRow > 0 ){
                    CellRangeAddress cellRangeAddress = new CellRangeAddress(firstRow, lastRow, firstCol, lastCol);
                    sheet.addMergedRegion(cellRangeAddress);
                }
                Row row ;
                if (sheet.getRow(firstRow)!=null){
                    row = sheet.getRow(firstRow);
                } else {
                    row = sheet.createRow(firstRow);
                }
                Cell cell = row.createCell(firstCol);
                cell.setCellValue(rowJson.getString(valueKey));
                cell.setCellStyle(style);
            }
        }
    }
    public static Workbook produce(String version) {
        switch (version) {
            case "xls":
                return new HSSFWorkbook();
            case "xlsx":
                return new XSSFWorkbook();
            case "sxlsx":
                return new SXSSFWorkbook();
            default:
                return null;
        }
    }

    private static int maxXls = 65024;
    private static int maxXlsx = 1048576;
    public static Integer getMaxRowNumber(String version) {
        switch (version) {
            case "xls":
                return maxXls;
            case "xlsx":
                return maxXlsx;
            case "sxlsx":
                return maxXlsx;
            default:
                return null;
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            List list = (List) JSONObject.parse("[{\"firstRow\":0,\"lastRow\":6,\"lastCol\":0,\"firstCol\":0,\"value\":\"秦时明月汉时关\"},{\"firstRow\":0,\"lastRow\":0,\"lastCol\":1,\"firstCol\":1,\"value\":\"万\"},{\"firstRow\":1,\"lastRow\":1,\"lastCol\":1,\"firstCol\":1,\"value\":\"里\"},{\"firstRow\":2,\"lastRow\":2,\"lastCol\":1,\"firstCol\":1,\"value\":\"长\"},{\"firstRow\":3,\"lastRow\":3,\"lastCol\":1,\"firstCol\":1,\"value\":\"征\"},{\"firstRow\":4,\"lastRow\":4,\"lastCol\":1,\"firstCol\":1,\"value\":\"人\"},{\"firstRow\":5,\"lastRow\":5,\"lastCol\":1,\"firstCol\":1,\"value\":\"未\"},{\"firstRow\":6,\"lastRow\":6,\"lastCol\":1,\"firstCol\":1,\"value\":\"还\"},{\"firstRow\":3,\"lastRow\":3,\"lastCol\":2,\"firstCol\":2,\"value\":\"但使龙城飞将在\"},{\"firstRow\":0,\"lastRow\":0,\"lastCol\":3,\"firstCol\":3,\"value\":\"不\"},{\"firstRow\":1,\"lastRow\":1,\"lastCol\":3,\"firstCol\":3,\"value\":\"教\"},{\"firstRow\":2,\"lastRow\":2,\"lastCol\":3,\"firstCol\":3,\"value\":\"胡\"},{\"firstRow\":3,\"lastRow\":3,\"lastCol\":3,\"firstCol\":3,\"value\":\"马\"},{\"firstRow\":4,\"lastRow\":4,\"lastCol\":3,\"firstCol\":3,\"value\":\"度\"},{\"firstRow\":5,\"lastRow\":5,\"lastCol\":3,\"firstCol\":3,\"value\":\"阴\"},{\"firstRow\":6,\"lastRow\":6,\"lastCol\":3,\"firstCol\":3,\"value\":\"山\"}]");
            writeMergeExcel("E:\\","mergeExcel", "xls" ,list);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2.2 输出的Excel结果：

秦时明月汉时关	万		不
	里		教
	长		胡
	征	但使龙城飞将在	马
	人		度
	未		阴
	还		山

附录：

合并单元格的读取见另一篇文章：

Java读取Excel中的合并单元格https://blog.csdn.net/u012998680/article/details/124557925