【案例实战】基于k8s 部署项目上云服务器
为什么要使用kubernetes
这里有一个PHP项目系统，想需要部署到kubernetes集群中，因为它能够实现负载均衡，存储管理，自动扩缩，等错误回滚。
kubernetes的环境准备
首先需要有一个k8s的环境
本次K8s操作环境如下，至于怎么去搭建K8S环境这里不去实操了
| 服务器主机 | ip地址 |
|---|---|
| master | 192.168.200.128 |
| node | 192.168.200.129 |
构建PHP HTTP Docker镜像环境
参考本地部署环境：PHP项目部署到云服务器（CentOS+HTTP+PHP+MYSQL）_真的不会啊的博客-CSDN博客
部署一下php+httpd环境 需要有一个存放文件夹的良好习惯，这里创建一个属于项目的空文件夹
[root@k8s-master-node1 ~]# mkdir httpPhp/ [root@k8s-master-node1 ~]# cd httpPhp/ [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]#
镜像生成离不开dockerfile 去编写php+httpd dockerfile
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# cat Dockerfile FROM centos:7.9.2009 MAINTAINER langhua RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* ADD *.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ #这里需要上传的文件 RUN yum install httpd -y RUN yum install php php-mysql -y ADD httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #这里需要上传http配置的文件 RUN echo "" > /var/www/html/index.php CMD ["/usr/sbin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"] [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]#
以上还不能立马去构建docker镜像，还缺少一些重要文件
在这个dockerfile当前目录中需要存在以下文件
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# ll total 28 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2523 Oct 2 14:32 CentOS-Base.repo #这个是通过联网下载的yum阿里源 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 301 Oct 2 14:44 Dockerfile #这个是dockerfile 创建镜像文件 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11803 Oct 2 06:52 httpd.conf #这个是httpd配置文件 配置文件如下 [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# cat httpd.conf |grep -Ev '^$|#' ......DirectoryIndex index.html index.php #这里追加index.php 不然访问不了默认网站 ......TypesConfig /etc/mime.types AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz AddType application/x-httpd-php .php #就添加了这一行 AddType text/html .shtml AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml ...... #其实以上就添加如下 AddType application/x-httpd-php .php DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
确保以上文件存在就可以去构建镜像了
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# docker build -t 192.168.200.128/test/http_php:latest . Sending build context to Docker daemon 20.48kB Step 1/9 : FROM centos:7.9.2009 ---> eeb6ee3f44bd Step 2/9 : MAINTAINER guziliang ---> Using cache ---> ecd63250109f Step 3/9 : RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* ---> Using cache ---> ebfd8e2c1dc5 Step 4/9 : ADD *.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ ---> Using cache ---> d058dff66bd4 Step 5/9 : RUN yum install httpd -y ---> Using cache ---> 9bf491375793 Step 6/9 : RUN yum install php php-mysql -y ---> Using cache ---> c6be24a277be Step 7/9 : ADD httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ---> Using cache ---> 9169b36d9d54 Step 8/9 : RUN echo "" > /var/www/html/index.php ---> Using cache ---> af0d0542227d Step 9/9 : CMD ["/usr/sbin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"] ---> Using cache ---> 331313bc658f Successfully built 331313bc658f Successfully tagged 192.168.200.128/test/http_php:latest [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# #结尾出现了Successfully 这个说明docker images镜像构建成功了 #这里构建镜像的名称是192.168.200.128/test/http_php:latest 前缀是仓库的地址 需要上传到Harbor仓库中
以上镜像创建好了，把这个上传到harbor仓库里面
其实这个不用上传也可以的，用于方便还是上传了。如果想需要去实现，那必须在每个节点中有这个docker镜像。
#这个是登录你的harbor仓库 [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# docker login 192.168.200.128 -u=admin -p=Harbor12345 #上传镜像到harbor 仓库 [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# docker push 192.168.200.128/test/http_php:latest
部署上线到构建的images环境
以上httpd+php环境images构建完啦，有了docker images镜像就可以去部署项目了，接下来以下编写yaml操作
phphttp的deployment文件内容如下
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# cat deployment.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: php-demo namespace: test spec: replicas: 10 selector: matchLabels: project: www app: php-demo template: metadata: labels: project: www app: php-demo spec: containers: - name: http image: 192.168.200.128/test/http_php:latest #这里是我们 imagePullPolicy: Always ports: - containerPort: 80 name: web protocol: TCP volumeMounts: - name: data-volume mountPath: /var/www/html/ #记住这个 这是网站的目录 volumes: - name: data-volume hostPath: path: /www/data #记住这个/www/date 挂载了 /var/www/html/ [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]#
记住以上的/www/data是宿主机的目录 对应容器的/var/www/html 容器这个是网站目录。我们只需要在宿主机/www/data/目录中去存放php项目
对外暴露端口 server yaml
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# cat service.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: php-demo namespace: test spec: selector: project: www app: php-demo ports: - name: web port: 80 targetPort: 80 nodePort: 30008 #这是宿主机对外提供的端口 type: NodePort sessionAffinity: ClientIP
创建启动HTTP PHP项目
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml deployment.apps/php-demo unchanged [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml service/php-demo unchanged [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]#
查看状态
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# kubectl get -n test deployments,pod,svc NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE deployment.apps/php-demo 10/10 10 10 5h5m NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-4mxrp 1/1 Running 0 5h5m pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-chkkb 1/1 Running 0 5h5m pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-db4mc 1/1 Running 0 5h5m pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-hbxkb 1/1 Running 0 5h5m pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-kdcfw 1/1 Running 0 5h5m pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-p5kst 1/1 Running 0 5h5m pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-p99xd 1/1 Running 0 5h5m pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-v2xnq 1/1 Running 0 5h5m pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-vv7gc 1/1 Running 0 5h5m pod/php-demo-6cd9794567-wtrfp 1/1 Running 0 5h5m NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE service/php-demo NodePort 10.96.65.7980:30008/TCP 5h2m [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]#
以上看到我们的pod全都在运行 当然了是可以去访问了 访问ip如下
http://192.168.200.128:30008
部署数据库环境
php项目需要mysql的支持，以上没有做mysql 数据库，接下来配置nfs作为mysql 的后端存储
以下NFS操作可以参考Kubernetes 使用NFS共享存储_真的不会啊的博客-CSDN博客
在node节点中去搭建nfs 服务器，
[root@k8s-worker-node1 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data/mysql/data [root@k8s-worker-node1 ~]# chmod -R 777 /opt/data/mysql/data/ [root@k8s-worker-node1 ~]# cat /etc/exports /opt/data/mysql/data *(rw,no_root_squash,sync) [root@k8s-worker-node1 ~]# systemctl restart rpcbind [root@k8s-worker-node1 ~]# systemctl restart nfs [root@k8s-worker-node1 ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind [root@k8s-worker-node1 ~]# systemctl enable nfs
客户端测试nfs 是否可用
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# showmount -e 192.168.200.129 Export list for 192.168.200.129: /opt/data/mysql/data *
没啥问题可以去写 pv.pvc了
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# cat pv1.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: pv1
labels:
pv: pv1
spec:
capacity:
storage: 5Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle
storageClassName: nfs
nfs:
path: /opt/data/mysql/data
server: 192.168.200.129
pvc1.yaml
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# cat pvc1.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: pvc1
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
storageClassName: nfs
selector:
matchLabels:
pv: pv1
创建pv pvc
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# kubectl apply -f pv1.yaml [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# kubectl apply -f pvc1.yaml [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# kubectl get pv,pvc NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE persistentvolume/pv1 5Gi RWO Recycle Bound default/pvc1 nfs 12h NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE persistentvolumeclaim/data-db-0 Pending managed-nfs-storage 12h persistentvolumeclaim/pvc1 Bound pv1 5Gi RWO nfs 12h
部署mysql
以上没有问题就可以去写mysql.yaml了，内容如下
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# cat mysql.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: db
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
project: php-demo
app: mysql
serviceName: "mysql"
template:
metadata:
labels:
project: php-demo
app: mysql
spec:
hostNetwork: true
containers:
- name: mysql
image: mysql:5.6
ports:
- containerPort: 3306
env:
- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
value: "123456"
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/mysql/
name: pv1
volumeMounts:
- name: timezone
mountPath: /etc/localtime
volumes:
- name: pv1
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: pvc1
- name: timezone
hostPath:
path: /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai
创建mysql
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# kubectl apply -f mysql.yaml
查看状态
[root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]# kubectl get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE db-0 1/1 Running 0 6h29m [root@k8s-master-node1 httpPhp]#
数据库地址以及账号密码是 192.168.200.128 root 123456
记切，记得项目中的mysql连接更改一下以上地址。
PHP项目放在master节点上的/www/date目录即可。