【Larry】英语学习笔记语法篇——换一种方式理解词性
目录
一、换一种方式理解词性
1、名词、形容词、副词，这就是一切
2、词性之间的修饰关系
3、介词其实很简单
形容词属性的介词短语
副词属性的介词短语
①修饰动词
②修饰形容词
③修饰其他副词
一、换一种方式理解词性
1、名词、形容词、副词，这就是一切
图1.1
2、词性之间的修饰关系
图1.2 常见词性和种类
图1.3 词性分类
如图1.3，将英语中常见的词性和种类按名词性成分（红）、形容词性成分（黄）、副词性成分（绿）划分。
①形容词修饰名词
②副词修饰形容词、动词和其他副词
e.g1 形容词修饰名词 The beautiful flowers have a sweet fragrance.
e.g2 副词修饰形容词 Her performance was surprisingly good.
e.g3 副词修饰动词 He runs slowly.
e.g4 副词修饰其他副词 She speaks very softly.
拓展
e.g1 形容词性成分修饰名词性成分
The beautiful flowers have a sweet fragrance.【形容词】
The flowers which are stolen from Michael have a sweet fragrance.【形容词性从句】
The flowers stolen from Michael have a sweet fragrance.【分词】
e.g2 副词性成分修饰形容词性成分
Her performance was surprisingly good.【副词】
Her performance was good when her mom is around.【副词性从句】
e.g3 副词性成分修饰动词
He runs slowly.【副词】
He runs if he is followed.【副词性从句】
e.g4 副词性成分修饰其他副词成分
She speaks very softly.【副词】
She speaks like a gun.【副词性介词短语】
*定语就是形容词性成分
*状语就是副词性成分
3、介词其实很简单
换一种方式理解词性
介词=形容词 or 副词
介词只有一种用法：介词+名词性成分=介词短语
e.g1 The puma is up a tree.【介词】
e.g2 He looked up.【副词】
e.g3 Prices are up.【形容词】
e.g4 It depends on what they do.【介词】
e.g5 The car stopped and hen drove on.【副词】
e.g6 The TV is on.【形容词】
介词后面必须跟一个名词性成分那才是介词短语，没有第二种用法
拓展
e.g1 The cat on the table is named Floppy.【介词+名词短语】
e.g2 He walked through the park.【介词+名词短语】
e.g3 She apologized for arriving late to the meeting.【介词+分词短语】
e.g4 She's not certain about whether she'll go to the party or not.【介词+名词性从句】
e.g5 The scientists are studying the effects of climate change on the ecosystem.【介词+名词短语】
e.g6 I'm worried about the fact that I haven't heard from him in a while. 【介词+嵌套名词性从句的名词短语】
形容词属性的介词短语
形容词属性的介词短语一般用作后置定语，用来修饰名词
e.g1 The book on the shelf is great.【后置定语】
e.g2 I hate the hot summers in changsha.【后置定语】
副词属性的介词短语
副词属性的介词短语用于修饰动词性成分、形容词性成分以及其他副词性成分
①修饰动词
e.g1 We went to a movie after dinner.
e.g2 They have classes at our local school.
②修饰形容词
e.g1 I am ready for dinner.
e.g2 Sally is happy with her new teacher.
③修饰其他副词
e.g1 We got there late in the evening.
late修饰got，in the evening 修饰late。late是副词。
e.g2 Our team scored early in the first quarter.
图1.4 介词分类
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