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近日，《纽约时报》记者探访了一家特别的日本点心店：经由世代传承，它已经营业了一千多年。这家小店的成功秘诀是什么？这类依靠家族传承的日本小企业具有什么特点？一起来听今天的讲解。
本文封面图片选自《纽约时报》，如有版权问题，请联系删除。
本篇课程首发于2020年12月23日
英文原文
This Japanese Shop Is 1,020 Years Old. It Knowsa Bit About Surviving Crises.
By Ben Dooley and Hisako Ueno
Naomi Hasegawa's family sells toasted mochiout of a small, cedar-timbered shop next to a rambling old shrine in Kyoto. Thefamily started the business to provide refreshments to weary travelers comingfrom across Japan to pray for pandemic relief - in the year 1000.
Like many businesses in Japan, her family'sshop, Ichiwa, takes the long view - albeit longer than most. By puttingtradition and stability over profit and growth, Ichiwa has weathered wars,plagues, natural disasters, and the rise and fall of empires.
Japan is an old-business superpower. Thecountry is home to more than 33,000 with at least 100 years of history. Most ofthese old businesses are, like Ichiwa, small, family-run enterprises that dealin traditional goods and services. But some are among Japan's most famouscompanies, including Nintendo, which got its start making playing cards 131years ago.
"If you look at the economicstextbooks, enterprises are supposed to be maximizing profits, scaling up theirsize, market share and growth rate. But these companies' operating principlesare completely different," said Kenji Matsuoka, a professor emeritus ofbusiness at Ryukoku University in Kyoto.
"Their No. 1 priority is carryingon," he added. "Each generation is like a runner in a relay race.What's important is passing the baton."
To survive for a millennium, Ms. Hasegawasaid, a business cannot just chase profits. It has to have a higher purpose.
Those kinds of core values, known as"kakun," or family precepts, have guided many companies' businessdecisions through the generations. They look after their employees, support thecommunity and strive to make a product that inspires pride.
For Ichiwa, that means doing one thing anddoing it well - a very Japanese approach to business.
But Ms. Hasegawa admits she sometimes feelsthe pressure of the shop's history. One reason "we keep going," sheadded, is "because we all hate the idea of being the one to let it go."
长谷川直美，Ichiwa（一和）的现任店长
一和家贩卖了1000多年的烤麻糬（toasted
mochi）
生词好句
1.survive crisis
挺过危机，活下来
拓展:
crises 危机，是crisis的复数，读音为 /ˈkraɪ.siːz/
2.mochi
英 [ˈməʊtʃi] 美 [ˈmoʊtʃi]
n. 麻薯，糯米团子
3.out of
表出处（相当于from）
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