lamp环境的搭建和安装

  

  最近,部门有些系统需要迁移到新的机器上,因此需要在新的机器上安装lamp和lnmp的环境,因此在这里总结一下:

一. 安装lamp环境的步骤:

   (1).因为是新的机器,因此需要安装gcc的各种环境:

 yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libxml2 libxml2-devel autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-d evel

   (2).安装MySQL:

   1).编译安装MySQL: 

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

|     操作                         |     作用               |    

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

|shell> cd /usr/local/src               | 进入软件包所在目录(不要照抄)     |

|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> groupadd mysql                    | 增加mysql组(如果有就不用加了)     |

|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> useradd mysql -g mysql               | 增加mysql用户,并属于mysql组     |

|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> tar -xzvf mysql-5.1.30.tar.gz             | 解压mysql源码包          |

|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> cd mysql-5.1.30                    | 进入源码包               |

|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql \     | 配置mysql编译选项,          |

|     --with-charset=utf8 \                | 指定安装路径及支持的字符集     |

|     --with-extra-charsets=gbk,gb2312,binary  \

|                      |

|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> make                         |  编译                    |

|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> make install                     |  安装                    |

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  2).配置并初始化MySQL

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

|     操作                              |     作用               |    

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

|shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf     | 把MySQL配置文件复制到/etc下     |

|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> vi /etc/my.cnf 在'skip_federated'前加'#'号     | 注释掉这个错误的启动项,这是一个比较新式的存储引擎|

|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> cd /usr/local/mysql                    | 进入mysql的安装目录          |

|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> chown -R mysql.mysql .                    | 修改属主属组为mysql,才能完成     |

|                                     | 下一步的初始化数据库工作     |

|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql \          | 初始化数据数据库          |

| --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var               |                    |

|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> chown -R root .                         | 把var目录修改为mysql用户所有     |

|shell> chown -R mysql var                    | 其他文件修改为root所有,保证安全|

|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &               | 启动mysql               |

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  3).测试数据库

+-------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+

|               操作                 |               作用          |    

+-------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+

|shell> bin/mysql -uroot                 | 以root用户连mysql,无密码          |

|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|mysql> show databases;                      | 显示数据库                    |

|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

| +--------------------+                 |                         |    

| | Database           |                 |                         |

| +--------------------+                 |     看到左面的信息,数据库就安装     |

| | information_schema |                 |     并启动成功了!               |

| | mysql              |                 |                         |

| | test               |                 |                         |

| +--------------------+                 |                         |

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  4).接上步,修改mysql密码(可不做此步,默认无密码)

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

|          操作                    |          作用          |    

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

|mysql>UPDATE user SET                     |                    |

| password=PASSWORD('new_password')          |     修改root用户的密码     |

| WHERE user='root';                    |                    |

|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

|mysql>flush privileges;               |     清空权限缓存          |

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

 

二.安装 apache2

  1) 安装zlib压缩库

shell> cd /usr/local/src

shell> tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

shell> cd zlib-1.2.3

shell>./configure      //这个配置编译命令不要加目录参数

shell> make && make install

     2)安装apache:

shell> cd /usr/local/src

shell> tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz

shell> cd httpd-2.2.4

shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/http2  \

     --enable-modules=most \

     --enable-rewrite \    

     --enable-ssl \      #支持https的访问

     --enable-so



shell> make && make install



#启动Apache

/usr/local/http2/bin/apachectl start



#测试apache

浏览器打开: http://虚拟机IP

如果没有成功的话,可能是防火墙的问题 这时需要我们去设置防火墙 打开80端口



看到 "it works!",即为成功

三.安装图形库,为编译php做准备:

  

1)libxml2

shell> cd /usr/local/src

shell> tar -zxvf libxml2-2.6.19.tar.gz

shell> cd libxml2-2.6.19

shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2

shell> make && make install





2)jpeg6

#安装出现错误   提示无关键目录无法继续 

#手动建立如下目录 ,注意 man1是数字1,不是字母L

shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6

shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/bin

shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/lib

shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/include

shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man

shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man1

shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man/man1



shell> cd /usr/local/src

shell> tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz

shell> cd jpeg-6b

shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg6/ --enable-shared --enable-static

shell> make && make install



3)libpng

shell> cd /usr/local/src

shell> tar -zvxf libpng-1.2.12.tar.gz

shell> cd libpng-1.2.12

shell>./configure  #和zlib一样不要带参数,让它默认安装到相应目录

shell> make && make install





4)freetype

shell> cd /usr/local/src

shell> tar -zvxf freetype-2.3.4.tar.gz

shell> cd freetype-2.3.4

shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/freetype

shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype

shell> make && make install





5)GD库

shell> cd /usr/local/src

shell> tar -zvxf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz

shell> mkdir -p /usr/local/gd

shell> cd gd-2.0.35

shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd  \

     --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg6/      \

     --with-png --with-zlib \

     --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype

shell> make && make instal

   4).安装php:

shell> cd /usr/local/src

shell> tar -zxvf php-5.3.16.tar.gz

shell> cd php-5.3.16 (必须使用php 5.3 不然的话 就会出现 配置选项不正确)

shell>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \

     --with-apxs2=/usr/local/http2/bin/apxs \

     --with-mysql=mysqlnd \

     --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \

     --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \

     --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \

     --with-gd=/usr/local/gd \

     --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2 \

     --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg6 \

     --with-png-dir \

     --enable-mbstring=all \

     --enable-mbregex \

     --enable-shared

shell> make && make install

shell> cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

五. 配置apache,使其支持PHP

vi /usr/local/http2/conf/httpd.conf

1):在httpd.conf(Apache主配置文件)中增加:

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php



2):找到下面这段话:

<IfModule dir_module>

    DirectoryIndex index.html

</IfModule>



在index.html 前面添加index.php





3):建立php测试网页

vi /usr/local/http2/htdocs/index.php    

输入如下内容:

<?php

phpinfo();

?>



4): 重启apache

shell> /usr/local/http2/bin/apachectl restart



5):再次浏览器查看http://虚拟机IP

如果看到php信息,工作就完成了!

六 配置虚拟主机:

  

1)配置host文件

打开C:/windows/system32/drivers/etc/hosts 文件

增加域名记录

如:

192.168.1.246     www.ec1.com

192.168.1.246     www.ec2.com



2) 增加虚拟主机

vi /usr/local/http2/conf/httpd.conf

取消#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

这一行前面的#号

保存退出



vi /usr/local/http2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

增加虚拟主机记录



<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com

    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/http2/htdocs/ec1"

    ServerName www.ec1.com

    ServerAlias www.dummy-host.example.com

    ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"

    CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common

</VirtualHost>



<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host2.example.com

    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/http2/htdocs/ec2"

    ServerName www.ec2.com

    ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error_log"

    CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access_log" common

</VirtualHost>





3)     

  shell> cd /usr/local/http2/htdocs

  shell> mkdir ec1 ec2

  shell> echo this is ec1.com > ec1/index.html

  shell> echo this is ec2.com > ec2/index.html



4)重启apache

/usr/local/http2/bin/apachectl restart





5)浏览器打开www.ec1.com,和www.ec2.com

看到不同的网站内容,虚拟主机创建完毕!

以上就是整个配置流程,当然这个是源码编译的,你也可以使用yum进行安装!

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