Substring with Concatenation of All Words

You are given a string, S, and a list of words, L, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices of substring(s) in S that is a concatenation of each word in L exactly once and without any intervening characters.

For example, given:
S: "barfoothefoobarman"
L: ["foo", "bar"]

You should return the indices: [0,9].
(order does not matter).

假设L中的单位长度为n,依次从S中取长度为n的子串,如果在L中,就记下来。如果在L中,但是已经匹配过了,说明匹配重复,也需要从S的下一个位置开始重新匹配,因为匹配要是连续的,中间不允许插入其他不匹配或者重复匹配的单词。需要借助hash或map,如果整个L都匹配完了,就算是一个concatenation;当匹配错误的时候,S右移一个位置。

 

C++实现代码:

#include<iostream>

#include<vector>

#include<string>

#include<map>

using namespace std;



class Solution {

public:

    vector<int> findSubstring(string S, vector<string> &L) {

        vector<int> ret;

        int n=L[0].size();

        if(S.length()<n*L.size())

            return ret;

        map<string,int> mp;//记录L中每一个string出现的次数

        map<string,int> word; //记录在S中找到的L中string的次数,如果大于mp中的,说明找到重复的

        size_t i;

        for(i=0;i<L.size();i++)

            mp[L[i]]++;

        size_t idx=0;

        //idx之后至少还剩下L中所有字符串的长度

        while(idx<=S.length()-n*L.size())

        {

            word.clear();

            int flag=true;

            //i之后至少还剩下一个字符串的长度n,要取n长度的子串

            for(i=idx;i<=idx+n*(L.size()-1);i+=n)

            {

                string tmp=S.substr(i,n);

                if(mp.find(tmp)==mp.end())

                {

                    flag=false;

                    break;

                }

                word[tmp]++;

                if(word[tmp]>mp[tmp])

                {

                    flag=false;

                    break;

                }

            }

            if(flag)

                ret.push_back(idx);

            idx++;

        }

        return ret;

    }

};



int main()

{

    Solution s;

    vector<string> L={"foo", "bar"};

    vector<int> result=s.findSubstring(string("barfoothefoobarman"),L);

    for(auto a:result)

        cout<<a<<" ";

    cout<<endl;

}

 

你可能感兴趣的:(substring)