VS2010 MFC对Excel的操作
这是帮别人做项目遇到的一个问题，的那个是纠结了老长时间，本以为是一件很轻松的事。。。
首先，这里采用了OLE来对Excel进行操作，网上其实有大把的例子，虽然都可以运行，但是并不能满足项目要求，其实我要实现的无非就是增查删改功能。
与网上操作步骤一样，首先就是去OFFICE里面将几个重要的类添加进去。网上有一篇文章其实封装的不错了，只是没有删除与新建功能，这里添加了以上几个功能。下面进入正题。
a. project->add class->MFC class from typelib （项目->添加类->Typelib中的MFC类）,来源里面请选择“注册表” 然后再可选择的类型库中选择“Microsoft Excel ****”这样容易不出错。
b. 选中以下几项_Application,_WorkSheet,_WorkBook,WorkSheets,WorkBooks,Range，然后导入；
c. 导入后自动在工程中添加CApplication,CWorkSheet,CWorkBook,CWorkSheets,CWorkBooks,CRange这些类；然后需要把这些类的头文件中的第一句话 #import ".......EXCEL.EXE" nonamespace 删除；
d.应用程序类CWinApp的InitInstance函数中调用AfxOleInit(); 来初始化COM组件，否则无法打开COM服务器
引入之后如果编译遇到错误，Not enough actual parameters for macro 'DialogBoxW'. 让人头疼！
解决方法是在CRange类中，
VARIANT DialogBox()
{
VARIANT result;
InvokeHelper(0xf5, DISPATCH_METHOD, VT_VARIANT, (void*)&result, NULL);
return result;
}
DialogBox()前面添加下划线变成_DialogBox()，解决了！
下面就是对Excel操作的函数封装了。
BasicExcelOperate.h
#pragma once //OLE的头文件 #include "CRange.h" #include "CWorkbook.h" #include "CWorkbooks.h" #include "CWorksheet.h" #include "CWorksheets.h" #include "CApplication.h" /// ///用于OLE的方式的EXCEL读写， class IllusionExcelFile { public: //构造函数和析构函数 IllusionExcelFile(); virtual ~IllusionExcelFile(); void CreateExcelFile(CString filename); void ClearExcelValue(long iRow, long iColumn); protected: ///打开的EXCEL文件名称 CString open_excel_file_; ///EXCEL BOOK集合，（多个文件时） CWorkbooks excel_books_; ///当前使用的BOOK，当前处理的文件 CWorkbook excel_work_book_; ///EXCEL的sheets集合 CWorksheets excel_sheets_; ///当前使用sheet CWorksheet excel_work_sheet_; ///当前的操作区域 CRange excel_current_range_; ///是否已经预加载了某个sheet的数据 BOOL already_preload_; ///Create the SAFEARRAY from the VARIANT ret. COleSafeArray ole_safe_array_; protected: ///EXCEL的进程实例 static CApplication excel_application_; public: /// void ShowInExcel(BOOL bShow); ///检查一个CELL是否是字符串 BOOL IsCellString(long iRow, long iColumn); ///检查一个CELL是否是数值 BOOL IsCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn); ///得到一个CELL的String CString GetCellString(long iRow, long iColumn); ///得到整数 int GetCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn); ///得到double的数据 double GetCellDouble(long iRow, long iColumn); ///取得行的总数 int GetRowCount(); ///取得列的总数 int GetColumnCount(); ///使用某个shet，shit，shit BOOL LoadSheet(long table_index,BOOL pre_load = FALSE); ///通过名称使用某个sheet， BOOL LoadSheet(LPCTSTR sheet,BOOL pre_load = FALSE); ///通过序号取得某个Sheet的名称 CString GetSheetName(long table_index); ///得到Sheet的总数 int GetSheetCount(); ///打开文件 BOOL OpenExcelFile(LPCTSTR file_name); ///关闭打开的Excel 文件，有时候打开EXCEL文件就要 void CloseExcelFile(BOOL if_save = FALSE); //另存为一个EXCEL文件 void SaveasXSLFile(const CString &xls_file); ///取得打开文件的名称 CString GetOpenFileName(); ///取得打开sheet的名称 CString GetLoadSheetName(); ///写入一个CELL一个int void SetCellInt(long irow, long icolumn,int new_int); ///写入一个CELL一个string void SetCellString(long irow, long icolumn,CString new_string); public: ///初始化EXCEL OLE static BOOL InitExcel(); ///释放EXCEL的 OLE static void ReleaseExcel(); ///取得列的名称，比如27->AA static char *GetColumnName(long iColumn); protected: //预先加载 void PreLoadSheet(); };
BasicExcelOperate.c
#include "MyExcel.h" COleVariant covTrue((short)TRUE), covFalse((short)FALSE), covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR); // CApplication IllusionExcelFile::excel_application_; IllusionExcelFile::IllusionExcelFile(): already_preload_(FALSE) { } IllusionExcelFile::~IllusionExcelFile() { // CloseExcelFile(); } //初始化EXCEL文件， BOOL IllusionExcelFile::InitExcel() { CoUninitialize(); if(CoInitialize(NULL)==S_FALSE) { AfxMessageBox(_T("初始化COM支持库失败！")); return FALSE; } //创建Excel 2000服务器(启动Excel) if (!excel_application_.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application"),NULL)) { AfxMessageBox(_T("创建Excel服务失败,你可能没有安装EXCEL，请检查!")); return FALSE; } excel_application_.put_DisplayAlerts(FALSE); return TRUE; } // void IllusionExcelFile::ReleaseExcel() { excel_application_.Quit(); excel_application_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_application_=NULL; } //打开excel文件 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::OpenExcelFile(LPCTSTR file_name) { //先关闭 CloseExcelFile(); //利用模板文件建立新文档 excel_books_.AttachDispatch(excel_application_.get_Workbooks(),true); LPDISPATCH lpDis = NULL; lpDis = excel_books_.Add(COleVariant(file_name)); if (lpDis) { excel_work_book_.AttachDispatch(lpDis); //得到Worksheets excel_sheets_.AttachDispatch(excel_work_book_.get_Worksheets(),true); //记录打开的文件名称 open_excel_file_ = file_name; return TRUE; } return FALSE; } //关闭打开的Excel 文件,默认情况不保存文件 void IllusionExcelFile::CloseExcelFile(BOOL if_save) { //如果已经打开，关闭文件 if (open_excel_file_.IsEmpty() == FALSE) { //如果保存,交给用户控制,让用户自己存，如果自己SAVE，会出现莫名的等待 if (if_save) { ShowInExcel(TRUE); } else { // excel_work_book_.Close(COleVariant(short(FALSE)),COleVariant(open_excel_file_),covOptional); excel_books_.Close(); } //打开文件的名称清空 open_excel_file_.Empty(); } excel_sheets_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_work_sheet_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_current_range_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_work_book_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_books_.ReleaseDispatch(); } void IllusionExcelFile::SaveasXSLFile(const CString &xls_file) { excel_work_book_.SaveAs(COleVariant(xls_file), covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, 0, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional); return; } int IllusionExcelFile::GetSheetCount() { return excel_sheets_.get_Count(); } CString IllusionExcelFile::GetSheetName(long table_index) { CWorksheet sheet; sheet.AttachDispatch(excel_sheets_.get_Item(COleVariant((long)table_index)),true); CString name = sheet.get_Name(); sheet.ReleaseDispatch(); return name; } //按照序号加载Sheet表格,可以提前加载所有的表格内部数据 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::LoadSheet(long table_index,BOOL pre_load) { LPDISPATCH lpDis = NULL; excel_current_range_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_work_sheet_.ReleaseDispatch(); lpDis = excel_sheets_.get_Item(COleVariant((long)table_index)); if (lpDis) { excel_work_sheet_.AttachDispatch(lpDis,true); excel_current_range_.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_Cells(), true); } else { return FALSE; } already_preload_ = FALSE; //如果进行预先加载 if (pre_load) { PreLoadSheet(); already_preload_ = TRUE; } return TRUE; } //按照名称加载Sheet表格,可以提前加载所有的表格内部数据 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::LoadSheet(LPCTSTR sheet,BOOL pre_load) { LPDISPATCH lpDis = NULL; excel_current_range_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_work_sheet_.ReleaseDispatch(); lpDis = excel_sheets_.get_Item(COleVariant(sheet)); if (lpDis) { excel_work_sheet_.AttachDispatch(lpDis,true); excel_current_range_.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_Cells(), true); } else { return FALSE; } // already_preload_ = FALSE; //如果进行预先加载 if (pre_load) { already_preload_ = TRUE; PreLoadSheet(); } return TRUE; } //得到列的总数 int IllusionExcelFile::GetColumnCount() { CRange range; CRange usedRange; usedRange.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_UsedRange(), true); range.AttachDispatch(usedRange.get_Columns(), true); int count = range.get_Count(); usedRange.ReleaseDispatch(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); return count; } //得到行的总数 int IllusionExcelFile::GetRowCount() { CRange range; CRange usedRange; usedRange.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_UsedRange(), true); range.AttachDispatch(usedRange.get_Rows(), true); int count = range.get_Count(); usedRange.ReleaseDispatch(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); return count; } //检查一个CELL是否是字符串 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::IsCellString(long irow, long icolumn) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); COleVariant vResult =range.get_Value2(); //VT_BSTR标示字符串 if(vResult.vt == VT_BSTR) { return TRUE; } return FALSE; } //检查一个CELL是否是数值 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::IsCellInt(long irow, long icolumn) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); COleVariant vResult =range.get_Value2(); //好像一般都是VT_R8 if(vResult.vt == VT_INT || vResult.vt == VT_R8) { return TRUE; } return FALSE; } // CString IllusionExcelFile::GetCellString(long irow, long icolumn) { COleVariant vResult ; CString str; //字符串 if (already_preload_ == FALSE) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); vResult =range.get_Value2(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); } //如果数据依据预先加载了 else { long read_address[2]; VARIANT val; read_address[0] = irow; read_address[1] = icolumn; ole_safe_array_.GetElement(read_address, &val); vResult = val; } if(vResult.vt == VT_BSTR) { str=vResult.bstrVal; } //整数 else if (vResult.vt==VT_INT) { str.Format(_T("%d"),vResult.pintVal); } //8字节的数字 else if (vResult.vt==VT_R8) { str.Format(_T("%0.0f"),vResult.dblVal); } //时间格式 else if(vResult.vt==VT_DATE) { SYSTEMTIME st; VariantTimeToSystemTime(vResult.date, &st); CTime tm(st); str=tm.Format("%Y-%m-%d"); } //单元格空的 else if(vResult.vt==VT_EMPTY) { str=""; } return str; } double IllusionExcelFile::GetCellDouble(long irow, long icolumn) { double rtn_value = 0; COleVariant vresult; //字符串 if (already_preload_ == FALSE) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); vresult =range.get_Value2(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); } //如果数据依据预先加载了 else { long read_address[2]; VARIANT val; read_address[0] = irow; read_address[1] = icolumn; ole_safe_array_.GetElement(read_address, &val); vresult = val; } if (vresult.vt==VT_R8) { rtn_value = vresult.dblVal; } return rtn_value; } //VT_R8 int IllusionExcelFile::GetCellInt(long irow, long icolumn) { int num; COleVariant vresult; if (already_preload_ == FALSE) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); vresult = range.get_Value2(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); } else { long read_address[2]; VARIANT val; read_address[0] = irow; read_address[1] = icolumn; ole_safe_array_.GetElement(read_address, &val); vresult = val; } // num = static_cast<int>(vresult.dblVal); return num; } void IllusionExcelFile::SetCellString(long irow, long icolumn,CString new_string) { COleVariant new_value(new_string); CRange start_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),covOptional); CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)irow -1),COleVariant((long)icolumn -1) ); write_range.put_Value2(new_value); start_range.ReleaseDispatch(); write_range.ReleaseDispatch(); } void IllusionExcelFile::SetCellInt(long irow, long icolumn,int new_int) { COleVariant new_value((long)new_int); CRange start_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),covOptional); CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)irow -1),COleVariant((long)icolumn -1) ); write_range.put_Value2(new_value); start_range.ReleaseDispatch(); write_range.ReleaseDispatch(); } // void IllusionExcelFile::ShowInExcel(BOOL bShow) { excel_application_.put_Visible(bShow); excel_application_.put_UserControl(bShow); } //返回打开的EXCEL文件名称 CString IllusionExcelFile::GetOpenFileName() { return open_excel_file_; } //取得打开sheet的名称 CString IllusionExcelFile::GetLoadSheetName() { return excel_work_sheet_.get_Name(); } //取得列的名称，比如27->AA char *IllusionExcelFile::GetColumnName(long icolumn) { static char column_name[64]; size_t str_len = 0; while(icolumn > 0) { int num_data = icolumn % 26; icolumn /= 26; if (num_data == 0) { num_data = 26; icolumn--; } column_name[str_len] = (char)((num_data-1) + 'A' ); str_len ++; } column_name[str_len] = '\0'; //反转 _strrev(column_name); return column_name; } //预先加载 void IllusionExcelFile::PreLoadSheet() { CRange used_range; used_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_UsedRange(); VARIANT ret_ary = used_range.get_Value2(); if (!(ret_ary.vt & VT_ARRAY)) { return; } // ole_safe_array_.Clear(); ole_safe_array_.Attach(ret_ary); } void IllusionExcelFile::ClearExcelValue(long iRow, long iColumn) { CRange start_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),covOptional); CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)iRow -1),COleVariant((long)iColumn -1) ); write_range.Clear(); start_range.ReleaseDispatch(); write_range.ReleaseDispatch(); } void IllusionExcelFile::CreateExcelFile(CString filename) { CApplication app; CWorkbook book; CWorkbooks books; CWorksheet sheet; CWorksheets sheets; CRange range; CFont font; CRange cols; LPDISPATCH lpDisp; COleVariant covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND,VT_ERROR); if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application"))) { AfxMessageBox(_T("无法创建Excel应用！")); } books = app.get_Workbooks(); //打开Excel，其中pathname为Excel表的路径名 book = books.Add(covOptional); sheets = book.get_Worksheets(); book.SaveAs(COleVariant(filename), covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, 0, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional); book.Close(COleVariant(short(FALSE)),COleVariant(filename),covOptional); books.Close(); //app.put_UserControl(TRUE); range.ReleaseDispatch(); sheet.ReleaseDispatch(); sheets.ReleaseDispatch(); book.ReleaseDispatch(); books.ReleaseDispatch(); app.ReleaseDispatch(); }
最后编译时可能会提示你忘记添加#include "StdAfx.h"，只要在 BasicExcelOperate.c文件的最上方添加#include "StdAfx.h"，就可以了
参考：http://blog.csdn.net/superbfly/article/details/18040445