python sanic教程_基于python3.5+的web框架sanic中文入门教程
简介
sanic是一款用python3.5+写的web framework，用法和flask类似，sanic的特点是非常快
github官网：https://github.com/channelcat…
速度比较
框架
实现基础
每秒请求数
平均时间
Sanic
Python 3.5 + uvloop
30,601
3.23ms
Wheezy
gunicorn + meinheld
20,244
4.94ms
Falcon
gunicorn + meinheld
18,972
5.27ms
Bottle
gunicorn + meinheld
13,596
7.36ms
Flask
gunicorn + meinheld
4,988
20.08ms
Kyoukai
Python 3.5 + uvloop
3,889
27.44ms
Aiohttp
Python 3.5 + uvloop
2,979
33.42ms
安装
环境：python3.5+
python -m pip install sanic
Hello World
创建文件main.py，写入下面的内容
from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import json
app = Sanic(__name__)
@app.route("/")
async def test(request):
return json({ "hello": "world" })
app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
运行python3 main.py
sanic是不是看起来和flask一样
Request
属性
request.files (dictionary of File objects) – 上传文件列表
request.json (any) – json数据
request.args (dict) – get数据
request.form (dict) – post表单数据
例子
from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import json
@app.route("/json")
def post_json(request):
return json({ "received": True, "message": request.json })
@app.route("/form")
def post_json(request):
return json({ "received": True, "form_data": request.form, "test": request.form.get('test') })
@app.route("/files")
def post_json(request):
test_file = request.files.get('test')
file_parameters = {
'body': test_file.body,
'name': test_file.name,
'type': test_file.type,
}
return json({ "received": True, "file_names": request.files.keys(), "test_file_parameters": file_parameters })
@app.route("/query_string")
def query_string(request):
return json({ "parsed": True, "args": request.args, "url": request.url, "query_string": request.query_string })
路由
和flask差不多，一看就懂
from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import text
@app.route('/tag/')
async def person_handler(request, tag):
return text('Tag - {}'.format(tag))
@app.route('/number/')
async def person_handler(request, integer_arg):
return text('Integer - {}'.format(integer_arg))
@app.route('/number/')
async def person_handler(request, number_arg):
return text('Number - {}'.format(number))
@app.route('/person/')
async def person_handler(request, name):
return text('Person - {}'.format(name))
@app.route('/folder/')
async def folder_handler(request, folder_id):
return text('Folder - {}'.format(folder_id))
注册中间件
app = Sanic(__name__)
@app.middleware
async def halt_request(request):
print("I am a spy")
@app.middleware('request')
async def halt_request(request):
return text('I halted the request')
@app.middleware('response')
async def halt_response(request, response):
return text('I halted the response')
@app.route('/')
async def handler(request):
return text('I would like to speak now please')
app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
异常处理
抛出异常
from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.exceptions import ServerError
@app.route('/killme')
def i_am_ready_to_die(request):
raise ServerError("Something bad happened")
处理异常
from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import text
from sanic.exceptions import NotFound
@app.exception(NotFound)
def ignore_404s(request, exception):
return text("Yep, I totally found the page: {}".format(request.url))
蓝图
和flask中的蓝图一样，用于组织项目结构
创建一个蓝图，相当于创建一个sanic app,上面的用法和上面相同，把app改成蓝图名称bp
from sanic.response import json
from sanic import Blueprint
bp = Blueprint('my_blueprint')
@bp.route('/')
async def bp_root():
return json({'my': 'blueprint'})
蓝图注册到主app
from sanic import Sanic
from my_blueprint import bp
app = Sanic(__name__)
app.register_blueprint(bp)
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8000, debug=True)
总结
sanic将是一个非常流行的框架．因为它基于python3.5+，使用了许多新的特性，这些特性让程序速度更快．