Web自动化测试-计算器案例

项目框架如下图： 

 1.base

1.1base

base完成的测试所需的操作的封装，有查找定位，点击，获取值，截屏

import time

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait


class Base:
    def __init__(self, driver):
        # 确保类的init方法接收一个driver参数，并将其保存为实例变量
        self.driver = driver

    def base_find_element(self, loc, timeout=30, poll=0.5):
        return WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout=timeout, poll_frequency=poll).until(lambda x: x.find_element(*loc))

    def base_click(self, loc):
        self.base_find_element(loc).click()

    def base_get_value(self, loc):
        return self.base_find_element(loc).get_attribute("value")

    def base_get_img(self):
        return self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file("img/{}.png".format(time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S")))

1.2driver

将浏览器的打开与关闭的操作分离，下面用到的是单例的思想

from selenium import webdriver

from script05.计算器案例 import page


class GetDriver:
    driver = None

    @classmethod
    def get_driver(cls):
        if cls.driver is None:
            cls.driver = webdriver.Edge()
            cls.driver.maximize_window()
            cls.driver.get(page.url)
        # 采用了单例的思想,driver的地址不变
        return cls.driver

    @classmethod
    def quit_driver(cls):
        if cls.driver:
            # 使用quit关闭之后，driver的内容会消失，但会留下driver本身的地址
            cls.driver.quit()
            # 多条例需要重新为None，重新置空后，driver的地址也没了
            cls.driver = None

2.data

2.1calc.json

测试用例

{
  "clac_001": {"a": 1,"b": 2,"expect": 3},
  "clac_002": {"a": 11,"b": 21,"expect": 32}
}

3.img

保存截图的软件包

4.page

4.1__init__

将测试所用到的页面数据全部结合到这里，且调用page时会自动获取

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

url = "http://cal.apple886.com/"

clac_add = By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#simpleAdd"

# clac_reduce=By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#simpleSubtr"

clac_eq = By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#simpleEqual"

clac_result = By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#resultIpt"

clac_clear = By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#simpleClearAllBtn"

4.2page_calc

page页面相关，里面的方法对应的测试所用到的页面元素

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from script05.计算器案例.base.base import Base
from script05.计算器案例 import page


class PageClac(Base):
    def page_click_num(self, num):
        for n in str(num):
            # 元组(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#simple{}")
            loc = By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#simple{}".format(n)
            self.base_click(loc)

    def page_click_add(self):
        self.base_click(page.clac_add)

    def page_click_eq(self):
        self.base_click(page.clac_eq)

    def page_get_value(self):
        return self.base_get_value(page.clac_result)

    def page_click_clear(self):
        self.base_click(page.clac_clear)

    def page_get_img(self):
        self.base_get_img()

    def page_add_calc(self, num1, num2):
        self.page_click_num(num1)
        self.page_click_add()
        self.page_click_num(num2)
        self.page_click_eq()

5.script

5.1test01_calc

测试的执行过程十分明了，获取用例数据，打开浏览器，输入用例，完成操作步骤，比对预期与实际结果

import json
import unittest
from script05.计算器案例.tools.read_json import read_json
from script05.计算器案例.base.driver import GetDriver
from script05.计算器案例.page.page_calc import PageClac
from parameterized import parameterized


# 此函数除了获取数据之外，还对数据进行加工，以达到所需的数据类型
def get_data():
    # 这里调用了tool中的read_json方法将数据提取出来
    datas = read_json("calc.json")
    arr = []
    for data in datas.values():
        arr.append((data['a'], data['b'], data['expect']))
    return arr


class TestClac(unittest.TestCase):
    driver = None

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        cls.driver = GetDriver().get_driver()
        # cls.driver会通过PageClac保存到base的driver中
        cls.clac = PageClac(cls.driver)

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        # # 这里是不会给提示的，这里的driver是base的，让base关闭浏览器
        # cls.clac.driver.quit()

        GetDriver().quit_driver()

    @parameterized.expand(get_data())
    def test_add(self, num1, num2, expect):
        self.clac.page_add_calc(num1, num2)
        try:
            result = self.clac.page_get_value()
            print("期望结果：", result, "实际结果", expect)
            self.assertEqual(result, str(expect))
        except AssertionError:
            self.clac.page_get_img()
            print("计算错误")

6.tools

6.1read_json

这是一个小工具，方便打开测试数据的文件

import json


def read_json(filename):
    filepath = "../data/" + filename
    with open(filepath, encoding="utf-8") as f:
        return json.load(f)


# 用于在本方法中进行测试,对外部调用无影响
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 在read_json方法中加入data下对应文件的名称即可使用
    data = read_json("calc.json")
    print(data)
    # 期望：[(1, 2, 3), (11, 21, 32)]
    # 实际：{'clac_001': {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'expect': 3}....
    # 由此可用以下方式解决
    # 传输的参数不需要alac_00x、a、b和expect,故需要将其一一清除
    # parameterized只接受元组数据，故n['a'], n['b'], n['expect']需要加上()
    # 还需要创建一个列表，将每组元组数据放入,这还需要列表的append方法
    arr = []
    # data.values()清除alac_00x
    for n in data.values():
        print(n)
        # n[' ']清除a、b和expect
        arr.append((n['a'], n['b'], n['expect']))
    print(arr)