Delphi基本图像处理代码

Delphi基本图像处理代码

//浮雕
procedure Emboss(SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;AzimuthChange:integer);overload;
var
  i, j, Gray, Azimuthvalue, R, G, B: integer;
  SrcRGB, SrcRGB1, SrcRGB2, DestRGB: pRGBTriple;
begin
  for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do
  begin
    SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];
    DestRGB := DestBmp.ScanLine[i];

    if (AzimuthChange >= -180) and (AzimuthChange < -135) then
    begin
      if i > 0 then
        SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]
      else
        SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;
      Inc(SrcRGB1);
      SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;
      Inc(SrcRGB2);
    end
    else if (AzimuthChange >= -135) and (AzimuthChange < -90) then
    begin
      if i > 0 then
        SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]
      else
        SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;
      SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;
      Inc(SrcRGB2);
    end
    else if (AzimuthChange >= -90) and (AzimuthChange < -45) then
    begin
      if i > 0 then
        SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]
      else
        SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;
      SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;
    end
    else if (AzimuthChange >= -45) and (AzimuthChange < 0) then
    begin
      SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;
      if i > 0 then
        SrcRGB2 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]
      else
        SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;
    end
    else if (AzimuthChange >= 0) and (AzimuthChange < 45) then
    begin
      SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;
      if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then
        SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]
      else
        SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;
    end
    else if (AzimuthChange >= 45) and (AzimuthChange < 90) then
    begin
      if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then
        SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]
      else
        SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;
      SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;
    end
    else if (AzimuthChange >= 90) and (AzimuthChange < 135) then
    begin
      if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then
        SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]
      else
        SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;
      SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;
      Inc(SrcRGB1);
    end
    else if (AzimuthChange >= 135) and (AzimuthChange <= 180) then
    begin
      if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then
        SrcRGB2 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]
      else
        SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;
      Inc(SrcRGB2);
      SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;
      Inc(SrcRGB1);
    end;

    for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do
    begin
      if (AzimuthChange >= -180) and (AzimuthChange < -135) then
      begin
        Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 180;
        R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
      end
      else if (AzimuthChange >= -135) and (AzimuthChange < -90) then
      begin
        Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 135;
        R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
      end
      else if (AzimuthChange >= -90) and (AzimuthChange < -45) then
      begin
        if j=1 then Inc(SrcRGB1,-1);
        Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 90;
        R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
      end
      else if (AzimuthChange >= -45) and (AzimuthChange < 0) then
      begin
        if j=1 then
        begin
          Inc(SrcRGB1,-1);
          Inc(SrcRGB2,-1);
        end;
        Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 45;
        R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
      end
      else if (AzimuthChange >= 0) and (AzimuthChange < 45) then
      begin
        if j=1 then
        begin
          Inc(SrcRGB1,-1);
          Inc(SrcRGB2,-1);
        end;
        Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange;
        R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
      end
      else if (AzimuthChange >= 45) and (AzimuthChange < 90) then
      begin
        if j=1 then Inc(SrcRGB2,-1);
        Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange - 45;
        R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
      end
      else if (AzimuthChange >= 90) and (AzimuthChange < 135) then
      begin
        Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange - 90;
        R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
      end
      else if (AzimuthChange >= 135) and (AzimuthChange <= 180) then
      begin
        Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange - 135;
        R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
        B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;
      end;
      R:=Min(R,255);
      R:=Max(R,0);
      G:=Min(G,255);
      G:=Max(G,0);
      B:=Min(B,255);
      B:=Max(B,0);
      Gray := (R shr 2) + (R shr 4) + (G shr 1) + (G shr 4) + (B shr 3);
      DestRGB.rgbtRed:=Gray;
      DestRGB.rgbtGreen:=Gray;
      DestRGB.rgbtBlue:=Gray;
      if (j=-180) and (AzimuthChange<-135)) or ((AzimuthChange>=90) and (AzimuthChange<=180))) then
      begin
        Inc(SrcRGB1);
      end;
      if (j=135) and (AzimuthChange<180)) or ((AzimuthChange>=-180) and (AzimuthChange<=-90))) then
      begin
        Inc(SrcRGB2);
      end;
      Inc(SrcRGB);
      Inc(DestRGB);
    end;
  end;
end;

procedure Emboss(Bmp:TBitmap;AzimuthChange:integer;ElevationChange:integer;WeightChange:integer);overload;
var
  DestBmp:TBitmap;
begin
  DestBmp:=TBitmap.Create;
  DestBmp.Assign(Bmp);
  Emboss(Bmp,DestBmp,AzimuthChange,ElevationChange,WeightChange);
  Bmp.Assign(DestBmp);
end;

//反色
procedure Negative(Bmp:TBitmap);
var
  i, j: Integer;
  PRGB: pRGBTriple;
begin
  Bmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;
  for i := 0 to Bmp.Height - 1 do
  begin
    PRGB := Bmp.ScanLine[i];
    for j := 0 to Bmp.Width - 1 do
    begin
      PRGB^.rgbtRed :=not PRGB^.rgbtRed ;
      PRGB^.rgbtGreen :=not PRGB^.rgbtGreen;
      PRGB^.rgbtBlue :=not PRGB^.rgbtBlue;
      Inc(PRGB);
    end;
  end;
end;

//曝光
procedure Exposure(Bmp:TBitmap);
var
  i, j: integer;
  PRGB: pRGBTriple;
begin
  Bmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;
  for i := 0 to Bmp.Height - 1 do
  begin
    PRGB := Bmp.ScanLine[i];
    for j := 0 to Bmp.Width - 1 do
    begin
      if PRGB^.rgbtRed<128 then
        PRGB^.rgbtRed :=not PRGB^.rgbtRed ;
      if PRGB^.rgbtGreen<128 then
        PRGB^.rgbtGreen :=not PRGB^.rgbtGreen;
      if PRGB^.rgbtBlue<128 then
        PRGB^.rgbtBlue :=not PRGB^.rgbtBlue;
      Inc(PRGB);
    end;
  end;
end;

//模糊
procedure Blur(SrcBmp:TBitmap);
var
  i, j:Integer;
  SrcRGB:pRGBTriple;
  SrcNextRGB:pRGBTriple;
  SrcPreRGB:pRGBTriple;
  Value:Integer;

  procedure IncRGB;
  begin
    Inc(SrcPreRGB);
    Inc(SrcRGB);
    Inc(SrcNextRGB);
  end;

  procedure DecRGB;
  begin
    Inc(SrcPreRGB,-1);
    Inc(SrcRGB,-1);
    Inc(SrcNextRGB,-1);
  end;

begin
  SrcBmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;
  for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do
  begin
    if i > 0 then
      SrcPreRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]
    else
      SrcPreRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];
    SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];
    if i < SrcBmp.Height - 1 then
      SrcNextRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]
    else
      SrcNextRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];
    for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do
    begin
      if j > 0 then DecRGB;
      Value:=SrcPreRGB.rgbtRed+SrcRGB.rgbtRed+SrcNextRGB.rgbtRed;
      if j > 0 then IncRGB;
      Value:=Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtRed+SrcRGB.rgbtRed+SrcNextRGB.rgbtRed;
      if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then IncRGB;
      Value:=(Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtRed+SrcRGB.rgbtRed+SrcNextRGB.rgbtRed) div 9;
      DecRGB;
      SrcRGB.rgbtRed:=value;
      if j > 0 then DecRGB;
      Value:=SrcPreRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcNextRGB.rgbtGreen;
      if j > 0 then IncRGB;
      Value:=Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcNextRGB.rgbtGreen;
      if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then IncRGB;
      Value:=(Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcNextRGB.rgbtGreen) div 9;
      DecRGB;
      SrcRGB.rgbtGreen:=value;
      if j > 0 then DecRGB;
      Value:=SrcPreRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcNextRGB.rgbtBlue;
      if j > 0 then IncRGB;
      Value:=Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcNextRGB.rgbtBlue;
      if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then IncRGB;
      Value:=(Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcNextRGB.rgbtBlue) div 9;
      DecRGB;
      SrcRGB.rgbtBlue:=value;
      IncRGB;
    end;
  end;
end;

//锐化
procedure Sharpen(SrcBmp:TBitmap);
var
  i, j: integer;
  SrcRGB: pRGBTriple;
  SrcPreRGB: pRGBTriple;
  Value: integer;
begin
  SrcBmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;
  for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do
  begin
    SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];
    if i > 0 then
      SrcPreRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]
    else
      SrcPreRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];
    for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do
    begin
      if j = 1 then Dec(SrcPreRGB);
      Value:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed+(SrcRGB.rgbtRed-SrcPreRGB.rgbtRed) div 2;
      Value:=Max(0,Value);
      Value:=Min(255,Value);
      SrcRGB.rgbtRed:=value;
      Value:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen+(SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-SrcPreRGB.rgbtGreen) div 2;
      Value:=Max(0,Value);
      Value:=Min(255,Value);
      SrcRGB.rgbtGreen:=value;
      Value:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue+(SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-SrcPreRGB.rgbtBlue) div 2;
      Value:=Max(0,Value);
      Value:=Min(255,Value);
      SrcRGB.rgbtBlue:=value;
      Inc(SrcRGB);
      Inc(SrcPreRGB);
    end;
  end;
end;
 [图像的旋转和翻转]

以下代码用ScanLine配合指针移动实现,用于24位色!

//旋转90度
procedure Rotate90(const Bitmap:TBitmap);
var
  i,j:Integer;
  rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;
  Bmp:TBitmap;
  Width,Height:Integer;
begin
  Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;
  Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Height;
  Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Width;
  Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;
  Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;
  Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;
  for  j := 0 to Height do
  begin
    rowIn  := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];
    for i := 0 to Width do
    begin
      rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[i];
      Inc(rowOut,Height - j);
      rowOut^ := rowIn^;
      Inc(rowIn);
    end;
  end;
  Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);
end;

//旋转180度
procedure Rotate180(const Bitmap:TBitmap);
var
  i,j:Integer;
  rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;
  Bmp:TBitmap;
  Width,Height:Integer;
begin
  Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;
  Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Width;
  Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Height;
  Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;
  Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;
  Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;
  for  j := 0 to Height do
  begin
    rowIn  := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];
    for i := 0 to Width do
    begin
      rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[Height - j];
      Inc(rowOut,Width - i);
      rowOut^ := rowIn^;
      Inc(rowIn);
    end;
  end;
  Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);
end;

//旋转270度
procedure Rotate270(const Bitmap:TBitmap);
var
  i,j:Integer;
  rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;
  Bmp:TBitmap;
  Width,Height:Integer;
begin
  Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;
  Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Height;
  Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Width;
  Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;
  Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;
  Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;
  for  j := 0 to Height do
  begin
    rowIn  := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];
    for i := 0 to Width do
    begin
      rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[Width - i];
      Inc(rowOut,j);
      rowOut^ := rowIn^;
      Inc(rowIn);
    end;
  end;
  Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);
end;

//任意角度
function RotateBitmap(Bitmap:TBitmap;Angle:Integer;BackColor:TColor):TBitmap;
var
  i,j,iOriginal,jOriginal,CosPoint,SinPoint : integer;
  RowOriginal,RowRotated : pRGBTriple;
  SinTheta,CosTheta : Extended;
  AngleAdd : integer;
begin
  Result:=TBitmap.Create;
  Result.PixelFormat := pf24bit;
  Result.Canvas.Brush.Color:=BackColor;
  Angle:=Angle Mod 360;
  if Angle<0 then Angle:=360-Abs(Angle);
  if Angle=0 then
    Result.Assign(Bitmap)
  else if Angle=90 then
  begin
    Result.Assign(Bitmap);
    Rotate90(Result);//如果是旋转90度,直接调用上面的代码
  end
  else if (Angle>90) and (Angle<180) then
  begin
    AngleAdd:=90;
    Angle:=Angle-AngleAdd;
  end
  else if Angle=180 then
  begin
    Result.Assign(Bitmap);
    Rotate180(Result);//如果是旋转180度,直接调用上面的过程
  end
  else if (Angle>180) and (Angle<270) then
  begin
    AngleAdd:=180;
    Angle:=Angle-AngleAdd;
  end
  else if Angle=270 then
  begin
    Result.Assign(Bitmap);
    Rotate270(Result);//如果是旋转270度,直接调用上面的过程
  end
  else if (Angle>270) and (Angle<360) then
  begin
    AngleAdd:=270;
    Angle:=Angle-AngleAdd;
  end
  else
    AngleAdd:=0;
  if (Angle>0) and (Angle<90) then
  begin
  SinCos((Angle + AngleAdd) * Pi / 180, SinTheta, CosTheta);
  if (SinTheta * CosTheta) < 0 then
  begin
    Result.Width := Round(Abs(Bitmap.Width * CosTheta - Bitmap.Height * SinTheta));
    Result.Height := Round(Abs(Bitmap.Width * SinTheta - Bitmap.Height * CosTheta));
  end
  else
  begin
    Result.Width := Round(Abs(Bitmap.Width * CosTheta + Bitmap.Height * SinTheta));
    Result.Height := Round(Abs(Bitmap.Width * SinTheta + Bitmap.Height * CosTheta));
  end;
  CosTheta:=Abs(CosTheta);
  SinTheta:=Abs(SinTheta);
  if (AngleAdd=0) or (AngleAdd=180) then
  begin
    CosPoint:=Round(Bitmap.Height*CosTheta);
    SinPoint:=Round(Bitmap.Height*SinTheta);
  end
  else
  begin
    SinPoint:=Round(Bitmap.Width*CosTheta);
    CosPoint:=Round(Bitmap.Width*SinTheta);
  end;
  for j := 0 to Result.Height-1 do
  begin
    RowRotated := Result.Scanline[j];
    for i := 0 to Result.Width-1 do
    begin
      Case AngleAdd of
        0:
        begin
          jOriginal := Round((j+1)*CosTheta-(i+1-SinPoint)*SinTheta)-1;
          iOriginal := Round((i+1)*CosTheta-(CosPoint-j-1)*SinTheta)-1;
        end;
        90:
        begin
          iOriginal := Round((j+1)*SinTheta-(i+1-SinPoint)*CosTheta)-1;
          jOriginal := Bitmap.Height-Round((i+1)*SinTheta-(CosPoint-j-1)*CosTheta);
        end;
        180:
        begin
          jOriginal := Bitmap.Height-Round((j+1)*CosTheta-(i+1-SinPoint)*SinTheta);
          iOriginal := Bitmap.Width-Round((i+1)*CosTheta-(CosPoint-j-1)*SinTheta);
        end;
        270:
        begin
          iOriginal := Bitmap.Width-Round((j+1)*SinTheta-(i+1-SinPoint)*CosTheta);
          jOriginal := Round((i+1)*SinTheta-(CosPoint-j-1)*CosTheta)-1;
        end;
      end;
      if (iOriginal >= 0) and (iOriginal <= Bitmap.Width-1)and
         (jOriginal >= 0) and (jOriginal <= Bitmap.Height-1)
      then
      begin
        RowOriginal := Bitmap.Scanline[jOriginal];
        Inc(RowOriginal,iOriginal);
        RowRotated^ := RowOriginal^;
        Inc(RowRotated);
      end
      else
      begin
        Inc(RowRotated);
      end;
    end;
  end;
  end;
end;

//水平翻转
procedure FlipHorz(const Bitmap:TBitmap);
var
  i,j:Integer;
  rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;
  Bmp:TBitmap;
  Width,Height:Integer;
begin
  Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;
  Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Width;
  Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Height;
  Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;
  Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;
  Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;
  for  j := 0 to Height do
  begin
    rowIn  := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];
    for i := 0 to Width do
    begin
      rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[j];
      Inc(rowOut,Width - i);
      rowOut^ := rowIn^;
      Inc(rowIn);
    end;
  end;
  Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);
end;

//垂直翻转
procedure FlipVert(const Bitmap:TBitmap);
var
  i,j:Integer;
  rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;
  Bmp:TBitmap;
  Width,Height:Integer;
begin
  Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;
  Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Height;
  Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Width;
  Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;
  Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;
  Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;
  for  j := 0 to Height do
  begin
    rowIn  := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];
    for i := 0 to Width do
    begin
      rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[Height - j];
      Inc(rowOut,i);
      rowOut^ := rowIn^;
      Inc(rowIn);
    end;
  end;
  Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);
end;

[亮度、对比度、饱和度的调整]

以下代码用ScanLine配合指针移动实现!

function Min(a, b: integer): integer;
begin
  if a < b then
    result := a
  else
    result := b;
end;

function Max(a, b: integer): integer;
begin
  if a > b then
    result := a
  else
    result := b;
end;

//亮度调整
procedure BrightnessChange(const SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;ValueChange:integer);
var
  i, j: integer;
  SrcRGB, DestRGB: pRGBTriple;
begin
  for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do
  begin
    SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];
    DestRGB := DestBmp.ScanLine[i];
    for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do
    begin
      if ValueChange > 0 then
      begin
        DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + ValueChange);
        DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + ValueChange);
        DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + ValueChange);
      end else begin
        DestRGB.rgbtRed := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + ValueChange);
        DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + ValueChange);
        DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + ValueChange);
      end;
      Inc(SrcRGB);
      Inc(DestRGB);
    end;
  end;
end;

//对比度调整
procedure ContrastChange(const SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;ValueChange:integer);
var
  i, j: integer;
  SrcRGB, DestRGB: pRGBTriple;
begin
  for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do
  begin
    SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];
    DestRGB := DestBmp.ScanLine[i];
    for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do
    begin
      if ValueChange>=0 then
      begin
      if SrcRGB.rgbtRed >= 128 then
        DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + ValueChange)
      else
        DestRGB.rgbtRed := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtRed - ValueChange);
      if SrcRGB.rgbtGreen >= 128 then
        DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + ValueChange)
      else
        DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen - ValueChange);
      if SrcRGB.rgbtBlue >= 128 then
        DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + ValueChange)
      else
        DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue - ValueChange);
      end
      else
      begin
      if SrcRGB.rgbtRed >= 128 then
        DestRGB.rgbtRed := Max(128, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + ValueChange)
      else
        DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(128, SrcRGB.rgbtRed - ValueChange);
      if SrcRGB.rgbtGreen >= 128 then
        DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Max(128, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + ValueChange)
      else
        DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(128, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen - ValueChange);
      if SrcRGB.rgbtBlue >= 128 then
        DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Max(128, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + ValueChange)
      else
        DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(128, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue - ValueChange);
      end;
      Inc(SrcRGB);
      Inc(DestRGB);
    end;
  end;
end;

//饱和度调整
procedure SaturationChange(const SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;ValueChange:integer);
var 
  Grays: array[0..767] of Integer;
  Alpha: array[0..255] of Word;
  Gray, x, y: Integer;
  SrcRGB,DestRGB: pRGBTriple;
  i: Byte;
begin
ValueChange:=ValueChange+255;
for i := 0 to 255 do
  Alpha[i] := (i * ValueChange) Shr 8;
x := 0;
for i := 0 to 255 do
begin 
  Gray := i - Alpha[i];
  Grays[x] := Gray;
  Inc(x);
  Grays[x] := Gray;
  Inc(x);
  Grays[x] := Gray;
  Inc(x);
end; 
for y := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do
begin
  SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[Y];
  DestRGB := DestBmp.ScanLine[Y];
  for x := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do
  begin
    Gray := Grays[SrcRGB.rgbtRed + SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + SrcRGB.rgbtBlue];
    if Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtRed]>0 then
      DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(255,Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtRed])
    else
      DestRGB.rgbtRed := 0;
    if Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtGreen]>0 then
      DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(255,Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtGreen])
    else
      DestRGB.rgbtGreen := 0;
    if Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtBlue]>0 then
      DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(255,Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtBlue])
    else
      DestRGB.rgbtBlue := 0;
    Inc(SrcRGB);
    Inc(DestRGB);
  end;
end; 
end;

//RGB调整
procedure RGBChange(SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;RedChange,GreenChange,BlueChange:integer);
var
  SrcRGB, DestRGB: pRGBTriple;
  i,j:integer;
begin
  for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height- 1 do
  begin
    SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];
    DestRGB :=DestBmp.ScanLine[i];
    for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do
    begin
      if RedChange> 0 then
        DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + RedChange)
      else
        DestRGB.rgbtRed := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + RedChange);

      if GreenChange> 0 then
        DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + GreenChange)
      else
        DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + GreenChange);

      if BlueChange> 0 then
        DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + BlueChange)
      else
        DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + BlueChange);
      Inc(SrcRGB);
      Inc(DestRGB);
    end;
  end;
end;

[颜色调整]

//RGB<=>BGR
procedure RGB2BGR(const Bitmap:TBitmap);
var 
  X: Integer; 
  Y: Integer;
  PRGB: pRGBTriple;
  Color: Byte;
begin
  for Y := 0 to (Bitmap.Height - 1) do
  begin
    for X := 0 to (Bitmap.Width - 1) do
    begin
      Color := PRGB^.rgbtRed;
      PRGB^.rgbtRed := PRGB^.rgbtBlue;
      PRGB^.rgbtBlue := Color;
      Inc(PRGB);
    end;
    end
  end;
end;

//灰度化(加权)
procedure Grayscale(const Bitmap:TBitmap);
var 
  X: Integer; 
  Y: Integer; 
  PRGB: pRGBTriple;
  Gray: Byte;
begin
  for Y := 0 to (Bitmap.Height - 1) do
  begin
    PRGB := Bitmap.ScanLine[Y];
    for X := 0 to (Bitmap.Width - 1) do
    begin
      Gray := (77 * Red + 151 * Green + 28 * Blue) shr 8;
      PRGB^.rgbtRed:=Gray;
      PRGB^.rgbtGreen:=Gray;
      PRGB^.rgbtBlue:=Gray;
      Inc(PRGB);
    end;
  end;
end;

理论篇:
关键词:
绘图区-即窗口显示图像的区域,亦可为全屏幕(在全屏幕下绘图的效果比一般窗口下好)
中心点-即要绘图区显示的中心点在原始图像的坐标(声明:这个概念特别重要)
  先说说图像的放大,要放大一张图片,我们一般的做法是直接放大图像,但本文介绍的方法仅放大我们能够看到的部分,放大分两种情况,一种是放大后比绘图区还要小,这种情况没什么好说,当然是显示全部的图像;第二种是放大后的图像比绘图区大,这才是我们今天要讨论的重点话题,这种情况下我们先要确定图像放大后的大小,然后根据“中心点”计算在原始图像的位置和大小,最后把截取的图像放大到绘图区。
  再说说图像的漫游,当显示的图像超过绘图区时,我们需要对图像进行漫游,以便看到全部的图像。原理是:当鼠标在绘图区进行单击时,这时开始漫游,先记录鼠标的单击位置,然后检测鼠标的移动,根据鼠标和上次的位移计算出“中心点”(需要将屏幕坐标转换为原始图像坐标),根据在上面放大的原理到原始图像中取出要显示的部分,放大显示到绘图区。
算法实现篇:
1.图像放大
变量定义:
PZoom:放大率(整数:100时为100%,根据需要可以将 100 该为 10000 或者更大些,但不推荐使用浮点数)
a,b:中心点
w,h:要截取原始图像的宽和高
x,y:要截取的位置(左上角)
sw,sh:原始图像的宽和高
p1,p2:放大比例
aw,ah:放大后图像的大小
pw,ph:绘图区大小
vx,vy:在绘图区显示的位置(左上角)
vw,vh:在绘图区显示的大小
ptx,pty:临时变量
已知的变量:PZoom,(a,b),(sw,sh),(p1,p2),(aw,ah),(pw,ph)
要计算的变量:(x,y),(w,h),(vx,vy),(vw,vh)
开始计算:
aw=Round(PZoom*sw/100);
ah=Round(PZoom*sh/100);
p1=aw/pw
p2=ah/ph
// 注:Round 用于取整,如其他语言的Int(),Fix()等
if p1>1 then w=Round(sw/p1) else w=sw
if p2>1 then h=Round(sh/p2) else h=sh
// 注:shr 为右移运算符,可以使用“>>1”、“div 2”、“\2”或“Round(w/2)”代替
x=a-w shr 1
y=b-h shr 1
// 注:div 为整除运算符
ptx=(w*PZoom) div 100
pty=(h*PZoom) div 100
// 以下计算在绘图区显示的图像大小和位置
变量
    Pencent:double;  // 缩放比
    wx:double;       // 宽缩放比
    hx:double;       // 高缩放比
    // 获得缩放比
    wx:=pw/ptx
    hx:=ph/pty
    if wx>hx then Pencent:=hx
    else          Pencent:=wx;
    // 获得图片最后的大小
    vw:=Round(Pencent*ptx);
    vh:=Round(Pencent*pty);
    // 计算出图片的位置
    vx:=(pw-vw) div 2;
    vy:=(ph-vh) div 2;
// ------------------------------------
好了,两个重要的任务完成(x,y),(w,h),(vx,vy),(vw,vh)已经全部计算得出,下面的工作就是显示了,我们选择 Windows API 进行操作
// 以下显示图像 -----------------------
变量
sDC 为原始图片的设备句柄(DC)
tDC 为临时设备句柄
dDC 最终设备句柄
BitBlt(tDC,0,0,w,h,sDC,0,0,SRCCOPY);
SetStretchBltMode(dDC,STRETCH_DELETESCANS);
StretchBlt(dDC,0,0,vw,vh,tDC,0,0,w,h,SRCCOPY);
最后绘制到显示的区域即可:
例如:BitBlt(GetDC(0),vx,vy,vx+vw,xy+vh,dDC,0,0,SRCCOPY);
// ------------------------------------
2.图像漫游
先定义三个全局变量:
FBeginDragPoint   :TPoint;         // 记录鼠标开始拖动的位置
FBeginDragSBPoint :TPoint;         // 记录“中心点”位置
FBeginDrag        :boolean;        // 是否已经开始“拖动”
a,b               :integer;        // “中心点”位置
在鼠标左键点击时,记录鼠标的位置和“中心点”的位置,同时设置 FBeginDrag 为真
当鼠标右键弹起时,设置 FBeginDrag 为假
鼠标移动时,判断 FBeginDrag ,如果为假不进行处理,如果为真进行下面处理:
假设 X,Y 为鼠标当前的位置
a=FBeginDragPoint.X-((X-FBeginDragPoint.X)*100) div PZoom
b=FBeginDragPoint.Y-((Y-FBeginDragPoint.Y)*100) div PZoom
最后使用上面介绍的图像放大显示出图像
技巧篇:
1.如果图像较大,使用 delphi 的 位图对象会出现内存溢出错误,这时可以进行如下设置:
    bitImage:=TBitmap.Create;
    bitImage.PixelFormat:=pf24bit;
    bitImage.ReleaseHandle;
2.如果要让图像自动适应窗口的大小,参考以下代码:
var
    p1,p2       :double;
begin
    p1:=pw/sw;
    p2:=ph/sw;
    if p1>p2 then PZoom:=Round(p2*100)
    else          PZoom:=Round(p1*100);
    if PZoom=0 then PZoom:=100;
end;

Delphi灰度图像像素颜色亮度处理
  在图像处理中,速度是很重要的。因此,我们得重新处理一下TBitmap,得到TVczhBitmap。这只是因为GetPixelsSetPixels的速度太慢,换一个方法而已。
  unit untBitmapProc;
  interface
  uses Graphics, SysUtils;
  type
  TVczhBitmap=class(TBitmap)
  private
  Data:PByteArray;
  Line:Integer;
  procedure SetFormat;
  function GetBytePointer(X,Y:Integer):PByte;
  procedure SetBytes(X,Y:Integer;Value:Byte);
  function GetBytes(X,Y:Integer):Byte;
  protected
  published
  constructor Create;
  public
  property Bytes[X,Y:Integer]:Byte read GetBytes write SetBytes;
  procedure LoadFromFile(FileName:String);
  procedure ToGray;
  end;
  implementation
  procedure TVczhBitmap.SetFormat;
  begin
  HandleType:=bmDIB;
  PixelFormat:=pf24bit;
  end;
  function TVczhBitmap.GetBytePointer(X,Y:Integer):PByte;
  begin
  if Line<>Y then
  begin
  Line:=Y;
  Data:=ScanLine[Y];
  end;
  Longint(result):=Longint(Data)+X;
  end;
  procedure TVczhBitmap.SetBytes(X,Y:Integer;Value:Byte);
  begin
  GetBytePointer(X,Y)^:=Value;
  end;
  function TVczhBitmap.GetBytes(X,Y:Integer):Byte;
  begin
  result:=GetBytePointer(X,Y)^;
  end;
  constructor TVczhBitmap.Create;
  begin
  inherited Create;
  SetFormat;
  Line:=-1;
  end;
  procedure TVczhBitmap.LoadFromFile(FileName:String);
  begin
  inherited LoadFromFile(FileName);
  SetFormat;
  Line:=-1;
  end;
  procedure TVczhBitmap.ToGray;
  var X,Y,R:Integer;
  B:Byte;
  begin
  for Y:=0 to Height-1 do
  for X:=0 to Width-1 do
  begin
  R:=0;
  for B:=0 to 2 do
  R:=R+GetBytes(X*3+B,Y);
  for B:=0 to 2 do
  SetBytes(X*3+B,Y,R div 3);
  end;
  end;
  end.
  此后,我们需要建立几个窗体。第一个用来显示图片,第二个用来处理图片,其他的窗体都继承自第二个窗体,包含实际的处理方法。
  先看第二个窗口:
  unit untProc;
  interface
  uses
  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
  Dialogs, ExtCtrls, untBitmapProc, StdCtrls, ComCtrls;
  type
  TfrmProcessor = class(TForm)
  pbBar: TPaintBox;
  gpProc: TGroupBox;
  Button1: TButton;
  procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
  procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
  procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);
  procedure pbBarPaint(Sender: TObject);
  procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
  private
  { Private declarations }
  public
  { Public declarations }
  BarData:array[0..255]of Byte;
  Bar:TVczhBitmap;
  procedure DrawBar;
  end;
  var
  frmProcessor: TfrmProcessor;
  implementation
  {$R *.dfm}
  uses untViewer;
  procedure TfrmProcessor.DrawBar;
  var I:Integer;
  begin
  Bar.Canvas.FillRect(Bar.Canvas.ClipRect);
  Bar.Canvas.MoveTo(0,255-BarData[0]);
  for I:=1 to 255 do
  Bar.Canvas.LineTo(I,255-BarData[I]);
  end;
  procedure TfrmProcessor.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
  begin
  Bar:=TVczhBitmap.Create;
  Bar.Width:=256;
  Bar.Height:=256;
  Bar.Canvas.Brush.Color:=clWhite;
  Bar.Canvas.Brush.Style:=bsSolid;
  end;
  procedure TfrmProcessor.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
  begin
  Bar.Free;
  end;
  procedure TfrmProcessor.FormShow(Sender: TObject);
  var I:Integer;
  begin
  for I:=0 to 255 do
  BarData[I]:=I;
  DrawBar;
  end;
  procedure TfrmProcessor.pbBarPaint(Sender: TObject);
  begin
  pbBar.Canvas.Draw(0,0,Bar);
  end;
  procedure TfrmProcessor.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
  var X,Y:Integer;
  begin
  for Y:=0 to Buffer.Height-1 do
  for X:=0 to Buffer.Width*3-1 do
  Played.Bytes[X,Y]:=BarData[Buffer.Bytes[X,Y]];
  frmViewer.FormPaint(frmViewer);
  end;
  end.
  之后,做一个窗口继承自它,则调整BarData[]后,按Apply即可看到结果。
  现在开始将图像处理。具体效果见示例程序。
  
  一、颜色反转。
  灰度图像的颜色都是从0~255,所以,为了使颜色反转,我们可以用255减去该颜色值以得到反转后的颜色。
  var I:Integer;
  begin
  inherited;
  for I:=0 to 255 do
  BarData[I]:=255-I;//用255减去该颜色值
  DrawBar;
  pbBarPaint(pbBar);
  end;
  
  二、缩小颜色范围以增强或减弱亮度
  颜色本来是从0~255的。如果调节它的范围,例如从0~16,则会是图像明显变暗。我们可以把起始值设为a,把终止值设为b,则新的颜色值New=a+(b-1)*Old/255。这样做的话可以改变亮度,并且不会破坏原先颜色的顺序。代码如下
  var I:Integer;
  begin
  for I:=0 to 255 do
  BarData[I]:=(255-sbMin.Position)+Round((sbMin.Position-sbMax.Position)/255*I);
  DrawBar;
  pbBarPaint(pbBar);
  Button1Click(Button1);
  end;
  这里的sbMin.Position和sbMaxPosition都是反转过的。所以使用时要用255去减
  
  三、增加某个范围内的颜色范围
  如果图像本身的颜色范围很小的画,你可以通过这种方法来加大图像的对比度,有利于对图像的分析。具体做法:
  选取一个值a做为起始值,选取一个值b做为终止值,然后按以下公式变形:
  | 0 (X<=a)
  f(X)= | 255/(b-a)*(X-a)
  | 255(X>=b)
  var I:Integer;
  begin
  for I:=0 to 255 do
  begin
  if I<=sbMin.Position then
  BarData[I]:=0
  else if I>=sbMax.Position then
  BarData[I]:=255
  else
  BarData[I]:=Round(255/(sbMax.Position-sbMin.Position)*(I-sbMin.Position));
  end;
  DrawBar;
  pbBarPaint(pbBar);
  Button1Click(Button1);
  end;
  
  四、变为黑白图片
  在使用第三个功能的时候,你会发现当b<=a时,图像上的颜色除了黑色就是白色。这样操作的好处是不能直接显示出来的。这只要到了比较高级的图像处理如边缘检测等,才有作用。本例可以拿第三种方法的公式再变形,因此不作详细阐述。
  
  五、指数级亮度调整
   
 

  我们假设这个图的定义域是[0,1],值域也是[0,1]。那么,定义函数f(x)=x^c,则f(x)的图像有一段如上图。我们再用鼠标操作时,可以在上面取一点P(a,b),然后使f(x)通过点P,则c=ln(b)/ln(a)。有了c之后,我们就可以对颜色进行操作了:
  New=(Old/255)^c*255=exp(ln(old/255)*c)*255
  var ea,eb,ec:Extended;
  I:Integer;
  begin
  ea:=A/255;
  eb:=B/255;
  ec:=Ln(eb)/Ln(ea);
  for I:=1 to 255 do
  BarData[I]:=Round(Exp(Ln((I/255))*ec)*255);
  DrawBar;
  pbBarPaint(pbBar);
  Button1Click(Button1);
  end;
  这样做可以调节图像的亮度。
Delphi图形显示特效的技巧
 概述 
  ----目前在许多学习软件、游戏光盘中,经常会看到各种 
  图形显示技巧,凭着图形的移动、交错、雨滴状、百页窗、积木堆叠等显现方式,使画面变得更为生动活泼,更 能吸引观众。本文将探讨如何在delphi中实现各种图形显示技巧。 
  基本原理 
  ----在delphi中,实现一副图象的显示是非常简单的,只要在form中定义一个timage组件,设置其picture属性,然后选 择任何有效的.ico、.bmp、.emf或.wmf文件,进行load,所选文 件就显示在timage组件中了。但这只是直接将图形显示在窗体中,毫无技巧可言。为了使图形显示具有别具一格的效果,可以按下列步骤实现: 
  ----定义一个timage组件,把要显示的图形先装入到timage组件中,也就是说,把图形内容从磁盘载入内存中, 做为图形缓存。 
  ----创建一新的位图对象,其尺寸跟timage组件中的图形一样。 
  ----利用画布(canvas)的copyrect功能(将一个画布的矩形区域拷贝到另一个画布的矩形区域),使用技巧,动态形 
  成位图文件内容,然后在窗体中显示位图。 
  ----实现方法 
  下面介绍各种图形显示技巧: 
1.推拉效果 
  将要显示的图形由上、下、左、右方向拉进屏幕内显示,同时将屏幕上原来的旧图盖掉,此种效果可分为四 
  种,上拉、下拉、左拉、右拉,但原理都差不多,以上拉 效果为例。 
原理:首先将放在暂存图形的第一条水平线,搬移至要显示的位图的最后一条,接着再将暂存图形的前两条水平线,依序搬移至要显示位图的最后两条水平线,然后搬移前三条、前四条叄?直到全部图形数据搬完为止。在搬移的过程中即可看到显示的位图由下而上浮起,而达到上拉的效果。 
程序算法: 
procedure tform1.button1click(sender: tobject); 
var 
newbmp: tbitmap; 
i,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer; 
begin 
newbmp:= tbitmap.create; 
newbmp.width:=image1.width; 
newbmp.height:=image1.height; 
bmpheight:=image1.height; 
bmpwidth:=image1.width; 
for i:=0 to bmpheight do 
begin 
newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect 
(0,bmpheight-i,bmpwidth,bmpheight), 
image1.canvas, 
rect(0,0,bmpwidth,i)); 
form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp); 
end; 
newbmp.free; 
end; 
2.垂直交错效果 
原理:将要显示的图形拆成两部分,奇数条扫描线由上往下搬移,偶数条扫描线的部分则由下往上搬移,而且两者同时进行。从屏幕上便可看到分别由上下两端出现的较淡图形向屏幕中央移动,直到完全清楚为止。 
程序算法: 
procedure tform1.button4click(sender: tobject); 
var 
newbmp:tbitmap; 
i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer; 
begin 
newbmp:= tbitmap.create; 
newbmp.width:=image1.width; 
newbmp.height:=image1.height; 
bmpheight:=image1.height; 
bmpwidth:=image1.width; 
i:=0; 
while i< =bmpheight do 
begin 
j:=i; 
while j >0 do 
begin 
newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect(0,j-1,bmpwidth,j), 
image1.canvas, 
rect(0,bmpheight-i+j-1,bmpwidth,bmpheight-i+j)); 
newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect 
(0,bmpheight-j,bmpwidth,bmpheight-j+1), 
image1.canvas, 
rect(0,i-j,bmpwidth,i-j+1)); 
j:=j-2; 
end; 
form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp); 
i:=i+2; 
end; 
newbmp.free; 
end; 
3.水平交错效果 
原理:同垂直交错效果原理一样,只是将分成两组后的图形分别由左右两端移进屏幕。 
程序算法: 
procedure tform1.button5click(sender: tobject); 
var 
newbmp:tbitmap; 
i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer; 
begin 
newbmp:= tbitmap.create; 
newbmp.width:=image1.width; 
newbmp.height:=image1.height; 
bmpheight:=image1.height; 
bmpwidth:=image1.width; 
i:=0; 
while i< =bmpwidth do 
begin 
j:=i; 
while j >0 do 
begin 
newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect(j-1,0,j,bmpheight), 
image1.canvas, 
rect(bmpwidth-i+j-1,0,bmpwidth-i+j,bmpheight)); 
newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect 
(bmpwidth-j,0,bmpwidth-j+1,bmpheight), 
image1.canvas, 
rect(i-j,0,i-j+1,bmpheight)); 
j:=j-2; 
end; 
form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp); 
i:=i+2; 
end; 
newbmp.free; 
end; 
4.雨滴效果 
原理:将暂存图形的最后一条扫描线,依序搬移到可视位图的第一条到最后一条扫描线,让此条扫描线在屏幕上留下它的轨迹。接着再把暂存图形的倒数第二条扫描线,依序搬移到可视位图的第一条到倒数第二条扫描线。其余的扫描线依此类推。 
程序算法: 
procedure tform1.button3click(sender: tobject); 
var 
newbmp:tbitmap; 
i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer; 
begin 
newbmp:= tbitmap.create; 
newbmp.width:=image1.width; 
newbmp.height:=image1.height; 
bmpheight:=image1.height; 
bmpwidth:=image1.width; 
for i:=bmpheight downto 1 do 
for j:=1 to i do 
begin 
newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect(0,j-1,bmpwidth,j), 
image1.canvas, 
rect(0,i-1,bmpwidth,i)); 
form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp); 
end; 
newbmp.free; 
end; 
5.百叶窗效果 
原理:将放在暂存图形的数据分成若干组,然后依次从第一组到最后一组搬移,第一次每组各搬移第一条扫描线到可视位图的相应位置,第二次搬移第二条扫描线,接着搬移第三条、第四条扫描线. 
程序算法: 
procedure tform1.button6click(sender: tobject); 
var 
newbmp:tbitmap; 
i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer; 
xgroup,xcount:integer; 
begin 
newbmp:= tbitmap.create; 
newbmp.width:=image1.width; 
newbmp.height:=image1.height; 
bmpheight:=image1.height; 
bmpwidth:=image1.width; 
xgroup:=16; 
xcount:=bmpheight div xgroup; 
for i:=0 to xcount do 
for j:=0 to xgroup do 
begin 
newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect 
(0,xcount*j+i-1,bmpwidth,xcount*j+i), 
image1.canvas, 
rect(0,xcount*j+i-1,bmpwidth,xcount*j+i)); 
form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp); 
end; 
newbmp.free; 
end; 
6.积木效果 
原理:是雨滴效果的一种变化,不同之处在于,积木效果每次搬移的是一块图形,而不只是一根扫描线。 
程序算法: 
procedure tform1.button7click(sender: tobject); 
var 
newbmp:tbitmap; 
i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer; 
begin 
newbmp:= tbitmap.create; 
newbmp.width:=image1.width; 
newbmp.height:=image1.height; 
bmpheight:=image1.height; 
bmpwidth:=image1.width; 
i:=bmpheight; 
while i>0 do 
begin 
for j:=10 to i do 
begin 
newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect(0,j-10,bmpwidth,j), 
image1.canvas, 
rect(0,i-10,bmpwidth,i)); 
form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp); 
end; 
i:=i-10; 
end; 
newbmp.free; 
end; 
结束语 
上述图形显示效果均已上机通过。使用效果很好。
用Delphi实现图像放大镜
  向窗体上添加两个TImage组件,其中一个TImage组件的Name属性设置为Image1,它充当原图片显示的载体。另一个TImage组件的Name属性设置为Image2,它可以显示放大后的图像。添加组件后的窗体如图1所示。
 
图1 添加组件后的窗体

  本例的核心是StretchBlt函数,利用StretchBlt函数实现局部图像放大,响应代码如下:
procedure TForm1.Image1MouseMove(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Integer);
begin
 StretchBlt(Image2.Canvas.Handle,0,0,Image2.Width,Image2.Height,
 Image1.Canvas.Handle, X-20,Y-20,40,40,SRCCOPY);
 Image2.Refresh;
 Screen.Cursors[1]:=LoadCursorFromFile(’MAGNIFY.CUR’);
 Self.Cursor:=1;
end;

  程序首先会调用StretchBlt函数,以鼠标当前位置作为中心点,以边长为40选中Image1组件上的局部图像,并放大此局部图像到Image2组件上。然后通过调用Image2组件的Refresh方法以刷新Image2组件的显示。最后设置鼠标指针为新的形状。

  程序代码如下:
unit Unit1;
interface
uses

Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls;

type
 TForm1 = class(TForm)
 Image1: TImage;
 Image2: TImage;
 procedure Image1MouseMove(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X,Y: Integer);
 procedure FormMouseMove(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X,Y: Integer);
private
 { Private declarations }
public
 { Public declarations }
end;

var
 Form1: TForm1;
 implementation
 {$R *.dfm}
 procedure TForm1.Image1MouseMove(Sender:TObject;Shift:TShiftState;X,Y: Integer);
 begin
  StretchBlt(Image2.Canvas.Handle,0,0,Image2.Width,Image2.Height,Image1.Canvas.Handle, X-20,Y-20,40,40,SRCCOPY);
  Image2.Refresh;
  Screen.Cursors[1]:=LoadCursorFromFile(’MAGNIFY.CUR’);
  Self.Cursor:=1;
end;

procedure TForm1.FormMouseMove(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X,Y: Integer);
begin
 Screen.Cursors[1]:=crDefault;
 Self.Cursor:=1;
end;
end.

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