Linux Mint 13 部分问题及解决方案

换源

Linux Mint 13 默认的源速度不快,建议更换。

备份:

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup

打开sources.list:

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

选择合适的源列表,替换掉文件中所有的内容,保存编辑好的文件。

更新源列表:

sudo apt-get update

源列表推荐:

网易源:

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse

中科大源:

deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring main multiverse restricted universe

deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-backports main multiverse restricted universe

deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main multiverse restricted universe

deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-security main multiverse restricted universe

deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-backports main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-security main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates main multiverse restricted universe

上海交大源:

deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring main multiverse restricted universe

deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-backports main multiverse restricted universe

deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main multiverse restricted universe

deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-security main multiverse restricted universe

deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-backports main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-security main multiverse restricted universe

deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates main multiverse restricted universe

 

There is no public key available for the following key IDs:3B4FE6ACC0B21F32 解决方案

gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv C0B21F32

gpg --export --armor C0B21F32 | sudo apt-key add -

 

常用软件

sudo apt-get install build-essential

sudo apt-get install bleachbit

sudo apt-get install chromium-browser

sudo apt-get install ibus-googlepinyin

sudo apt-get install mplayer

sudo apt-get install vim

sudo apt-get install virtualbox

sudo apt-get install xchm

 

安装 LaTeX 及配置中文支持

sudo apt-get install texlive-latex-base

sudo apt-get install latex-cjk-all

sudo apt-get install texmaker

sudo apt-get install texlive-publishers

编译:

latex filename

dvi转pdf:

dvipdfm filename

测试用例:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{CJKutf8}

\begin{document}

\begin{CJK}{UTF8}{gkai}

楷体简体中文测试

\end{CJK}

\begin{CJK}{UTF8}{gbsn}

宋体简体中文测试

\end{CJK}

\end{document}

 

安装 MySQL 以及 phpMyAdmin

sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

sudo apt-get install php5-mysql

sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

安装过程中选择Apache.

sudo cp /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available/phpmyadmin

cd /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/

sudo ln -s ../sites-available/phpmyadmin

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

打开浏览器,输入http://localhost/phpmyadmin,回车,到此,配置完成。

 

修改成字符界面启动

由于某些原因,不需要系统开机自启动图形界面,因此改成字符启动。

sudo gedit /etc/X11/default-display-manager

原内容是:

/usr/sbin/mdm

修改成:

#/usr/sbin/mdm

false

PS:注意备份。

PS:修改后startx进入图形界面时权限降低,可自行提权解决。

 

字符界面欣赏音乐

安装mplayer:

sudo apt-get install mplayer

直接播放:

mplayer filename

列表播放:

ls >music.lst

mplayer -playlist music.lst

全部播放:

mplayer *

 循环播放:

mplayer -playlist music.lst -loop x

mplayer filename -loop x

(0为无限循环)

 

挂载 Windows 分区

创建挂载点:

sudo mkdir /media/partitionname

查看分区标号:

sudo fdisk -l

挂载FAT分区:

sudo mount /dev/hda1 /media/partitionname -t vfat -o iocharset=utf8,umask=000

其中hda1使用刚刚查询到的进程标号代替。

挂载NTFS分区:

sudo mount /dev/hda1 /media/partitionname -t ntfs -o nls=utf8,umask=0222

在系统启动时挂载分区:

sudo gedit /etc/fstab

FAT:

/dev/hda1       /media/partitionname  vfat    iocharset=utf8,umask=000	0       0

NTFS:

/dev/hda1       /media/partitionname  ntfs    nls=utf8,umask=0222		0       0

挂载fstab中所有分区:

sudo mount -a

 

Vi 中文乱码解决方案

编辑.vimrc文件:

vi ~/.vimrc

添加以下两行:

let &termencoding=&encoding

set fileencodings=utf-8,gbk

 

喇叭按钮消失解决方案

打开新立得搜索pulseaudio,在Installed里全部选中,Upgrade之,问题解决。

 

could not write bytes Broken pipe 解决方案

xset s 0 0

详见http://forum.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=90&t=104084&p=618839

 

Fontconfig warning 解决方案

解决形如

Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/90-fonts-nanum.conf", line 26: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not works as expected

的问题,方法如下:

方法一:

找到相关文件的相关行,把形如

<test qual=”any” name=”family”>

<string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</string>

<string>文泉驿微米黑</string>

<string>文泉驿微米黑</string>

</test>

改成

<test qual=”any” name=”family”>

<string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</string>

</test>

<test qual=”any” name=”family”>

<string>文泉驿微米黑</string>

</test>

<test qual=”any” name=”family”>

<string>文泉驿微米黑</string>

</test>

即可

该问题出现是由于fontconfig不支持multiple特性所致,基本不影响正常使用。

方法二:

直接删除相关文件。

 

startx no protocol specified 解决方案

rm ~/.Xauthority

touch .Xauthority

详见http://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=90&t=115909&p=646722

 

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