Ordering是Guava类库提供的一个犀利强大的比较器工具,Guava的Ordering和JDK Comparator相比功能更强。它非常容易扩展,可以轻松构造复杂的comparator,然后用在容器的比较、排序等操作中。
本质上来说,Ordering 实例无非就是一个特殊的Comparator 实例。Ordering只是需要依赖于一个比较器(例如,Collections.max)的方法,并使其可作为实例方法。另外,Ordering提供了链式方法调用和加强现有的比较器。
下面我们看看Ordering中的一些具体方法和简单的使用实例。
常见的静态方法:
natural():使用Comparable类型的自然顺序, 例如:整数从小到大,字符串是按字典顺序;
usingToString() :使用toString()返回的字符串按字典顺序进行排序;
arbitrary() :返回一个所有对象的任意顺序, 即compare(a, b) == 0 就是 a == b (identity equality)。 本身 的排序是没有任何含义, 但是在VM的生命周期是一个常量。
@Test public void test (){ List<String> list = Lists.newArrayList(); list.add("peida"); list.add("jerry"); list.add("harry"); list.add("eva"); list.add("jhon"); list.add("neron"); System.out.println("list:"+ list); //result : list:[peida, jerry, harry, eva, jhon, neron] // Ordering<String> naturalOrdering = Ordering.natural(); Ordering<Object> usingToStringOrdering = Ordering.usingToString(); Ordering<Object> arbitraryOrdering = Ordering.arbitrary(); System.out.println("naturalOrdering:"+ naturalOrdering.sortedCopy(list)); System.out.println("usingToStringOrdering:"+ usingToStringOrdering.sortedCopy(list)); System.out.println("arbitraryOrdering:"+ arbitraryOrdering.sortedCopy(list)); }
输出结果:
list:[peida, jerry, harry, eva, jhon, neron]
naturalOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida]
usingToStringOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida]
arbitraryOrdering:[jhon, jerry, peida, neron, harry, eva]
操作方法:
方法名 | 说明 |
reverse() | 返回与当前Ordering相反的排序: |
nullsFirst() | 返回一个将null放在non-null元素之前的Ordering,其他的和原始的Ordering一样 |
nullsLast() | 返回一个将null放在non-null元素之后的Ordering,其他的和原始的Ordering一样; |
compound(Comparator) | 返回一个使用Comparator的Ordering,Comparator作为第二排序元素,例如对bug列表进行排序,先根据bug的级别,再根据优先级进行排序; |
lexicographical() | 返回一个按照字典元素迭代的Ordering |
onResultOf(Function) | 将function应用在各个元素上之后, 在使用原始ordering进行排序 |
greatestOf(Iterable iterable, int k) | 返回指定的第k个可迭代的最大的元素,按照这个从最大到最小的顺序。是不稳定的。 |
leastOf(Iterable<E> iterable,int k) | 返回指定的第k个可迭代的最小的元素,按照这个从最小到最大的顺序。是不稳定的 |
isOrdered(Iterable) | 是否有序,Iterable不能少于2个元素 |
isStrictlyOrdered(Iterable) | 是否严格有序。请注意,Iterable不能少于两个元素 |
sortedCopy(Iterable) | 返回指定的元素作为一个列表的排序副本。
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实例:
@Test public void test2(){ List<String> list = Lists.newArrayList(); list.add("peida"); list.add("jerry"); list.add("harry"); list.add("eva"); list.add("jhon"); list.add("neron"); System.out.println("list:"+ list); Ordering<String> naturalOrdering = Ordering.natural(); System.out.println("naturalOrdering:"+ naturalOrdering.sortedCopy(list)); List<Integer> listReduce= Lists.newArrayList(); for(int i=9;i>0;i--){ listReduce.add(i); } List<Integer> listtest= Lists.newArrayList(); listtest.add(1); listtest.add(1); listtest.add(1); listtest.add(2); Ordering<Integer> naturalIntReduceOrdering = Ordering.natural(); System.out.println("listtest:" + listtest); System.out.println(naturalIntReduceOrdering.isOrdered(listtest)); System.out.println(naturalIntReduceOrdering.isStrictlyOrdered(listtest)); System.out.println("naturalIntReduceOrdering:"+ naturalIntReduceOrdering.sortedCopy(listReduce)); System.out.println("listReduce:"+ listReduce); System.out.println(naturalIntReduceOrdering.isOrdered(naturalIntReduceOrdering.sortedCopy(listReduce))); System.out.println(naturalIntReduceOrdering.isStrictlyOrdered(naturalIntReduceOrdering.sortedCopy(listReduce))); Ordering<String> natural = Ordering.natural(); List<String> abc = ImmutableList.of("a", "b", "c"); System.out.println(natural.isOrdered(abc)); System.out.println(natural.isStrictlyOrdered(abc)); System.out.println("isOrdered reverse :"+ natural.reverse().isOrdered(abc)); List<String> cba = ImmutableList.of("c", "b", "a"); System.out.println(natural.isOrdered(cba)); System.out.println(natural.isStrictlyOrdered(cba)); System.out.println(cba = natural.sortedCopy(cba)); System.out.println("max:"+natural.max(cba)); System.out.println("min:"+natural.min(cba)); System.out.println("leastOf:"+natural.leastOf(cba, 2)); System.out.println("naturalOrdering:"+ naturalOrdering.sortedCopy(list)); System.out.println("leastOf list:"+naturalOrdering.leastOf(list, 3)); System.out.println("greatestOf:"+naturalOrdering.greatestOf(list, 3)); System.out.println("reverse list :"+ naturalOrdering.reverse().sortedCopy(list)); System.out.println("isOrdered list :"+ naturalOrdering.isOrdered(list)); System.out.println("isOrdered list :"+ naturalOrdering.reverse().isOrdered(list)); list.add(null); System.out.println(" add null list:"+list); System.out.println("nullsFirst list :"+ naturalOrdering.nullsFirst().sortedCopy(list)); System.out.println("nullsLast list :"+ naturalOrdering.nullsLast().sortedCopy(list)); }
结果:
list:[peida, jerry, harry, eva, jhon, neron] naturalOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida] listtest:[1, 1, 1, 2] true false naturalIntReduceOrdering:[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] listReduce:[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1] true true true true isOrdered reverse :false false false [a, b, c] max:c min:a leastOf:[a, b] naturalOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida] leastOf list:[eva, harry, jerry] greatestOf:[peida, neron, jhon] reverse list :[peida, neron, jhon, jerry, harry, eva] isOrdered list :false isOrdered list :false add null list:[peida, jerry, harry, eva, jhon, neron, null] nullsFirst list :[null, eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida] nullsLast list :[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida, null] list:[peida, jerry, harry, eva, jhon, neron] naturalOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida] usingToStringOrdering:[eva, harry, jerry, jhon, neron, peida] arbitraryOrdering:[jhon, harry, eva, jerry, peida, neron]