Linux环境离线安装Ollama

1、在线安装

https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/linux.md 可以查看ollama的官方文档进行安装

2.离线安装

查看服务器CPU的型号 

## 查看Linux系统CPU型号命令，我的服务器cpu型号是x86_64
lscpu

根据CPU型号下载Ollama安装包，并保存到/home目录
我下载的是Ollama的v0.3.6版本

【文件下载地址】https://github.com/ollama/ollama/releases/
 下载文件:

ollama-linux-amd64

上传下载文件到 /home

离线下载Linux环境的Ollama安装脚本，并保存到/home目录
## 下载地址1，浏览器中打开下面地址
https://ollama.com/install.sh

## 下载地址2
https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/scripts/install.sh

修改install.sh脚本
总共需要修改两个点，第一：Ollama下载地址；第二：Ollama安装包存放目录

第一处修改，注释下载链接

status "Downloading ollama..."
## 在install.sh的第65行
#curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar -o $TEMP_DIR/ollama "https://ollama.com/download/ollama-linux-${ARCH}${VER_PARAM}"
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第二处修改，修改ollama安装目录

status "Installing ollama to $BINDIR..."
$SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 -d $BINDIR
## 在install.sh的第73行
#$SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 $TEMP_DIR/ollama $BINDIR/ollama
$SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 ./ollama-linux-amd64  $BINDIR/ollama
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修改后的install.sh文件，v0.1.31版本

#!/bin/sh
# This script installs Ollama on Linux.
# It detects the current operating system architecture and installs the appropriate version of Ollama.

set -eu

status() { echo ">>> $*" >&2; }
error() { echo "ERROR $*"; exit 1; }
warning() { echo "WARNING: $*"; }

TEMP_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
cleanup() { rm -rf $TEMP_DIR; }
trap cleanup EXIT

available() { command -v $1 >/dev/null; }
require() {
    local MISSING=''
    for TOOL in $*; do
        if ! available $TOOL; then
            MISSING="$MISSING $TOOL"
        fi
    done

    echo $MISSING
}

[ "$(uname -s)" = "Linux" ] || error 'This script is intended to run on Linux only.'

ARCH=$(uname -m)
case "$ARCH" in
    x86_64) ARCH="amd64" ;;
    aarch64|arm64) ARCH="arm64" ;;
    *) error "Unsupported architecture: $ARCH" ;;
esac

KERN=$(uname -r)
case "$KERN" in
    *icrosoft*WSL2 | *icrosoft*wsl2) ;;
    *icrosoft) error "Microsoft WSL1 is not currently supported. Please upgrade to WSL2 with 'wsl --set-version  2'" ;;
    *) ;;
esac

VER_PARAM="${OLLAMA_VERSION:+?version=$OLLAMA_VERSION}"

SUDO=
if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
    # Running as root, no need for sudo
    if ! available sudo; then
        error "This script requires superuser permissions. Please re-run as root."
    fi

    SUDO="sudo"
fi

NEEDS=$(require curl awk grep sed tee xargs)
if [ -n "$NEEDS" ]; then
    status "ERROR: The following tools are required but missing:"
    for NEED in $NEEDS; do
        echo "  - $NEED"
    done
    exit 1
fi

status "Downloading ollama..."
# curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar -o $TEMP_DIR/ollama "https://ollama.com/download/ollama-linux-${ARCH}${VER_PARAM}"

for BINDIR in /usr/local/bin /usr/bin /bin; do
    echo $PATH | grep -q $BINDIR && break || continue
done

status "Installing ollama to $BINDIR..."
$SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 -d $BINDIR
# $SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 $TEMP_DIR/ollama $BINDIR/ollama
$SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 ./ollama-linux-amd64  $BINDIR/ollama

install_success() { 
    status 'The Ollama API is now available at 127.0.0.1:11434.'
    status 'Install complete. Run "ollama" from the command line.'
}
trap install_success EXIT

# Everything from this point onwards is optional.

configure_systemd() {
    if ! id ollama >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        status "Creating ollama user..."
        $SUDO useradd -r -s /bin/false -U -m -d /usr/share/ollama ollama
    fi
    if getent group render >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        status "Adding ollama user to render group..."
        $SUDO usermod -a -G render ollama
    fi
    if getent group video >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        status "Adding ollama user to video group..."
        $SUDO usermod -a -G video ollama
    fi

    status "Adding current user to ollama group..."
    $SUDO usermod -a -G ollama $(whoami)

    status "Creating ollama systemd service..."
    cat </dev/null
[Unit]
Description=Ollama Service
After=network-online.target

[Service]
ExecStart=$BINDIR/ollama serve
User=ollama
Group=ollama
Restart=always
RestartSec=3
Environment="PATH=$PATH"

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target
EOF
    SYSTEMCTL_RUNNING="$(systemctl is-system-running || true)"
    case $SYSTEMCTL_RUNNING in
        running|degraded)
            status "Enabling and starting ollama service..."
            $SUDO systemctl daemon-reload
            $SUDO systemctl enable ollama

            start_service() { $SUDO systemctl restart ollama; }
            trap start_service EXIT
            ;;
    esac
}

if available systemctl; then
    configure_systemd
fi

if ! available lspci && ! available lshw; then
    warning "Unable to detect NVIDIA/AMD GPU. Install lspci or lshw to automatically detect and install GPU dependencies."
    exit 0
fi

check_gpu() {
    # Look for devices based on vendor ID for NVIDIA and AMD
    case $1 in
        lspci) 
            case $2 in
                nvidia) available lspci && lspci -d '10de:' | grep -q 'NVIDIA' || return 1 ;;
                amdgpu) available lspci && lspci -d '1002:' | grep -q 'AMD' || return 1 ;;
            esac ;;
        lshw) 
            case $2 in
                nvidia) available lshw && $SUDO lshw -c display -numeric | grep -q 'vendor: .* \[10DE\]' || return 1 ;;
                amdgpu) available lshw && $SUDO lshw -c display -numeric | grep -q 'vendor: .* \[1002\]' || return 1 ;;
            esac ;;
        nvidia-smi) available nvidia-smi || return 1 ;;
    esac
}

if check_gpu nvidia-smi; then
    status "NVIDIA GPU installed."
    exit 0
fi

if ! check_gpu lspci nvidia && ! check_gpu lshw nvidia && ! check_gpu lspci amdgpu && ! check_gpu lshw amdgpu; then
    install_success
    warning "No NVIDIA/AMD GPU detected. Ollama will run in CPU-only mode."
    exit 0
fi

if check_gpu lspci amdgpu || check_gpu lshw amdgpu; then
    # Look for pre-existing ROCm v6 before downloading the dependencies
    for search in "${HIP_PATH:-''}" "${ROCM_PATH:-''}" "/opt/rocm"; do
        if [ -n "${search}" ] && [ -e "${search}/lib/libhipblas.so.2" ]; then
            status "Compatible AMD GPU ROCm library detected at ${search}"
            install_success
            exit 0
        fi
    done

    status "Downloading AMD GPU dependencies..."
    $SUDO rm -rf /usr/share/ollama/lib
    $SUDO chmod o+x /usr/share/ollama
    $SUDO install -o ollama -g ollama -m 755 -d /usr/share/ollama/lib/rocm
    curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar "https://ollama.com/download/ollama-linux-amd64-rocm.tgz${VER_PARAM}" \
        | $SUDO tar zx --owner ollama --group ollama -C /usr/share/ollama/lib/rocm .
    install_success
    status "AMD GPU dependencies installed."
    exit 0
fi

# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#rhel-7-centos-7
# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#rhel-8-rocky-8
# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#rhel-9-rocky-9
# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#fedora
install_cuda_driver_yum() {
    status 'Installing NVIDIA repository...'
    case $PACKAGE_MANAGER in
        yum)
            $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install yum-utils
            $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER-config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m)/cuda-$1$2.repo
            ;;
        dnf)
            $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m)/cuda-$1$2.repo
            ;;
    esac

    case $1 in
        rhel)
            status 'Installing EPEL repository...'
            # EPEL is required for third-party dependencies such as dkms and libvdpau
            $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-$2.noarch.rpm || true
            ;;
    esac

    status 'Installing CUDA driver...'

    if [ "$1" = 'centos' ] || [ "$1$2" = 'rhel7' ]; then
        $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install nvidia-driver-latest-dkms
    fi

    $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install cuda-drivers
}

# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#ubuntu
# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#debian
install_cuda_driver_apt() {
    status 'Installing NVIDIA repository...'
    curl -fsSL -o $TEMP_DIR/cuda-keyring.deb https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m)/cuda-keyring_1.1-1_all.deb

    case $1 in
        debian)
            status 'Enabling contrib sources...'
            $SUDO sed 's/main/contrib/' < /etc/apt/sources.list | $SUDO tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/contrib.list > /dev/null
            if [ -f "/etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources" ]; then
                $SUDO sed 's/main/contrib/' < /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources | $SUDO tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/contrib.sources > /dev/null
            fi
            ;;
    esac

    status 'Installing CUDA driver...'
    $SUDO dpkg -i $TEMP_DIR/cuda-keyring.deb
    $SUDO apt-get update

    [ -n "$SUDO" ] && SUDO_E="$SUDO -E" || SUDO_E=
    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive $SUDO_E apt-get -y install cuda-drivers -q
}

if [ ! -f "/etc/os-release" ]; then
    error "Unknown distribution. Skipping CUDA installation."
fi

. /etc/os-release

OS_NAME=$ID
OS_VERSION=$VERSION_ID

PACKAGE_MANAGER=
for PACKAGE_MANAGER in dnf yum apt-get; do
    if available $PACKAGE_MANAGER; then
        break
    fi
done

if [ -z "$PACKAGE_MANAGER" ]; then
    error "Unknown package manager. Skipping CUDA installation."
fi

if ! check_gpu nvidia-smi || [ -z "$(nvidia-smi | grep -o "CUDA Version: [0-9]*\.[0-9]*")" ]; then
    case $OS_NAME in
        centos|rhel) install_cuda_driver_yum 'rhel' $(echo $OS_VERSION | cut -d '.' -f 1) ;;
        rocky) install_cuda_driver_yum 'rhel' $(echo $OS_VERSION | cut -c1) ;;
        fedora) [ $OS_VERSION -lt '37' ] && install_cuda_driver_yum $OS_NAME $OS_VERSION || install_cuda_driver_yum $OS_NAME '37';;
        amzn) install_cuda_driver_yum 'fedora' '37' ;;
        debian) install_cuda_driver_apt $OS_NAME $OS_VERSION ;;
        ubuntu) install_cuda_driver_apt $OS_NAME $(echo $OS_VERSION | sed 's/\.//') ;;
        *) exit ;;
    esac
fi

if ! lsmod | grep -q nvidia; then
    KERNEL_RELEASE="$(uname -r)"
    case $OS_NAME in
        rocky) $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install kernel-devel kernel-headers ;;
        centos|rhel|amzn) $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install kernel-devel-$KERNEL_RELEASE kernel-headers-$KERNEL_RELEASE ;;
        fedora) $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install kernel-devel-$KERNEL_RELEASE ;;
        debian|ubuntu) $SUDO apt-get -y install linux-headers-$KERNEL_RELEASE ;;
        *) exit ;;
    esac

    NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION=$($SUDO dkms status | awk -F: '/added/ { print $1 }')
    if [ -n "$NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION" ]; then
        $SUDO dkms install $NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION
    fi

    if lsmod | grep -q nouveau; then
        status 'Reboot to complete NVIDIA CUDA driver install.'
        exit 0
    fi

    $SUDO modprobe nvidia
fi


status "NVIDIA CUDA drivers installed."

运行 install.sh脚本 ,安装 

# 执行installl.sh脚本，需要sudo 权限  chmod +x install.sh
./install.sh
# 如果报错误权限不足，执行
chmod +x install.sh
# 如果报错误： bash: ./build_android.sh：/bin/sh^M：解释器错误: 没有那个文件或目录，执行
sed -i 's/\r$//' install.sh

配置大模型下载目录 

# 执行命令
vim ~/.bashrc
# 配置 OLLAMA_MODELS 环境变量自定义路径
### ollama model dir 改为自定义的路径，默认路径/usr/share/ollama/.ollama/models 
export OLLAMA_MODELS=/home/Ollama/ollama_cache
# 复制/usr/share/ollama/.ollama/models目录中（blobs  manifests）的文件夹到OLLAMA_MODELS环境变量目录
cp -r /usr/share/ollama/.ollama/models /home/Ollama/ollama_cache

运行Ollama

ollama serve

运行大模型，如通义千问

# 需要先将大模型下载到OLLAMA_MODELS文件中
# ollama run <模型名称>
ollama run qwen

关闭 Ollama 服务

# 关闭ollama服务
service ollama stop

本访问ollama我在文章ollama如何导入本地下载的模型_ollama 本地下载过模型了-CSDN博客 中有说明

但是发现一个问题不能外网访问

解决办法:

OllamaAi设置外网访问

Ollama在linux环境中如何支持外部或者宿主机通过IP访问其接口
1、首先停止ollama服务：systemctl stop ollama
2、修改ollama的service文件：/etc/systemd/system/ollama.service
在[Service]下边增加一行：Environment=“OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0:8080”，端口根据实际情况修改
3、重载daemon文件 systemctl daemon-reload
4、启动ollama服务 systemctl start ollama

如果这个还不行就配置环境变量

linux系统

    ollama默认只能localhost访问

    如果需要允许外网访问，需要修改环境变量

    vi /etc/profile

    在文件底部加入

    export OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0:11434

    保存

    使环境变量生效

    source /etc/profile

window 系统

    直接在系统环境变量中加入

    OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0:11434

但是要重启一下!!!!

3 . 重新加载systemd并重新启动 Olama：

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart ollama

 将Ollama设置为系统启动时自动运行（建议）
创建系统用户和用户组
sudo useradd -r -s /bin/false -U -m -d /usr/share/ollama ollama
sudo usermod -a -G ollama $(whoami)

创建服务文件
创建一个 systemd 服务文件来管理 Ollama 作为后台服务运行。该文件通常位于 /etc/systemd/system/ollama.service
文件内容如下：

[Unit]
Description=Ollama Service
After=network-online.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/ollama serve
User=ollama
Group=ollama
Restart=always
RestartSec=3
Environment="PATH=$PATH"

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target
 

  sudo systemctl status ollama这个命令可以查看是否报错 和状态

多卡:

更改运行GPU

配置环境变量CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES来指定运行Ollama的GPU，默认不需要改动，适用于多卡环境。

Environment="CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0,1"