类级别:所有字段为 null 时不返回
@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
public class MyResponseDTO {
private String field1;
// 字段级别:仅该字段为 null 时不返回
@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
private String field2;
如果不想在 DTO 类上全局标注 @JsonInclude
,可以直接在 Controller 方法的返回类型上通过 @JsonSerialize
注解临时指定序列化行为。
@GetMapping("/user")
@JsonSerialize(include = JsonSerialize.Inclusion.NON_NULL) // 旧版 Jackson 注解
public MyResponse getUser() {
MyResponse response = new MyResponse();
response.setName("Alice"); // age 为 null,不返回
return response;
}
在 Controller 方法中手动过滤 null 值,使用 Map 或 JSONObject 动态构建响应体:
@GetMapping("/api")
public Map<String, Object> getData() {
MyResponseDTO dto = service.getData();
Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
if (dto.getField1() != null) {
result.put("field1", dto.getField1());
}
return result;
}
适用于简单场景,但需手动维护字段映射。
通过继承 JsonSerializer 实现特定字段的 null 处理逻辑,并在 DTO 中指定序列化器:
public class NullSerializer extends JsonSerializer<Object> {
@Override
public void serialize(Object value, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider provider) {
// 忽略 null 字段
if (value == null) {
return;
}
gen.writeObject(value);
}
}
// 在 DTO 字段上指定序列化器
public class MyResponseDTO {
@JsonSerialize(using = NullSerializer.class)
private String field1;
}
适用于需要精细化控制序列化逻辑的场景。
ObjectMapper
并局部使用通过注入 ObjectMapper
实例,在特定接口中手动序列化数据,跳过 null
值。
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
@GetMapping("/user")
public String getUser(HttpServletResponse response) throws JsonProcessingException {
MyResponse data = new MyResponse();
data.setName("Alice"); // age 为 null
// 临时配置 ObjectMapper 忽略 null
objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);
String json = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(data);
// 恢复全局配置(可选)
objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.ALWAYS);
response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE);
return json;
}
注意:此方法需手动处理响应,适用于需要完全控制序列化逻辑的场景,但需谨慎管理 ObjectMapper
的线程安全性。
ResponseBodyAdvice
全局拦截并处理通过实现 ResponseBodyAdvice
接口,对特定接口或全局返回值进行统一处理。
定义切面类
@RestControllerAdvice
public class NullIgnoreAdvice implements ResponseBodyAdvice<Object> {
@Override
public boolean supports(MethodParameter returnType, Class converterType) {
// 仅处理特定接口(根据注解、包路径等条件判断)
return returnType.getExecutable().getName().equals("getUser");
}
@Override
public Object beforeBodyWrite(Object body, MethodParameter returnType,
MediaType mediaType, Class selectedConverterType,
ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response) {
if (body instanceof MyResponse) {
// 手动移除 null 值(需根据数据结构处理)
((MyResponse) body).setAge(null); // 示例
}
return body;
}
}
结合 ObjectMapper
动态过滤
在 beforeBodyWrite
中重新序列化数据:
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);
return mapper.convertValue(body, returnType.getParameterType());
若需所有接口忽略null
值,可在application.properties
中配置:
spring.jackson.default-property-inclusion=non_null
在springboot 启动类中定义该方法即可
@Bean
public HttpMessageConverters fastJsonHttpMessageConverters() {
FastJsonHttpMessageConverter4 fastConverter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter4();
FastJsonConfig fastJsonConfig = new FastJsonConfig();
fastJsonConfig.setSerializerFeatures(SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat, SerializerFeature.IgnoreNonFieldGetter,
SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue, SerializerFeature.WriteNullStringAsEmpty);
fastConverter.setFastJsonConfig(fastJsonConfig);
List supportedMediaTypes = new ArrayList();
supportedMediaTypes.add(new MediaType("text", "json", Charset.forName("utf8")));
supportedMediaTypes.add(new MediaType("application", "json", Charset.forName("utf8")));
fastConverter.setSupportedMediaTypes(supportedMediaTypes);
HttpMessageConverter<?> converter = fastConverter;
return new HttpMessageConverters(converter);
}
@Configuration
public class JacksonConfig {
@Bean
@Primary
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(ObjectMapper.class)
public ObjectMapper jacksonObjectMapper(Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder builder) {
ObjectMapper objectMapper = builder.createXmlMapper(false).build();
objectMapper.getSerializerProvider().setNullValueSerializer(new JsonSerializer<Object>() {
@Override
public void serialize(Object o, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException {
jsonGenerator.writeString("");
}
});
return objectMapper;
}
}