WCF学习笔记一：创建WCF程序

创建Solution

1、WCFDataContract：一个类库项目，定义契约数据对象，引用System.Runtime.Serialization程序集。

DataContract

using  System;
using  System.Runtime.Serialization;

namespace  WCFDataContract
{
    [DataContract]
     public   class  Person
    {
        [DataMember]
         public   string  Name {  get ;  set ; }
        [DataMember]
         public   int  Age {  get ;  set ; }
        [DataMember]
         public  Contact Contact {  get ;  set ; }
    }
}

 

 

2、WCFServiceContract：一个类库项目，定义契约，引用System.ServiceMode程序集。

 

ServiceContract

using  System;
using  System.ServiceModel;
using  WCFDataContract;

namespace  WCFServiceContract
{
    [ServiceContract]
     public   interface  IPersonService
    {
        [OperationContract]
         int  GetPersonAge( string  name);

        [OperationContract]
        Contact GetPersonContact(Person person);
    }
}

 

 

3、WCFServiceLibrary：一个类库项目，实现契约。
    也可以创建WCF Service Library项目，自动添加App.config，且编译参数多了/client:"WcfTestClient.exe"

 

ServiceLibrary

using  System;
using  WCFServiceContract;
using  WCFDataContract;

namespace  WCFServiceLibrary
{
     public   class  PersonService : IPersonService
    {
         public   int  GetPersonAge( string  name)
        {
             return  name.Length;
        }

         public  WCFDataContract.Contact GetPersonContact(WCFDataContract.Person person)
        {
            Contact contact  =   new  Contact();
            contact.Address  =  person.Name  +   " 's Address " ;
            contact.Mail  =  person.Name  +   " @mail.com " ;
             return  contact;
        }
    }
}

 

 

4、定义服务，有两种定义服务端的方式。
4.1、WCFWebAppService：一个Web Application项目，定义基于IIS的服务。需要引用前三个项目和System.ServiceMode程序集。

a、为WCF服务创建PersonService.svc文件

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="WCFServiceLibrary.PersonService" %>

 

b、配置WCF服务Web.config文件。在configuration节点下添加：

Web.config

    < system.serviceModel >
         < behaviors >
             < serviceBehaviors >
                 < behavior  name ="WCFWebAppService.PersonServiceBehavior" >
                     < serviceMetadata  httpGetEnabled ="true"   />
                     < serviceDebug  includeExceptionDetailInFaults ="false"   />
                 </ behavior >
             </ serviceBehaviors >
         </ behaviors >
         < services >
             < service  behaviorConfiguration ="WCFWebAppService.PersonServiceBehavior"
                name ="WCFServiceLibrary.PersonService" >
                 < endpoint  address =""  binding ="wsHttpBinding"  contract ="WCFServiceContract.IPersonService" >
                     < identity >
                         < dns  value ="localhost"   />
                     </ identity >
                 </ endpoint >
                 < endpoint  address ="mex"  binding ="mexHttpBinding"  contract ="IMetadataExchange"   />
             </ service >
         </ services >
     </ system.serviceModel >

 

 

4.2、WCFWinAppService：一个Console Application项目，定义自启动的服务。同样需要引用前三个项目和System.ServiceMode程序集。

 

Program

using  System;
using  System.ServiceModel;
using  WCFServiceLibrary;
using  WCFServiceContract;
using  System.ServiceModel.Description;

namespace  WCFWinAppService
{
     class  Program
    {
         static   void  Main( string [] args)
        {
             using  (ServiceHost host  =   new  ServiceHost( typeof (PersonService)))
            {
                host.AddServiceEndpoint( typeof (IPersonService),  new  WSHttpBinding(),  " http://localhost:9999/personservice " );
                 if  (host.Description.Behaviors.Find < ServiceMetadataBehavior > ()  ==   null )
                {
                    ServiceMetadataBehavior behavior  =   new  ServiceMetadataBehavior();
                    behavior.HttpGetEnabled  =   true ;
                    behavior.HttpGetUrl  =   new  Uri( " http://localhost:9999/personservice/metadata " );
                    host.Description.Behaviors.Add(behavior);
                }
                host.Opened  +=   delegate  { Console.WriteLine( " PersonService已经启动，按Enter键终止服务！ " ); };
                host.Open();
                Console.Read();
            }
        }
    }
}

 

 

另，可以通过App.config配置服务。如下：

a、配置App.config，同创建WCF Service Library项目产生的App.config

App.config

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"  ?>
< configuration >
   <!--  When deploying the service library project, the content of the config file must be added to the host's 
  app.config file. System.Configuration does not support config files for libraries.  -->
   < system.serviceModel >
     < services >
       < service  behaviorConfiguration ="WCFServiceLibrary.Service1Behavior"
        name ="WCFServiceLibrary.PersonService" >
         < endpoint  address =""  binding ="wsHttpBinding"  contract ="WCFServiceContract.IPersonService" >
           < identity >
             < dns  value ="localhost"   />
           </ identity >
         </ endpoint >
         < endpoint  address ="mex"  binding ="mexHttpBinding"  contract ="IMetadataExchange"   />
         < host >
           < baseAddresses >
             < add  baseAddress ="http://localhost:8731/WCFServiceLibrary/PersonService/"   />
           </ baseAddresses >
         </ host >
       </ service >
     </ services >
     < behaviors >
       < serviceBehaviors >
         < behavior  name ="WCFServiceLibrary.Service1Behavior" >
           <!--  To avoid disclosing metadata information, 
          set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment  -->
           < serviceMetadata  httpGetEnabled ="True" />
           <!--  To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, 
          set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment 
          to avoid disclosing exception information  -->
           < serviceDebug  includeExceptionDetailInFaults ="False"   />
         </ behavior >
       </ serviceBehaviors >
     </ behaviors >
   </ system.serviceModel >
</ configuration >

 

b、启动ServiceHost

Program

using  System;
using  System.ServiceModel;
using  WCFServiceLibrary;
using  WCFServiceContract;
using  System.ServiceModel.Description;

namespace  WCFWinAppService
{
     class  Program
    {
         static   void  Main( string [] args)
        {
             using  (ServiceHost host  =   new  ServiceHost( typeof (PersonService)))
            {
                host.Opened  +=   delegate  { Console.WriteLine( " PersonService已经启动，按Enter键终止服务！ " ); };
                host.Open();
                Console.Read();
            }
        }
    }
}

 

 

5、WCFClientDemo：一个Console Application项目模拟服务的客户端，该项目引用System.ServiceMode程序集。

有两种方式调用服务，一种是定义服务代理类，现实项目中几乎不会这样使用。
另一种是使用ChannelFactory创建服务代理类，如下：

 

 

ClientDemo

using  System;
using  System.ServiceModel;
using  WCFServiceContract;
using  WCFDataContract;

namespace  WCFClientDemo
{
     class  Program
    {
         static   void  Main( string [] args)
        {
             string  url  =   " http://localhost:9999/personservice " ;
             // string url = " http://localhost :8731/WCFServiceLibrary/PersonService";
             // string url = " http://localhost :6094/PersonService.svc";
             using  (ChannelFactory < IPersonService >  channelFactory  =   new  ChannelFactory < IPersonService > ( new  WSHttpBinding(), url))
            {
                IPersonService proxy  =  channelFactory.CreateChannel();
                 using  (proxy  as  IDisposable)
                {
                    Person person  =   new  Person();
                    person.Name  =   " Fly " ;
                    person.Age  =  proxy.GetPersonAge(person.Name);
                    person.Contact  =  proxy.GetPersonContact(person);

                    Console.WriteLine(person.Name);
                    Console.WriteLine(person.Age);
                    Console.WriteLine(person.Contact.Address);
                    Console.WriteLine(person.Contact.Mail);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

 

 

当然，可以通过配置app.config，如下：

 

App.config

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"  ?>
< configuration >
   < system.serviceModel >
     < bindings  />
     < client >
       < endpoint  address ="http://localhost:9999/personservice"  binding ="wsHttpBinding"  contract ="WCFServiceContract.IPersonService"  name ="PersonService"   />
     </ client >
   </ system.serviceModel >
</ configuration >

 

那么在创建ChannelFactory<T>的时候，就无须再指定终结点的绑定和地址了，而只须制定对应的终结点配置名称。

using  (ChannelFactory < IPersonService >  channelFactory  =   new  ChannelFactory < IPersonService > ( " PersonService " ))

 

代码示例：http://files.cnblogs.com/xujiaoxiang/MyWCFDemo.zip