Java事务处理全解析(三)——丑陋的案例

本系列上一篇文章中,我们看到了一个典型的事务处理失败的案例,其主要原因在于,service层和各个DAO所使用的Connection是不一样的,而JDBC中事务处理的作用对象正是Connection对象,所以不同DAO中的操作不在同一个事务里面,从而导致事务失败。从中我们得出了教训:要避免这种失败,我们可以使所有操作共享一个Connection对象,这样应该就没有问题了。

 

请通过以下方式下载本系列文章的github源代码:

git clone https://github.com/davenkin/java_transaction_workshop.git

 

在本篇文章中,我们将看到一个成功的,但是丑陋的事务处理方案,它的基本思路是:在service层创建Connection对象,再将该Connection传给各个DAO类,这样就完成了Connection共享的目的。

 

修改两个DAO类,使他们都接受一个Connection对象,定义UglyBankDao类如下:

package davenkin.step2_ugly;



import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;



public class UglyBankDao

{

    public void withdraw(int bankId, int amount, Connection connection) throws SQLException

    {

        PreparedStatement selectStatement = connection.prepareStatement("SELECT BANK_AMOUNT FROM BANK_ACCOUNT WHERE BANK_ID = ?");

        selectStatement.setInt(1, bankId);

        ResultSet resultSet = selectStatement.executeQuery();

        resultSet.next();

        int previousAmount = resultSet.getInt(1);

        resultSet.close();

        selectStatement.close();



        int newAmount = previousAmount - amount;

        PreparedStatement updateStatement = connection.prepareStatement("UPDATE BANK_ACCOUNT SET BANK_AMOUNT = ? WHERE BANK_ID = ?");

        updateStatement.setInt(1, newAmount);

        updateStatement.setInt(2, bankId);

        updateStatement.execute();



        updateStatement.close();

    }

}

 

使用同样的方法,定义UglyInsuranceDao类:

package davenkin.step2_ugly;



import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;



public class UglyInsuranceDao

{

    public void deposit(int insuranceId, int amount, Connection connection) throws SQLException

    {

        PreparedStatement selectStatement = connection.prepareStatement("SELECT INSURANCE_AMOUNT FROM INSURANCE_ACCOUNT WHERE INSURANCE_ID = ?");

        selectStatement.setInt(1, insuranceId);

        ResultSet resultSet = selectStatement.executeQuery();

        resultSet.next();

        int previousAmount = resultSet.getInt(1);

        resultSet.close();

        selectStatement.close();





        int newAmount = previousAmount + amount;

        PreparedStatement updateStatement = connection.prepareStatement("UPDATE INSURANCE_ACCOUNT SET INSURANCE_AMOUNT = ? WHERE INSURANCE_ID = ?");

        updateStatement.setInt(1, newAmount);

        updateStatement.setInt(2, insuranceId);

        updateStatement.execute();



        updateStatement.close();

    }

}

 

然后修改Service类,在UglyBankService类的transfer方法中,首先创建一个Connection对象,然后在将该对象依次传给UglyBankDao的withdraw方法和UglyInsuranceDao类的deposit方法,这样service层和DAO层使用相同的Connection对象。定义UglyBankService类如下:

package davenkin.step2_ugly;



import davenkin.BankService;



import javax.sql.DataSource;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.SQLException;



public class UglyBankService implements BankService

{

    private DataSource dataSource;

    private UglyBankDao uglyBankDao;

    private UglyInsuranceDao uglyInsuranceDao;



    public UglyBankService(DataSource dataSource)

    {

        this.dataSource = dataSource;

    }



    public void transfer(int fromId, int toId, int amount)

    {

        Connection connection = null;

        try

        {

            connection = dataSource.getConnection();

            connection.setAutoCommit(false);



            uglyBankDao.withdraw(fromId, amount, connection);

            uglyInsuranceDao.deposit(toId, amount, connection);



            connection.commit();

        } catch (Exception e)

        {

            try

            {

                assert connection != null;

                connection.rollback();

            } catch (SQLException e1)

            {

                e1.printStackTrace();

            }

        } finally

        {

            try

            {

                assert connection != null;

                connection.close();

            } catch (SQLException e)

            {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

    }



    public void setUglyBankDao(UglyBankDao uglyBankDao)

    {

        this.uglyBankDao = uglyBankDao;

    }



    public void setUglyInsuranceDao(UglyInsuranceDao uglyInsuranceDao)

    {

        this.uglyInsuranceDao = uglyInsuranceDao;

    }

}

 

通过上面共享Connection对象的方法虽然可以完成事务处理的目的,但是这样做法是丑陋的,原因在于:为了完成事务处理的目的,我们需要将一个底层的Connection类在service层和DAO层之间进行传递,而DAO层的方法也要接受这个Connection对象,这种做法显然是不好的,这就是典型的API污染。

 

下一篇博文中,我们将讲到如何在不传递Connection对象的情况下完成和本文相同的事务处理功能。

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