C#运算符重载实现动态SQL生成

    C#提供运算符重载功能,但这功能使用的场合并不多,相信很多C#开发人员虽然了解到有这一功能,但相信用到的比较少.为什么要自己重载运算符来生成SQL而不去用Linq?其目的也是非常简单的使用简单和灵活。先来看一下有多少运算符可以重载:+, -, *, /, %, &, |, ^, <<, >>==, !=, <, >, <=, >=

看上去还是挺多的,应该能满SQL对应的需要,首先整理出一个对应关系

c#    SQL
==    =
!=     <>
>      >
>=    >=
<      < 
<=    <=
&      and
|       or 

总得来说基础的已经差不多了,但决少like,in等,这些可以使用函数或一技巧上的转换实现.

    既然实现运算符重载,那当然就要重建一个对象做他基础实现,其作用就是类似于SQL中的字段.

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public class FieldInfo
     {
         public FieldInfo( string table, string name)
         {
             DBContext.Init();
             mTable = table;
             mName = name;
         }
         private string mTable;
         public string Table
         {
             get
             {
                 return mTable;
             }
         }
         private string mName;
         public string Name
         {
             get
             {
                 return mName;
             }
         }
}

     表达一个字段的类型以上描述就足够了,有所在的表名和字段名.在实现运算符重载前还是把基础功能用函数实现,运算符重载方法简单调用就OK了.

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public Expression Eq( object value)
         {
             string p = Expression.GetParamName();
             Expression exp = new Expression();
             exp.SqlText.Append( string .Format( " {0}=@{1} " ,Name,p));
             exp.Parameters.Add( new Command.Parameter{ Name=p,
                 Value=Mappings.PropertyCastAttribute.CastValue(Table,Name, value)});
             return exp;
         }
         public Expression LtEq( object value)
         {
             string p = Expression.GetParamName();
             Expression exp = new Expression();
             exp.SqlText.Append( string .Format( " {0}<=@{1} " , Name, p));
             exp.Parameters.Add( new Command.Parameter { Name = p,
                 Value = Mappings.PropertyCastAttribute.CastValue(Table, Name, value)
             });
             return exp;
         }
         public Expression Lt( object value)
         {
             string p = Expression.GetParamName();
             Expression exp = new Expression();
             exp.SqlText.Append( string .Format( " {0}<@{1} " , Name, p));
             exp.Parameters.Add( new Command.Parameter { Name = p,
                 Value = Mappings.PropertyCastAttribute.CastValue(Table, Name, value)
             });
             return exp;
         }

    大体上描述几个方法实现就行了,对于其他实现原理一样.下面开始运算重载部分

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public static Expression operator ==(FieldInfo field, object value)
         {
             if (value == null )
                 return field.IsNull();
             if (value is System.Collections.IEnumerable && value.GetType() != typeof ( string ))
                 return field.In((System.Collections.IEnumerable)value);
             return field.Eq(value);
         }
         public static Expression operator !=(FieldInfo field, object value)
         {
             if (value == null )
                 return field.IsNotNull();
             if (value is System.Collections.IEnumerable && value.GetType() != typeof ( string ))
                 return field.NotIn((System.Collections.IEnumerable)value);
             return field.NotEq(value);
         }
         public static Expression operator >(FieldInfo field, object value)
         {
             return field.Gt(value);
         }
         public static Expression operator >=(FieldInfo field, object value)
         {
             return field.GtEq(value);
         }
         public static Expression operator <(FieldInfo field, object value)
         {
             return field.Lt(value);
         }
         public static Expression operator <=(FieldInfo field, object value)
         {
             return field.LtEq(value);
         }

    到这里工作算是完成了,不过好象少了点什么东西似的...似乎没有实现&和|;因为这两个运算不是比较运算符所以不是FieldInfo对象实现的.以上代码中每个比较运算都返回了一个Expression对象,那&和|自然就由它来实现了

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public static Expression operator &(Expression exp1, Expression exp2)
         {
             if (exp1 == null || exp1.SqlText.Length == 0)
                 return exp2;
             if (exp2 == null || exp2.SqlText.Length == 0)
                 return exp1;
 
             Expression exp = new Expression();
             exp.SqlText.Append( "(" );
             exp.SqlText.Append(exp1.ToString());
 
             exp.SqlText.Append( ")" );
             exp.Parameters.AddRange(exp1.Parameters);
             exp.SqlText.Append( " and (" );
             exp.SqlText.Append(exp2.SqlText.ToString());
             exp.SqlText.Append( ")" );
             exp.Parameters.AddRange(exp2.Parameters);
             return exp;
         }
         public static Expression operator |(Expression exp1, Expression exp2)
         {
             if (exp1 == null || exp1.SqlText.Length == 0)
                 return exp2;
             if (exp2 == null || exp2.SqlText.Length == 0)
                 return exp1;
             Expression exp = new Expression();
             exp.SqlText.Append( "(" );
             exp.SqlText.Append(exp1.ToString());
            
             exp.SqlText.Append( ")" );
             exp.Parameters.AddRange(exp1.Parameters);
             exp.SqlText.Append( " or (" );
             exp.SqlText.Append(exp2.SqlText.ToString());
             exp.SqlText.Append( ")" );
             exp.Parameters.AddRange(exp2.Parameters);
             return exp;
 
         }

对于以上完整代码可以从https://smarkdata.svn.codeplex.com/svn/Smark/Smark.Data/Smark.Data/Expression.cs获取

实现代码的都完成的,那看一下分别在不同查询的情况下是什么效果:

sql:

     select * from customer where region='UK'

c#

    (Customer.Region=='UK').List<Customer>()

sql:

    select * from Orders where OrderDate>'1998-7-8' and OrderDate <' 1998-8-8'

c#

    (Order.OrderDate >"1998-7-8" & Order.OrderDate<"1998-8-8").List<Orders>()

sql:

    select * from Orders where CustomerID in('2','5','6')

c#

    (Orders.CustomerID ==new []{"2","5","6"}).List<Orders>();

sql:

    select * from Orders where CustomerID in(select customerid from customer where region='UK')

c#

    (Orders.CustomerID==Customer.CustomerID[Customer.Region=="UK"]).List<Orders>();

从以上代码可以看出由于自己重载所以自由度很高,对于==这个运算符可以代替很多SQL的比较操作如:=,in,in(select)等,当然还可以发挥编写者了想象力.

由于是自定义编写实现,那条件动态组合当然要比Linq所灵活很多:

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Expression exp;
if (a)
    exp &=order.id== "a" ;
if (b)
    exp &= order.customerid==customer.customerid[customer.region== "b" ]

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