通常如果我们希望通过注解的方式来进行Spring MVC开发,我们都会在***-servlet.xml中加入<mvc:annotation-driven/>标签来告诉Spring我们的目的。但是我们为什么这么做呢?这个标签是什么意思呢?它做了什么呢?
同样为了弄清楚这些问题, 像<context:component-scan/>标签一样,我们先找到它的解析类。第一篇文章中说过了,所有的自定义命名空间(像mvc,context等)下的标签解析都是由BeanDefinitionParser接口的子类来完成的。参看第一篇文章中的图片
我们看到有多个AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser,他们是用来处理不同命名空间下的<annotation-driven/>标签的,我们今天研究的是<mvc:annotation-driven/>标签,所以我们找到对应的实现类是org.springframework.web.servlet.config.AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser。
通过阅读类注释文档,我们发现这个类主要是用来向工厂中注册了
RequestMappingHandlerMapping
BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping
RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
HttpRequestHandlerAdapter
SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter
ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
ResponseStatusExceptionResolver
DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver
上面几个Bean实例。这几个类都是用来做什么的呢?
前两个是HandlerMapping接口的实现类,用来处理请求映射的。其中第一个是处理@RequestMapping注解的。第二个会将controller类的名字映射为请求url。
中间三个是用来处理请求的。具体点说就是确定调用哪个controller的哪个方法来处理当前请求。第一个处理@Controller注解的处理器,支持自定义方法参数和返回值(很酷)。第二个是处理继承HttpRequestHandler的处理器。第三个处理继承自Controller接口的处理器。
后面三个是用来处理异常的解析器。
光说无凭据,我们直接看代码:
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) { Object source = parserContext.extractSource(element); CompositeComponentDefinition compDefinition = new CompositeComponentDefinition(element.getTagName(), source); parserContext.pushContainingComponent(compDefinition); RuntimeBeanReference contentNegotiationManager = getContentNegotiationManager(element, source, parserContext); //第一个在这 RequestMappingHandlerMapping RootBeanDefinition handlerMappingDef = new RootBeanDefinition(RequestMappingHandlerMapping.class); handlerMappingDef.setSource(source); handlerMappingDef.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE); handlerMappingDef.getPropertyValues().add("order", 0); handlerMappingDef.getPropertyValues().add("removeSemicolonContent", false); handlerMappingDef.getPropertyValues().add("contentNegotiationManager", contentNegotiationManager); String methodMappingName = parserContext.getReaderContext().registerWithGeneratedName(handlerMappingDef); //第二个在这 RequestMappingHandlerAdapter RootBeanDefinition handlerAdapterDef = new RootBeanDefinition(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.class); handlerAdapterDef.setSource(source); handlerAdapterDef.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE); handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("contentNegotiationManager", contentNegotiationManager); handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("webBindingInitializer", bindingDef); handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("messageConverters", messageConverters); if (element.hasAttribute("ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect")) { Boolean ignoreDefaultModel = Boolean.valueOf(element.getAttribute("ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect")); handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect", ignoreDefaultModel); } if (argumentResolvers != null) { handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("customArgumentResolvers", argumentResolvers); } if (returnValueHandlers != null) { handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("customReturnValueHandlers", returnValueHandlers); } if (asyncTimeout != null) { handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("asyncRequestTimeout", asyncTimeout); } if (asyncExecutor != null) { handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("taskExecutor", asyncExecutor); } handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("callableInterceptors", callableInterceptors); handlerAdapterDef.getPropertyValues().add("deferredResultInterceptors", deferredResultInterceptors); String handlerAdapterName = parserContext.getReaderContext().registerWithGeneratedName(handlerAdapterDef); //异常处理解析器 RootBeanDefinition exceptionHandlerExceptionResolver = new RootBeanDefinition(ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver.class); exceptionHandlerExceptionResolver.setSource(source); exceptionHandlerExceptionResolver.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE); exceptionHandlerExceptionResolver.getPropertyValues().add("contentNegotiationManager", contentNegotiationManager); exceptionHandlerExceptionResolver.getPropertyValues().add("messageConverters", messageConverters); exceptionHandlerExceptionResolver.getPropertyValues().add("order", 0); String methodExceptionResolverName = parserContext.getReaderContext().registerWithGeneratedName(exceptionHandlerExceptionResolver); //异常处理解析器 RootBeanDefinition responseStatusExceptionResolver = new RootBeanDefinition(ResponseStatusExceptionResolver.class); responseStatusExceptionResolver.setSource(source); responseStatusExceptionResolver.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE); responseStatusExceptionResolver.getPropertyValues().add("order", 1); String responseStatusExceptionResolverName = parserContext.getReaderContext().registerWithGeneratedName(responseStatusExceptionResolver); //异常处理解析器 RootBeanDefinition defaultExceptionResolver = new RootBeanDefinition(DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver.class); defaultExceptionResolver.setSource(source); defaultExceptionResolver.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE); defaultExceptionResolver.getPropertyValues().add("order", 2); String defaultExceptionResolverName = parserContext.getReaderContext().registerWithGeneratedName(defaultExceptionResolver); parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(handlerMappingDef, methodMappingName)); parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(handlerAdapterDef, handlerAdapterName)); parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(exceptionHandlerExceptionResolver, methodExceptionResolverName)); parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(responseStatusExceptionResolver, responseStatusExceptionResolverName)); parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(defaultExceptionResolver, defaultExceptionResolverName)); parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(mappedCsInterceptorDef, mappedInterceptorName)); //这里注册了BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping,SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter等 // Ensure BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping (SPR-8289) and default HandlerAdapters are not "turned off" MvcNamespaceUtils.registerDefaultComponents(parserContext, source); parserContext.popAndRegisterContainingComponent(); return null; } //在这啊。 public static void registerDefaultComponents(ParserContext parserContext, Object source) { registerBeanNameUrlHandlerMapping(parserContext, source); registerHttpRequestHandlerAdapter(parserContext, source); registerSimpleControllerHandlerAdapter(parserContext, source); }
略长,但很容易看明白的代码。看注释我们发现,它的确注册了上面说的那几个类。
我们知道了它们自动为我们注册了这么多的Bean,那这些Bean是做什么的呢?
我们主要说明里面的两个,RequestMappingHandlerMapping和RequestMappingHandlerAdapter。
第一个是HandlerMapping的实现类,它会处理@RequestMapping 注解,并将其注册到请求映射表中。(下片文章我们会详细介绍的)
第二个是HandlerAdapter的实现类,它是处理请求的适配器,说白了,就是确定调用哪个类的哪个方法,并且构造方法参数,返回值。(后面文章也会陆续详细介绍的)
那么它跟<context:component-scan/>有什么区别呢?其实想上篇文章中介绍的,<context:component-scan/>标签是告诉Spring 来扫描指定包下的类,并注册被@Component,@Controller,@Service,@Repository等注解标记的组件。
而<mvc:annotation-scan/>是告知Spring,我们启用注解驱动。然后Spring会自动为我们注册上面说到的几个Bean到工厂中,来处理我们的请求。