Postgres逻辑备份脚本

昨天一个哥们说postgres的dump很难用，不尽然。下面 是利用Postgres自带的导出工具pg_dump来写的日常逻辑备份脚本，基本实现了每天自动备份，并保留一周时间。

环境：
CentOS 6.2
Postgres 9.1.3

1.整个库逻辑备份方案(相对较小)

#!/bin/bash

export PGHOME=/home/postgres
export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH
export PGDATA=/var/pgdata/
export BACKUP_DIR=/home/postgres/backup
export LANG=en_US.utf8
export DATE_1=`date +"%Y-%m-%d"`
export DATE_2=`date -d "-7 day"  +"%Y-%m-%d"`

######################################################
##
##  purpose:backup total database everyday logically
##  
##  author :kenyon
##   
##  created:2013-03-25
##
##  restore_script:psql -d db_kenyon -U postgres < /home/postgres/backup/file_name
##  
#####################################################

test -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_2

if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then

  rm -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_2

  echo " `date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` the file $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_2 has been moved"

fi

test -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_1

if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then

  echo "Today's(`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`) BACKUP job has done"

else

  pg_dump -h 192.168.1.142 -p 5432 -U postgres -b -Fp db_kenyon -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_1


######check the dump file whether produced successfully

  test -f $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_1

  if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
   
     echo " `date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` the database db_kenyon has been backuped to $BACKUP_DIR/db_kenyon_back_$DATE_1 successfully"

  else
    
     echo " `date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` the pg_dump failed"

  fi

fi

2.单表逻辑备份方案(表相对较大,下面采用的压缩级别为1级)

#!/bin/bash

export BACKUP_DIR=/home/postgres/backup
export DATE_1=`date +"%Y-%m-%d"`
export DATE_2=`date -d "-7 day"  +"%Y-%m-%d"`

#############################################################################
##
##  purpose:backup total database everyday logically
##  
##  author :kenyon
##   
##  created:2013-03-25
##
##  restore_script: pg_restore -U postgres -Fc -d db_name tbl_user_20130218.bak
##  
#############################################################################

source /home/postgres/.bash_profile

cd $BACKUP_DIR

if [ -d ./$DATE_2 ] ; then

  rm -rf $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_2

  echo " `date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` the file $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_2 has been moved"

fi

if [ -d ./$DATE_1 ] ; then

  echo "Today's(`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`) BACKUP job has done"

else
  
  mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1

##### With compress level 1 dump out relation tables ############################
  
  pg_dump -p 5432 -U postgres db_kenyon -Fc -Z 1 -t tbl_user -f  $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1/tbl_user_$DATE_1.bak
  pg_dump -p 5432 -U postgres db_kenyon -Fc -Z 1 -t tbl_company -f  $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1/tbl_company_$DATE_1.bak
  pg_dump -p 5432 -U postgres db_kenyon -Fc -Z 1 -t tbl_report_mon -f  $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1/tbl_report_mon_$DATE_1.bak
  pg_dump -p 5432 -U postgres db_kenyon -Fc -Z 1 -t tbl_report_daily -f  $BACKUP_DIR/$DATE_1/tbl_report_daily_$DATE_1.bak

 echo "Today's(`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`) BACKUP job has fineshed"

fi

3.Copy做增量备份 (时间或者ID)

psql -d db_kenyon -c"copy (select * from schema_name.table_name where crt_time>=$date) to '/home/postgres/tbl.bak'"  

psql -d db_kenyon -c"copy (select * from schema_name.table_name where id>=$id) to '/home/postgres/tbl.bak'" 

4.crontab定时调度 

50 1 * * * sh /home/postgres/script/DB_backup.sh >> /home/postgres/backup/backup.log 2>&1

5.说明
上述脚本相对简单，还可以加入其它一些异常判断和邮件发送等。