# echo "scsi add-single-device w x y z" > /proc/scsi/scsi
为使该命令正常运行,必须指定正确的参数值 w、x、y 和 z,如下所示:
w 是主机适配器标识,第一个适配器为零(0)
x 是主机适配器上的 SCSI 通道,第一个通道为零(0)
y 是设备的 SCSI 标识
z 是 LUN 号,第一个 LUN 为零(0)
相反的,在不重新引导系统的情况下将设备从系统中除去的命令是:
echo "scsi remove-single-device w x y z" > /proc/scsi/scsi
在输入这条命令并将热交换 SCSI 磁盘从系统中除去之前,请确保首先卸下已从该磁盘安装的任何文件系统。先用 cat /proc/partitions 看看系统认没有认该硬盘。
例如:
添加硬盘并查看
# echo "scsi add-single-device 0 0 1 0" >/proc/scsi/scsi
# fdisk -l
删除硬盘并查看
# echo "scsi remove-single-device 0 0 1 0" >/proc/scsi/scsi
# fdisk -l
或者用http://www.garloff.de/kurt/linux/rescan-scsi-bus.sh这个脚本自动做
#!/bin/bash # Skript to rescan SCSI bus, using the # scsi add-single-device mechanism # (c) 1998--2008 Kurt Garloff , GNU GPL v2 or later # (c) 2006--2008 Hannes Reinecke, GNU GPL v2 or later # $Id: rescan-scsi-bus.sh,v 1.48 2010/08/10 19:32:22 garloff Exp $ setcolor () { red="\e[0;31m" green="\e[0;32m" yellow="\e[0;33m" bold="\e[0;1m" norm="\e[0;0m" } unsetcolor () { red=""; green="" yellow=""; norm="" } # Output some text and return cursor to previous position # (only works for simple strings) # Stores length of string in LN and returns it print_and_scroll_back () { STRG="$1" LN=${#STRG} BK="" declare -i cntr=0 while test $cntr -lt $LN; do BK="$BK\e[D"; let cntr+=1; done echo -en "$STRG$BK" return $LN } # Overwrite a text of length $1 (fallback to $LN) with whitespace white_out () { BK=""; WH="" if test -n "$1"; then LN=$1; fi declare -i cntr=0 while test $cntr -lt $LN; do BK="$BK\e[D"; WH="$WH "; let cntr+=1; done echo -en "$WH$BK" } # Return hosts. sysfs must be mounted findhosts_26 () { hosts= for hostdir in /sys/class/scsi_host/host*; do hostno=${hostdir#/sys/class/scsi_host/host} if [ -f $hostdir/isp_name ] ; then hostname="qla2xxx" elif [ -f $hostdir/lpfc_drvr_version ] ; then hostname="lpfc" else hostname=`cat $hostdir/proc_name` fi hosts="$hosts $hostno" echo "Host adapter $hostno ($hostname) found." done if [ -z "$hosts" ] ; then echo "No SCSI host adapters found in sysfs" exit 1; fi hosts=`echo $hosts | sed 's/ /\n/g' | sort -n` } # Return hosts. /proc/scsi/HOSTADAPTER/? must exist findhosts () { hosts= for driverdir in /proc/scsi} if test $name = add_map -o $name = map -o $name = mod_parm; then continue; fi num=$name driverinfo=$driver if test -r $hostdir/status; then num=$(printf '%d\n' `sed -n 's/SCSI host number://p' $hostdir/status`) driverinfo="$driver:$name" fi hosts="$hosts $num" echo "Host adapter $num ($driverinfo) found." done done } printtype () { local type=$1 case "$type" in 0) echo "Direct-Access " ;; 1) echo "Sequential-Access" ;; 2) echo "Printer " ;; 3) echo "Processor " ;; 4) echo "WORM " ;; 5) echo "CD-ROM " ;; 6) echo "Scanner " ;; 7) echo "Optical Device " ;; 8) echo "Medium Changer " ;; 9) echo "Communications " ;; 10) echo "Unknown " ;; 11) echo "Unknown " ;; 12) echo "RAID " ;; 13) echo "Enclosure " ;; 14) echo "Direct-Access-RBC" ;; *) echo "Unknown " ;; esac } print02i() { if [ "$1" = "*" ] ; then echo "00" else printf "i" "$1" fi } # Get /proc/scsi/scsi info for device $host:$channel:$id:$lun # Optional parameter: Number of lines after first (default = 2), # result in SCSISTR, return code 1 means empty. procscsiscsi () { if test -z "$1"; then LN=2; else LN=$1; fi CHANNEL=`print02i "$channel"` ID=`print02i "$id"` LUN=`print02i "$lun"` if [ -d /sys/class/scsi_device ]; then SCSIPATH="/sys/class/scsi_device/${host}:${channel}:${id}:${lun}" if [ -d "$SCSIPATH" ] ; then SCSISTR="Host: scsi${host} Channel: $CHANNEL Id: $ID Lun: $LUN" if [ "$LN" -gt 0 ] ; then IVEND=$(cat ${SCSIPATH}/device/vendor) IPROD=$(cat ${SCSIPATH}/device/model) IPREV=$(cat ${SCSIPATH}/device/rev) SCSIDEV=$(printf ' Vendor: %-08s Model: %-16s Rev: %-4s' "$IVEND" "$IPROD" "$IPREV") SCSISTR="$SCSISTR $SCSIDEV" fi if [ "$LN" -gt 1 ] ; then ILVL=$(cat ${SCSIPATH}/device/scsi_level) type=$(cat ${SCSIPATH}/device/type) ITYPE=$(printtype $type) SCSITMP=$(printf ' Type: %-16s ANSI SCSI revision: d' "$ITYPE" "$((ILVL - 1))") SCSISTR="$SCSISTR $SCSITMP" fi else return 1 fi else grepstr="scsi$host Channel: $CHANNEL Id: $ID Lun: $LUN" SCSISTR=`cat /proc/scsi/scsi | grep -A$LN -e"$grepstr"` fi if test -z "$SCSISTR"; then return 1; else return 0; fi } # Find sg device with 2.6 sysfs support sgdevice26 () { if test -e /sys/class/scsi_device/$host\:$channel\:$id\:$lun/device/generic; then SGDEV=`readlink /sys/class/scsi_device/$host\:$channel\:$id\:$lun/device/generic` SGDEV=`basename $SGDEV` else for SGDEV in /sys/class/scsi_generic/sg*; do DEV=`readlink $SGDEV/device` if test "${DEV##*/}" = "$host:$channel:$id:$lun"; then SGDEV=`basename $SGDEV`; return fi done SGDEV="" fi } # Find sg device with 2.4 report-devs extensions sgdevice24 () { if procscsiscsi 3; then SGDEV=`echo "$SCSISTR" | grep 'Attached drivers:' | sed 's/^ *Attached drivers: \(sg[0-9]*\).*/\1/'` fi } # Find sg device that belongs to SCSI device $host $channel $id $lun # and return in SGDEV sgdevice () { SGDEV= if test -d /sys/class/scsi_device; then sgdevice26 else DRV=`grep 'Attached drivers:' /proc/scsi/scsi 2>/dev/null` repdevstat=$((1-$?)) if [ $repdevstat = 0 ]; then echo "scsi report-devs 1" >/proc/scsi/scsi DRV=`grep 'Attached drivers:' /proc/scsi/scsi 2>/dev/null` if [ $? = 1 ]; then return; fi fi if ! `echo $DRV | grep 'drivers: sg' >/dev/null`; then modprobe sg fi sgdevice24 if [ $repdevstat = 0 ]; then echo "scsi report-devs 0" >/proc/scsi/scsi fi fi } # Test if SCSI device is still responding to commands testonline () { : testonline RC=0 if test ! -x /usr/bin/sg_turs; then return 0; fi sgdevice if test -z "$SGDEV"; then return 0; fi sg_turs /dev/$SGDEV >/dev/null 2>&1 RC=$? # Handle in progress of becoming ready and unit attention -- wait at max 11s declare -i ctr=0 if test $RC = 2 -o $RC = 6; then RMB=`sg_inq /dev/$SGDEV | grep 'RMB=' | sed 's/^.*RMB=\(.\).*$/\1/'` print_and_scroll_back "$host:$channel:$id:$lun $SGDEV ($RMB) " fi while test $RC = 2 -o $RC = 6 && test $ctr -le 8; do if test $RC = 2 -a "$RMB" != "1"; then echo -n "."; let $LN+=1; sleep 1 else usleep 20000; fi let ctr+=1 sg_turs /dev/$SGDEV >/dev/null 2>&1 RC=$? done if test $ctr != 0; then white_out; fi # echo -e "\e[A\e[A\e[A${yellow}Test existence of $SGDEV = $RC ${norm} \n\n\n" if test $RC = 1; then return $RC; fi # Reset RC (might be !=0 for passive paths) RC=0 # OK, device online, compare INQUIRY string INQ=`sg_inq $sg_len_arg /dev/$SGDEV 2>/dev/null` IVEND=`echo "$INQ" | grep 'Vendor identification:' | sed 's/^[^:]*: \(.*\)$/\1/'` IPROD=`echo "$INQ" | grep 'Product identification:' | sed 's/^[^:]*: \(.*\)$/\1/'` IPREV=`echo "$INQ" | grep 'Product revision level:' | sed 's/^[^:]*: \(.*\)$/\1/'` STR=`printf " Vendor: %-08s Model: %-16s Rev: %-4s" "$IVEND" "$IPROD" "$IPREV"` IPTYPE=`echo "$INQ" | sed -n 's/.* Device_type=\([0-9]*\) .*/\1/p'` IPQUAL=`echo "$INQ" | sed -n 's/ *PQual=\([0-9]*\) Device.*/\1/p'` if [ "$IPQUAL" != 0 ] ; then echo -e "\e[A\e[A\e[A\e[A${red}$SGDEV changed: ${bold}LU not available (PQual $IPQUAL)${norm} \n\n\n" return 2 fi TYPE=$(printtype $IPTYPE) procscsiscsi TMPSTR=`echo "$SCSISTR" | grep 'Vendor:'` if [ "$TMPSTR" != "$STR" ]; then echo -e "\e[A\e[A\e[A\e[A${red}$SGDEV changed: ${bold}\nfrom:${SCSISTR#* } \nto: $STR ${norm} \n\n\n" return 1 fi TMPSTR=`echo "$SCSISTR" | sed -n 's/.*Type: *\(.*\) *ANSI.*/\1/p'` if [ $TMPSTR != $TYPE ] ; then echo -e "\e[A\e[A\e[A\e[A${red}$SGDEV changed: ${bold}\nfrom:${TMPSTR} \nto: $TYPE ${norm} \n\n\n" return 1 fi return $RC } # Test if SCSI device $host $channen $id $lun exists # Outputs description from /proc/scsi/scsi (unless arg passed) # Returns SCSISTR (empty if no dev) testexist () { : testexist SCSISTR= if procscsiscsi && test -z "$1"; then echo "$SCSISTR" | head -n1 echo "$SCSISTR" | tail -n2 | pr -o4 -l1 fi } # Returns the list of existing channels per host chanlist () { local hcil local cil local chan local tmpchan for dev in /sys/class/scsi_device/${host}:* ; do [ -d $dev ] || continue; hcil=${dev##*/} cil=${hcil#*:} chan=${cil%%:*} for tmpchan in $channelsearch ; do if test "$chan" -eq $tmpchan ; then chan= fi done if test -n "$chan" ; then channelsearch="$channelsearch $chan" fi done if test -z "$channelsearch"; then channelsearch="0"; fi } # Returns the list of existing targets per host idlist () { local hcil local cil local il local target local tmpid for dev in /sys/class/scsi_device/${host}:${channel}:* ; do [ -d $dev ] || continue; hcil=${dev##*/} cil=${hcil#*:} il=${cil#*:} target=${il%%:*} for tmpid in $idsearch ; do if test "$target" -eq $tmpid ; then target= break fi done if test -n "$target" ; then idsearch="$idsearch $target" fi done } # Returns the list of existing LUNs from device $host $channel $id $lun # and returns list to stdout getluns() { sgdevice if test -z "$SGDEV"; then return; fi if test ! -x /usr/bin/sg_luns; then echo 0; return; fi LLUN=`sg_luns -d /dev/$SGDEV 2>/dev/null` if test $? != 0; then echo 0; return; fi echo "$LLUN" | sed -n 's/.*lun=\(.*\)/\1/p' } # Wait for udev to settle (create device nodes etc.) udevadm_settle() { if test -x /sbin/udevadm; then print_and_scroll_back " Calling udevadm settle (can take a while) " /sbin/udevadm settle white_out else usleep 20000 fi } # Perform scan on a single lun $host $channel $id $lun dolunscan() { SCSISTR= devnr="$host $channel $id $lun" echo "Scanning for device $devnr ... " printf "${yellow}OLD: $norm" testexist # Special case: lun 0 just got added (for reportlunscan), # so make sure we correctly treat it as new if test "$lun" = "0" -a "$1"; then SCSISTR="" printf "\r\e[A\e[A\e[A" fi : f $remove s $SCSISTR if test "$remove" -a "$SCSISTR"; then # Device exists: Test whether it's still online # (testonline returns 1 if it's gone or has changed) testonline RC=$? if test $RC != 0 -o ! -z "$forceremove"; then echo -en "\r\e[A\e[A\e[A${red}REM: " echo "$SCSISTR" | head -n1 echo -e "${norm}\e[B\e[B" if test -e /sys/class/scsi_device/${host}:${channel}:${id}:${lun}/device; then echo 1 > /sys/class/scsi_device/${host}:${channel}:${id}:${lun}/device/delete if test $RC -eq 1 -o $lun -eq 0 ; then # Try readding, should fail if device is gone echo "$channel $id $lun" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host${host}/scan fi # FIXME: Can we skip udevadm settle for removal? #udevadm_settle usleep 20000 else echo "scsi remove-single-device $devnr" > /proc/scsi/scsi if test $RC -eq 1 -o $lun -eq 0 ; then # Try readding, should fail if device is gone echo "scsi add-single-device $devnr" > /proc/scsi/scsi fi fi fi if test $RC = 0 -o "$forcerescan" ; then if test -e /sys/class/scsi_device/${host}:${channel}:${id}:${lun}/device; then echo 1 > /sys/class/scsi_device/${host}:${channel}:${id}:${lun}/device/rescan udevadm_settle fi fi printf "\r\e[A\e[A\e[A${yellow}OLD: $norm" testexist if test -z "$SCSISTR"; then printf "\r${red}DEL: $norm\r\n\n" let rmvd+=1; return 1 fi fi if test -z "$SCSISTR"; then # Device does not exist, try to add printf "\r${green}NEW: $norm" if test -e /sys/class/scsi_host/host${host}/scan; then echo "$channel $id $lun" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host${host}/scan 2> /dev/null udevadm_settle else echo "scsi add-single-device $devnr" > /proc/scsi/scsi fi testexist if test -z "$SCSISTR"; then # Device not present printf "\r\e[A"; # Optimization: if lun==0, stop here (only if in non-remove mode) if test $lun = 0 -a -z "$remove" -a $optscan = 1; then break; fi else let found+=1; fi fi } # Perform report lun scan on $host $channel $id using REPORT_LUNS doreportlun() { lun=0 SCSISTR= devnr="$host $channel $id $lun" echo -en "Scanning for device $devnr ...\r" lun0added= #printf "${yellow}OLD: $norm" # Phase one: If LUN0 does not exist, try to add testexist -q if test -z "$SCSISTR"; then # Device does not exist, try to add #printf "\r${green}NEW: $norm" if test -e /sys/class/scsi_host/host${host}/scan; then echo "$channel $id $lun" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host${host}/scan 2> /dev/null udevadm_settle else echo "scsi add-single-device $devnr" > /proc/scsi/scsi fi testexist -q if test -n "$SCSISTR"; then lun0added=1 #testonline else # Device not present # return # Find alternative LUN to send getluns to for dev in /sys/class/scsi_device/${host}:${channel}:${id}:*; do [ -d "$dev" ] || continue lun=${dev##*:} break done fi fi targetluns=`getluns` lunremove= #echo "getluns reports " $targetluns # Check existing luns for dev in /sys/class/scsi_device/${host}:${channel}:${id}:*; do [ -d "$dev" ] || continue lun=${dev##*:} newsearch= inlist= # OK, is existing $lun (still) in reported list for tmplun in $targetluns; do if test $tmplun -eq $lun ; then inlist=1 dolunscan $lun0added else newsearch="$newsearch $tmplun" fi done # OK, we have now done a lunscan on $lun and # $newsearch is the old $targetluns without $lun if [ -z "$inlist" ]; then # Stale lun lunremove="$lunremove $lun" fi # $lun removed from $lunsearch (echo for whitespace cleanup) targetluns=`echo $newsearch` done # Add new ones and check stale ones for lun in $targetluns $lunremove; do dolunscan $lun0added done } # Perform search (scan $host) dosearch () { if test -z "$channelsearch" ; then chanlist fi for channel in $channelsearch; do if test -z "$idsearch" ; then idlist fi for id in $idsearch; do if test -z "$lunsearch" ; then doreportlun else for lun in $lunsearch; do dolunscan done fi done done } expandlist () { list=$1 result="" first=${list%%,*} rest=${list#*,} while test ! -z "$first"; do beg=${first%%-*}; if test "$beg" = "$first"; then result="$result $beg"; else end=${first#*-} result="$result `seq $beg $end`" fi test "$rest" = "$first" && rest="" first=${rest%%,*} rest=${rest#*,} done echo $result } # main if test @$1 = @--help -o @$1 = @-h -o @$1 = @-?; then echo "Usage: rescan-scsi-bus.sh [options] [host [host ...]]" echo "Options:" echo " -l activates scanning for LUNs 0--7 [default: 0]" echo " -L NUM activates scanning for LUNs 0--NUM [default: 0]" echo " -w scan for target device IDs 0--15 [default: 0--7]" echo " -c enables scanning of channels 0 1 [default: 0 / all detected ones]" echo " -r enables removing of devices [default: disabled]" echo " -i issue a FibreChannel LIP reset [default: disabled]" echo "--remove: same as -r" echo "--issue-lip: same as -i" echo "--forcerescan: Rescan existing devices" echo "--forceremove: Remove and readd every device (DANGEROUS)" echo "--nooptscan: don't stop looking for LUNs is 0 is not found" echo "--color: use coloured prefixes OLD/NEW/DEL" echo "--hosts=LIST: Scan only host(s) in LIST" echo "--channels=LIST: Scan only channel(s) in LIST" echo "--ids=LIST: Scan only target ID(s) in LIST" echo "--luns=LIST: Scan only lun(s) in LIST" echo "--sync/nosync: Issue a sync / no sync [default: sync if remove]" echo "--attachpq3: Tell kernel to attach sg to LUN 0 that reports PQ=3" echo "--reportlun2: Tell kernel to try REPORT_LUN even on SCSI2 devices" echo "--largelun: Tell kernel to support LUNs > 7 even on SCSI2 devs" echo "--sparselun: Tell kernel to support sparse LUN numbering" echo " Host numbers may thus be specified either directly on cmd line (deprecated) or" echo " or with the --hosts=LIST parameter (recommended)." echo "LIST: A[-B][,C[-D]]... is a comma separated list of single values and ranges" echo " (No spaces allowed.)" exit 0 fi if test ! -d /sys/class/scsi_host/ -a ! -d /proc/scsi/; then echo "Error: SCSI subsystem not active" exit 1 fi # Make sure sg is there modprobe sg >/dev/null 2>&1 if test -x /usr/bin/sg_inq; then sg_version=$(sg_inq -V 2>&1 | cut -d " " -f 3) sg_version=${sg_version##0.} #echo "\"$sg_version\"" if [ -z "$sg_version" -o "$sg_version" -lt 70 ] ; then sg_len_arg="-36" else sg_len_arg="--len=36" fi fi # defaults unsetcolor lunsearch= opt_idsearch=`seq 0 7` opt_channelsearch= remove= forceremove= optscan=1 sync=1 declare -i scan_flags=0 if test -d /sys/class/scsi_host; then findhosts_26 else findhosts fi # Scan options opt="$1" while test ! -z "$opt" -a -z "${opt##-*}"; do opt=${opt#-} case "$opt" in l) lunsearch=`seq 0 7` ;; L) lunsearch=`seq 0 $2`; shift ;; w) opt_idsearch=`seq 0 15` ;; c) opt_channelsearch="0 1" ;; r) remove=1 ;; i) lipreset=1 ;; -remove) remove=1 ;; -forcerescan) remove=1; forcerescan=1 ;; -forceremove) remove=1; forceremove=1 ;; -hosts=*) arg=${opt#-hosts=}; hosts=`expandlist $arg` ;; -channels=*) arg=${opt#-channels=};opt_channelsearch=`expandlist $arg` ;; -ids=*) arg=${opt#-ids=}; opt_idsearch=`expandlist $arg` ;; -luns=*) arg=${opt#-luns=}; lunsearch=`expandlist $arg` ;; -color) setcolor ;; -nooptscan) optscan=0 ;; -issue-lip) lipreset=1 ;; -sync) sync=2 ;; -nosync) sync=0 ;; -attachpq3) scan_flags=$(($scan_flags|0x1000000)) ;; -reportlun2) scan_flags=$(($scan_flags|0x20000)) ;; -largelun) scan_flags=$(($scan_flags|0x200)) ;; -sparselun) scan_flags=$((scan_flags|0x40)) ;; *) echo "Unknown option -$opt !" ;; esac shift opt="$1" done # Hosts given ? if test "@$1" != "@"; then hosts=$* fi if [ -d /sys/class/scsi_host -a ! -w /sys/class/scsi_host ]; then echo "You need to run scsi-rescan-bus.sh as root" exit 2 fi if test "$sync" = 1 -a "$remove" = 1; then sync=2; fi if test "$sync" = 2; then echo "Syncing file systems"; sync; fi if test -w /sys/module/scsi_mod/parameters/default_dev_flags -a $scan_flags != 0; then OLD_SCANFLAGS=`cat /sys/module/scsi_mod/parameters/default_dev_flags` NEW_SCANFLAGS=$(($OLD_SCANFLAGS|$scan_flags)) if test "$OLD_SCANFLAGS" != "$NEW_SCANFLAGS"; then echo -n "Temporarily setting kernel scanning flags from " printf "0xx to 0xx\n" $OLD_SCANFLAGS $NEW_SCANFLAGS echo $NEW_SCANFLAGS > /sys/module/scsi_mod/parameters/default_dev_flags else unset OLD_SCANFLAGS fi fi echo "Scanning SCSI subsystem for new devices" test -z "$remove" || echo " and remove devices that have disappeared" declare -i found=0 declare -i rmvd=0 for host in $hosts; do echo -n "Scanning host $host " if test -e /sys/class/fc_host/host$host ; then # It's pointless to do a target scan on FC if test -n "$lipreset" ; then echo 1 > /sys/class/fc_host/host$host/issue_lip 2> /dev/null; fi # Always trigger a rescan for FC to update channels and targets echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host$host/scan 2> /dev/null; channelsearch= idsearch= udevadm_settle else channelsearch=$opt_channelsearch idsearch=$opt_idsearch fi [ -n "$channelsearch" ] && echo -n "channels $channelsearch " echo -n "for " if [ -n "$idsearch" ] ; then echo -n " SCSI target IDs " $idsearch else echo -n " all SCSI target IDs" fi if [ -n "$lunsearch" ] ; then echo ", LUNs " $lunsearch else echo ", all LUNs" fi dosearch done if test -n "$OLD_SCANFLAGS"; then echo $OLD_SCANFLAGS > /sys/module/scsi_mod/parameters/default_dev_flags fi echo "$found new device(s) found. " echo "$rmvd device(s) removed. "