在单数据源(单个ip)下的多库,可以使用use xxdb 命令进行切换,但是如果多个数据源的情况下,use命令就不行了。在play框架中,提供了多数据源多库的切换。本文不提供完全的例子,只提供部分的代码,而且重点是在后面的修改源码。 如果需要多ip多库切换,就必须有一个主库,保存所有分库的信息。就如云应用中,需要保存所有租户的数据源与库名,因为可能是多个库共用一个服务器,多个服务器构成集群云应用。 首先需要配置数据源,其中有主库的db与分库db_01: Conf/application.conf
jpa.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect db.url=jdbc:mysql://basedbip:3306/pop?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 db.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver db.user=root db.pass=root db=pop db_01.url=jdbc:mysql://anotherdbip:3306/pop?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 db_01.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver db_01.user=root db_01.pass=root db_01=pop01
切库的方法如下: Util/DB.java
package util; import play.db.jpa.JPA; public class DB { public static void changeDB(String dbconfigname, String dbname){ try { JPA.setCurrentConfigName(dbconfigname); if (JPA.em().getTransaction().isActive() == false) { JPA.em().getTransaction().begin(); } JPA.em().createNativeQuery("use "+dbname).executeUpdate(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
完成上述配置后,可以进行自由切库,但是如果你实际运行中,却出现一个重大问题。就是在controller层涉及数据封装,如:修改用户:
public static void update(@Required @Valid User user){ user.save(); renderText(user.id); }
在封装user对象参数的时候,play1.x框架的自动查询数据库,这个处理是在controller方法之前,所以根本无法切库!因为主库与分库表与数据不同,所以会报错!
play.exceptions.UnexpectedException: Unexpected Error at play.data.validation.ValidationPlugin.beforeActionInvocation(ValidationPlugin.java:59) at play.plugins.PluginCollection.beforeActionInvocation(PluginCollection.java:518) at play.mvc.ActionInvoker.invoke(ActionInvoker.java:131) at Invocation.HTTP Request(Play!) Caused by: play.exceptions.UnexpectedException: Unexpected Error at play.db.jpa.JPAPlugin.bind(JPAPlugin.java:67) at play.plugins.PluginCollection.bind(PluginCollection.java:468) at play.data.binding.Binder.bind(Binder.java:309) at play.mvc.ActionInvoker.getActionMethodArgs(ActionInvoker.java:621) at play.data.validation.ValidationPlugin$Validator.validateAction(ValidationPlugin.java:95) at play.data.validation.ValidationPlugin.beforeActionInvocation(ValidationPlugin.java:51) ... 3 more Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not execute query at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1214) at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1147) at org.hibernate.ejb.QueryImpl.getSingleResult(QueryImpl.java:307) at play.db.jpa.JPAPlugin.bind(JPAPlugin.java:62) ... 8 more Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not execute query at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:92) at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:66) at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2536) at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.listIgnoreQueryCache(Loader.java:2276) at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.list(Loader.java:2271) at org.hibernate.loader.hql.QueryLoader.list(QueryLoader.java:452) at org.hibernate.hql.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.list(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:363) at org.hibernate.engine.query.HQLQueryPlan.performList(HQLQueryPlan.java:196) at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.list(SessionImpl.java:1268) at org.hibernate.impl.QueryImpl.list(QueryImpl.java:102) at org.hibernate.ejb.QueryImpl.getSingleResult(QueryImpl.java:274) ... 9 more Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Table ´pop.user´ doesn´t exist at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:407) at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:382) at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1052) at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3593) at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3525) at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:1986) at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2140) at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2626) at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:2111) at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeQuery(PreparedStatement.java:2273) at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.getResultSet(AbstractBatcher.java:208) at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.getResultSet(Loader.java:1953) at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQuery(Loader.java:802) at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:274) at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2533) ... 17 more
看到错误栈最后一条信息,说表不存在! 可能你想在父类控制器controller利用@before标签,统一在方法调用前,进行拦截配置。但是结果会让你失望!错误会依旧! 这时候我们需要根据报错信息,深入play框架源码。 从caused by中看到JPAPlugin.java,可是已经用到JPA查询数据库了。在第二个caused by中 JPAPlugin.java:62 处可以看到jpaplugin的bind方法如下:
@Override @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public Object bind(String name, Class clazz, java.lang.reflect.Type type, Annotation[] annotations, Map params) { // TODO need to be more generic in order to work with JPASupport if (JPABase.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) { String keyName = Model.Manager.factoryFor(clazz).keyName(); String idKey = name + "." + keyName; if (params.containsKey(idKey) && params.get(idKey).length > 0 && params.get(idKey)[0] != null && params.get(idKey)[0].trim().length() > 0) { String id = params.get(idKey)[0]; try { Query query = JPA.em().createQuery("from " + clazz.getName() + " o where o." + keyName + " = ?"); query.setParameter(1, play.data.binding.Binder.directBind(name, annotations, id + "", Model.Manager.factoryFor(clazz).keyType())); Object o = query.getSingleResult(); return GenericModel.edit(o, name, params, annotations); } catch (NoResultException e) { // ok } catch (Exception e) { throw new UnexpectedException(e); } } return GenericModel.create(clazz, name, params, annotations); } return super.bind(name, clazz, type, annotations, params); }
一目了然,方法中第70行
Query query = JPA.em().createQuery("from " + clazz.getName() + " o where o." + keyName + " = ?");
是在根据主键查询数据表中数据,但是这个时候还没有有切到相应的分库,所以是没有要查询表的!(就算主库中相应的表,也没有相应的数据)。 为什么说没有切库呢?不是用@before处理了吗?我们继续追寻错误信息到ActionInvoker.java 中的invoke方法,代码太多,只贴出错误提示的131行附近
ControllerInstrumentation.stopActionCall(); Play.pluginCollection.beforeActionInvocation(actionMethod); // Monitoring monitor = MonitorFactory.start(request.action + "()"); // 3. Invoke the action try { // @Before handleBefores(request); // Action Result actionResult = null; String cacheKey = null;
在此处
Play.pluginCollection.beforeActionInvocation(actionMethod);
play框架处理了一系列插件调用前的准备工作,包括redisplugin/jpaplugin/validationplugin/wsplugin等等,其中的validationplugin就是处理所有有校验注解的实体类,同时也包括打了@id注解的主键而处理@before的方法在后面的
handleBefores(request);
所以说 用befores也是无用的! 这里一个可行的方案是修改play源码,仿照befores注解的处理,在play.mvc下添加一个BeforeValidation注解,在校验之前进行切库!
play.mvc.BeforeValidation.java package play.mvc; import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; import java.lang.annotation.Retention; import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; import java.lang.annotation.Target; /** * Mark this method as @BeforeValidation interceptor */ @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target(ElementType.METHOD) public @interface BeforeValidation { /** * Does not intercept these actions */ String[] unless() default {}; String[] only() default {}; /** * Interceptor priority (0 is high priority) */ int priority() default 0; }
同时在ActionInvoker中添加方法handleBeforeValidations play.mvc.ActionInvoker.java
private static void handleBefores(Http.Request request) throws Exception { List befores = Java.findAllAnnotatedMethods(Controller.getControllerClass(), Before.class); Collections.sort(befores, new Comparator() { public int compare(Method m1, Method m2) { Before before1 = m1.getAnnotation(Before.class); Before before2 = m2.getAnnotation(Before.class); return before1.priority() - before2.priority(); } }); ControllerInstrumentation.stopActionCall(); for (Method before : befores) { String[] unless = before.getAnnotation(Before.class).unless(); String[] only = before.getAnnotation(Before.class).only(); boolean skip = false; for (String un : only) { if (!un.contains(".")) { un = before.getDeclaringClass().getName().substring(12).replace("$", "") + "." + un; } if (un.equals(request.action)) { skip = false; break; } else { skip = true; } } for (String un : unless) { if (!un.contains(".")) { un = before.getDeclaringClass().getName().substring(12).replace("$", "") + "." + un; } if (un.equals(request.action)) { skip = true; break; } } if (!skip) { before.setAccessible(true); inferResult(invokeControllerMethod(before)); } } }
再将handleBeforeValidations处理方法,放到 Play.pluginCollection.beforeActionInvocation前面
ControllerInstrumentation.stopActionCall(); //@BeforeValidation handleBeforeValidations(request); Play.pluginCollection.beforeActionInvocation(actionMethod); // Monitoring monitor = MonitorFactory.start(request.action + "()"); // 3. Invoke the action try { // @Before handleBefores(request); // Action Result actionResult = null; String cacheKey = null;
这样一来,就可以通过BeforeValidation注解在application中添加相应的切库逻辑。就可以解决Jpa封装对象参数报错问题。 另外还有切库依据,可以将相应的数据源等数据存放一个对象,用sessionid做key存放在redis中,每次请求过来就进行切库,顺便检测是否登陆。