centos6.4(64位)安装nginx1.7.1+php-5.5.13+mysql-5.5.25
本文所用的所有安装包下载：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1zWTDc
第一步：安装所需依赖包
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf cmake libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng \ libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel \ glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel \ curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel \ openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients \ openldap-servers gd gd2 gd-devel gd2-devel perl-CPAN
第二步：安装mysql-5.5.25
创建mysql用户和组
groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql -s /usr/sbin/nologin mysql mkdir -p /data/mysql/data mkdir /data/logs chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
编译安装mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.25.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.25 cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_unicode_ci -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=0 make && make install
配置开机自启动
cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on
添加MySQL的软链接以适应init脚本
ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/sbin/mysql ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/sbin/mysqladmin ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/sbin/mysqldump
修改配置文件
cp ./support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf vi /etc/my.cnf # 输入以下内容（可以先清空默认内容）: [mysqld] datadir=/data/mysql/data socket=/tmp/mysql.sock user=mysql symbolic-links=0 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/mysql/logs/mysqld.log pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid user=mysql tmpdir=/tmp
初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
启动mysql
service mysqld start # 或 /etc/init.d/mysqld start
进入mysql（直接回车即可进入mysql）
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678'; DELETE FROM user WHERE User!=‘admin’; #删除原先默认的用户，仅保留新建的admin用户
第三步：安装nginx1.7.1
添加www用户和组、创建网站虚拟目录
groupadd www useradd -g www -s /usr/sbin/nologin www mkdir -p /data/htdocs/www chmod +w /data/htdocs/www chown -R www:www /data/htdocs/www
安装Nginx所需的pcre库
tar zxvf pcre-8.33.tar.gz cd pcre-8.33 ./configure make && make install ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /usr/lib64/libpcre.so.1 cd ../
安装nginx1.7.1
tar zxvf nginx-1.7.1.tar.gz cd nginx-1.7.1 ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module make && make install cd ../
创建nginx日志目录
mkdir -p /data/logs chmod +w /data/logs chown -R www:www /data/logs
创建Nginx配置文件，在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
输入以下内容：
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /data/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/htdocs/www;
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
}
}
在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
输入一下内容：
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
启动nginx：
ulimit -SHn 65535 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
第三步：安装php5.5.13
安装PHP所需依赖包：
tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.14 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make make install cd ../ tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ ./configure make make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make make install cd ../../ tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ ./configure make make install cd ../ # 对共享库做符号链接 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib64/libmhash.a ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib64/libmhash.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib64/libmhash.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2.0.1 ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.18 tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8/ /sbin/ldconfig ./configure make make install cd ../
安装php：
tar zxvf php-5.5.13.tar.gz cd php-5.5.13 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \ --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \ --with-iconv-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr \ --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization \ --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf \ --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap \ --enable-opcache=no --without-pear --disable-fileinfo #注：如果内存较大 可以去掉--disable-fileinfo make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make install cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini cd ../ cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
修改
user = nobody group = nobody
为
user = www group = www
# 将;pid = run/php-fpm.pid前的;去掉并修改为 pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
启动php-fpm
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
将Nginx与fpm加入自启动
vi /etc/rc.local # 输入 ulimit -SHn 65535 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
编译PHP扩展模块memcache、pdo_mysql、imagick
tar zxvf memcache-3.0.8.tgz cd memcache-3.0.8 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../ tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/* /usr/local/include/ make make install cd ../ tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/ ./configure make make install cd ../ tar zxvf imagick-3.2.0RC1.tgz cd imagick-3.2.0RC1 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../
修改php.ini配置文件
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini #查找; extension_dir = "/" 将前面的;去掉并修改为 extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/" #并加入 extension=memcache.so extension=pdo_mysql.so extension=imagick.so
执行下面的命令使配置文件立即生效：
kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
其他（可选）：
优化linux内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
在末尾增加以下内容：
# Add net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768 net.core.somaxconn = 32768 net.core.wmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 #net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800 #net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30 #net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
使配置立即生效：
/sbin/sysctl -p
安装opcache（因为PHP 5.5已经集成Zend Opcache，可以替代eaccelerator）
tar zxvf zendopcache-7.0.3.tgz cd zendopcache-7.0.3 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make make install cd ../
在php.ini中加入下面配置：
[opcache] zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/opcache.so" opcache.memory_consumption=128 opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8 opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000 opcache.revalidate_freq=60 opcache.fast_shutdown=1 opcache.enable_cli=1
# 使php.ini配置文件立即生效 kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
常用命令：
#修改完php.ini后执行： kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid` #修改完nginx.conf后执行 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload #重启mysql服务执行： service mysqld (start|stop|restart)