2014-07-12 Java Web的学习(9)-----JavaMail以及Servelet3.0新特性
1、邮件服务器
2、电子邮箱
3、邮件协议图示:
SMTP:(发邮件协议)Simple Message Transfer Protocal 简单消息传输协议,默认端口:25 |
POP3:邮局协议(收件协议).POST Office Protocal 默认端口:110 |
4、SMTP协议详解
tenlet客户端演示如何发送一封邮箱.
1.前期准备:
a.两个邮箱:
b.查看邮箱的帮助文档,找到163(假设)服务商SMTP和POP服务器的地址
SMTP:smtp.163.com
POP3:pop3.163.com
c.把发邮件的用户名和密码用Base64进行编码
username:rewqjkljkfds
password:dfsjakwerfsd
2.发送过程:
telnet smtp.163.com 25
---------------以下内容为SMTP协议
向服务器打招呼
请求身份认证
rewqjkljkfds
dfsjakwerfsd
mail from:<[email protected]>
rcpt to:<[email protected]>
邮件内容开始标记
邮件的内容必须遵守RFC822文档规范.
aaaa正文
邮件内容结束标记
--------------------------------
Quit 退出 telent.
3.接收邮件过程.
4.RFC822规范:约定邮件的内容.
| from:[email protected]  发件人 to:[email protected] 正常收件人 cc:抄送 bcc:;密送 subject:主题 空一行 邮件正文 |
5、JavaMail(Java语言中邮件相关开发)
1.JavaMail是JavaEE技术之一,是Java中邮件开发的规范.熟悉API.
2.主要的类和接口(mail.jar包括API规范和相关实现):熟悉官方的文档.
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简单:
package com.itheima.bookstore.utils.mail;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import com.itheima.bookstore.domain.Customer;
/**
* 发送邮件类
* @author LISAI
*/
public class SendMail extends Thread {
private String context;
private Customer customer;
public SendMail(String context,Customer customer){
this.context = context;
this.customer = customer;
}
@Override
public void run() {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.163.com");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
Session session = Session.getInstance(props);
session.setDebug(true);
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
try {
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, customer.getEmail());
message.setSubject("来自黑马网站的激活邮件");
message.setContent("欢迎您成为我们的会员<br/>请点击以下链接激活您的账户<a href='http://localhost:8080/"+context+"/servlet/CustomerController?op=active&username="+customer.getUsername()+"&code="+customer.getCode()+"'>激活</a>本邮件由系统发出，请不要直接回复", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
message.saveChanges();
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
ts.connect("[email protected]", "a1357924680");
ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("发送邮件失败");
}
}
}
复杂
package cn.nba.store.utils.mail;
import java.io.File;
/*
* 附件类，只有文件，即附件才文件名
*/
public class AttachBean {
private String cid;
private File file;
private String fileName;
public String getCid() {
return cid;
}
public void setCid(String cid) {
this.cid = cid;
}
public File getFile() {
return file;
}
public void setFile(File file) {
this.file = file;
}
public String getFileName() {
return fileName;
}
public void setFileName(String fileName) {
this.fileName = fileName;
}
public AttachBean() {
}
public AttachBean(File file, String fileName) {
super();
this.file = file;
this.fileName = fileName;
}
}
package cn.nba.store.utils.mail;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 表示邮件类，你需要设置：账户名和密码、收件人、抄送(可选)、暗送(可选)、主题、内容，以及附件(可选)
*
* 在创建了Mail对象之后
* 可以调用它的setSubject()、setContent()，设置主题和正文
* 也可以调用setFrom()和 addToAddress()，设置发件人，和添加收件人。
* 也可以调用addAttch()添加附件
* 创建AttachBean：new AttachBean(new File("..."), "fileName");
*/
public class Mail {
private String from;//发件人
private StringBuilder toAddress = new StringBuilder();//收件人
private StringBuilder ccAddress = new StringBuilder();//抄送
private StringBuilder bccAddress = new StringBuilder();//暗送
private String subject;//主题
private String content;//正文
// 附件列表
private List<AttachBean> attachList = new ArrayList<AttachBean>();
public Mail() {}
public Mail(String from, String to) {
this(from, to, null, null);
}
public Mail(String from, String to, String subject, String content) {
this.from = from;
this.toAddress.append(to);
this.subject = subject;
this.content = content;
}
/**
* 返回发件人
* @return
*/
public void setFrom(String from) {
this.from = from;
}
/**
* 返回发件人
* @return
*/
public String getFrom() {
return from;
}
/**
* 返回主题
*/
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
/**
* 设置主题
*/
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
/**
* 获取主题内容
*/
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
/**
* 设置主题内容
* @param content
*/
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
/**
* 获取收件人
* @return
*/
public String getToAddress() {
return toAddress.toString();
}
/**
* 获取抄送
* @return
*/
public String getCcAddress() {
return ccAddress.toString();
}
/**
* 获取暗送
* @return
*/
public String getBccAddress() {
return bccAddress.toString();
}
/**
* 添加收件人,可以是多个收件人
* @param to
*/
public void addToAddress(String to) {
if(this.toAddress.length() > 0) {
this.toAddress.append(",");
}
this.toAddress.append(to);
}
/**
* 添加抄送人，可以是多个抄送人
* @param cc
*/
public void addCcAddress(String cc) {
if(this.ccAddress.length() > 0) {
this.ccAddress.append(",");
}
this.ccAddress.append(cc);
}
/**
* 添加暗送人，可以是多个暗送人
* @param bcc
*/
public void addBccAddress(String bcc) {
if(this.bccAddress.length() > 0) {
this.bccAddress.append(",");
}
this.bccAddress.append(bcc);
}
/**
* 添加附件，可以添加多个附件
* @param attachBean
*/
public void addAttach(AttachBean attachBean) {
this.attachList.add(attachBean);
}
/**
* 获取所有附件
* @return
*/
public List<AttachBean> getAttachs() {
return this.attachList;
}
}
package cn.nba.store.utils.mail;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
/**
*
* @author 用来发邮件！
*/
public class MailUtils {
public static Session createSession(String host, final String username, final String password) {
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.setProperty("mail.host", host);// 指定主机
prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");// 指定验证为true
// 创建验证器
Authenticator auth = new Authenticator() {
public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
}
};
// 获取session对象
return Session.getInstance(prop, auth);
}
/**
* 发送指定的邮件
*
* @param mail
*/
public static void send(Session session, final Mail mail) throws MessagingException,
IOException {
MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);// 创建邮件对象
msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(mail.getFrom()));// 设置发件人
msg.addRecipients(RecipientType.TO, mail.getToAddress());// 设置收件人
// 设置抄送
String cc = mail.getCcAddress();
if (!cc.isEmpty()) {
msg.addRecipients(RecipientType.CC, cc);
}
// 设置暗送
String bcc = mail.getBccAddress();
if (!bcc.isEmpty()) {
msg.addRecipients(RecipientType.BCC, bcc);
}
msg.setSubject(mail.getSubject());// 设置主题
MimeMultipart parts = new MimeMultipart();// 创建部件集对象
MimeBodyPart part = new MimeBodyPart();// 创建一个部件
part.setContent(mail.getContent(), "text/html;charset=utf-8");// 设置邮件文本内容
parts.addBodyPart(part);// 把部件添加到部件集中
///////////////////////////////////////////
// 添加附件
List<AttachBean> attachBeanList = mail.getAttachs();// 获取所有附件
if (attachBeanList != null) {
for (AttachBean attach : attachBeanList) {
MimeBodyPart attachPart = new MimeBodyPart();// 创建一个部件
attachPart.attachFile(attach.getFile());// 设置附件文件
attachPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(attach
.getFileName()));// 设置附件文件名
String cid = attach.getCid();
if(cid != null) {
attachPart.setContentID(cid);
}
parts.addBodyPart(attachPart);
}
}
msg.setContent(parts);// 给邮件设置内容
Transport.send(msg);// 发邮件
}
}
6、Servlet3.0的新特性
规范网站:www.jcp.org
版本代号:JSR-*****
Servlet3.0的开发软件环境:
JDK:JDK1.6+
Tomcat:Tomcat7.0+
IDE:MyEclipse10.0+
1.web.xml的配置不是必须滴. |
2.Servlet3.0中Servlet,Filter,Listener使用注解方式实现. Servlet: @WebServlet(urlPatterns = { "/servlet/ServletDemo1" }, initParams = { @WebInitParam(name = "encoding" , value = "utf-8"), @WebInitParam(name = "xxx" , value = "yyy-8") })   Filter: @WebFilter (urlPatterns={"*.action"})   Listener @WebListener |
3.Servlet3.0中文件上传的简易方式 @MultipartConfig 说明表单提交是enctype ="multipart/form-data" request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); // String username = request.getParameter("username"); // System.out.println(username); Part part = request.getPart( "photo"); // 截取文件名 String headerValue = part.getHeader("Content-Disposition"); int index = headerValue.indexOf("filename=" ); String fileName = headerValue.substring(index + 10,headerValue.length() - 1); // part.write(this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/files"+"/1.jpg")); part.write(this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/files" +"/" +fileName)); |
4.对web fragments的支持: 第三方插件或者Servlet(框架),无需配置.而能直接使用在Servlet3.0的工程中. |
5.响应的异步支持: @WebServlet(value="/servlet/RegistServlet",asyncSupported=true) AsyncContext ac = request.startAsync();//开启异步 |