Java多线程包之BlockingQueue

在hadoop底层代码中,会看到有BlockingQueue的使用。

作为了解配置调优的作用,我也来了解一下BlockingQueue的使用。

 

BlockingQueue的核心方法
放入数据:
  offer(anObject):表示如果可能的话,将anObject加到BlockingQueue里,即如果BlockingQueue可以容纳,
    则返回true,否则返回false.(本方法不阻塞当前执行方法的线程)
  offer(E o, long timeout, TimeUnit unit),可以设定等待的时间,如果在指定的时间内,还不能往队列中
    加入BlockingQueue,则返回失败。
  put(anObject):把anObject加到BlockingQueue里,如果BlockQueue没有空间,则调用此方法的线程被阻断
    直到BlockingQueue里面有空间再继续.
获取数据:
  poll(time):取走BlockingQueue里排在首位的对象,若不能立即取出,则可以等time参数规定的时间,
    取不到时返回null;
  poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit):从BlockingQueue取出一个队首的对象,如果在指定时间内,
    队列一旦有数据可取,则立即返回队列中的数据。否则知道时间超时还没有数据可取,返回失败。
  take():取走BlockingQueue里排在首位的对象,BlockingQueue为空,阻断进入等待状态直到
    
BlockingQueue有新的数据被加入; 
  drainTo():一次性从BlockingQueue获取所有可用的数据对象(还可以指定获取数据的个数), 
    通过该方法,可以提升获取数据效率;不需要多次分批加锁或释放锁。

 

package com.test.concurrent;

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public class Producer implements Runnable {
    private volatile boolean isRunning = true;
    private BlockingQueue queue;
    private static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger();
    private static final int DEFAULT_RANGE_FOR_SLEEP = 1000;

    public Producer(BlockingQueue queue) {
        this.queue = queue;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        String data = null;
        Random r = new Random();

        System.out.println("启动生产者线程!");
        try {
            while (isRunning) {
                System.out.println("正在生产数据...");
                Thread.sleep(r.nextInt(DEFAULT_RANGE_FOR_SLEEP));

                data = "data:" + count.incrementAndGet();
                System.out.println("将数据:" + data + "放入队列...");
                if (!queue.offer(data, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                    System.out.println("放入数据失败:" + data);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        } finally {
            System.out.println("退出生产者线程!");
        }
    }

    public void stop() {
        isRunning = false;
    }
}

 

package com.test.concurrent;

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class Consumer implements Runnable{
    private BlockingQueue<String> queue;

    private static final int DEFAULT_RANGE_FOR_SLEEP = 1000;

    public Consumer(BlockingQueue<String> queue) {
        this.queue = queue;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("启动消费者线程!");
        Random r = new Random();
        boolean isRunning = true;
        try {
            while (isRunning) {
                System.out.println("正从队列获取数据...");
                String data = queue.poll(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                if (null != data) {
                    System.out.println("拿到数据:" + data);
                    System.out.println("正在消费数据:" + data);
                    Thread.sleep(r.nextInt(DEFAULT_RANGE_FOR_SLEEP));
                } else {
                    // 超过2s还没数据,认为所有生产线程都已经退出,自动退出消费线程。
                    isRunning = false;
                }
            }
        }
        catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        } finally {
            System.out.println("退出消费者线程!");
        }
    }
}

 

package com.test.concurrent;

import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public class BlockingQueueTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        // 声明一个容量为10的缓存队列
        BlockingQueue<String> queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<String>(10);
        
        Producer producer1 = new Producer(queue);
        Producer producer2 = new Producer(queue);
        Producer producer3 = new Producer(queue);
        Consumer consumer = new Consumer(queue);

        // 借助Executors
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        // 启动线程
        service.execute(producer1);
        service.execute(producer2);
        service.execute(producer3);
        service.execute(consumer);

        // 执行10s
        Thread.sleep(10 * 1000);
        producer1.stop();
        producer2.stop();
        producer3.stop();

        Thread.sleep(2000);
        // 退出Executor
        service.shutdown();
    }
}

 

 

 

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