(十八)用JAVA编写MP3解码器——迷你播放器

  1.定义解码一帧的接口   ILayer123

  Layer1、Layer2和Layer3这三个类都实现了ILayer123的decodeFrame方法。

// ILayer123.java
package jmp123.decoder;

public interface ILayer123 {
	public void decodeFrame(int intFirstChannel, int intLastChannel) throws Exception;
}

 

  2.封装解码器 对帧头解码之后可以知道当前待解码的文件是采用MPEG Audio的哪一层压缩方式,根据压缩层的 不同,解码器自动初始化Layer1、Layer2和Layer3这三个类中的某一个实例。你也就明白了为什么我们把这三 个类的大部分初始化放在其构造方法内的道理了。class Decoder的decodeFrame方法完成解码和播放一帧的任务。  

//Decoder.java
package jmp123.decoder;

import jmp123.output.Audio;

public final class Decoder {
	public final static int CH_LEFT = 0;
	public final static int CH_RIGHT = 1;
	public final static int CH_BOTH = 2;
	private static int intFirstChannel, intLastChannel;
	private static int intChannels;
	private static int intOutputChannel;
	private static int intForwardMultiple;
	private ILayer123 layer123;

	public Decoder(BitStream objBS, Header objHeader) {
		intChannels = objHeader.getChannels();
		switch(objHeader.getLayer()) {
		case 1:
			layer123 = new Layer1(objBS, objHeader);
			break;
		case 2:
			layer123 = new Layer2(objBS, objHeader);
			break;
		case 3:
			layer123 = new Layer3(objBS, objHeader);
			break;
		}

		// 设置参数缺省值
		intForwardMultiple = 1;
		setOutputChannel(CH_BOTH);
	}

	public void decodeFrame() throws Exception {
		layer123.decodeFrame(intFirstChannel, intLastChannel);

		if(intChannels == 1 && intOutputChannel == CH_BOTH) {
			int i;
			byte[] buf = Synthesis.bytePCMBuf;
			for(i = 0; i < 4608; i += 4) {
				buf[i+2] = buf[i];
				buf[i+3] = buf[i+1];
			}
		}

		if(intForwardMultiple == 1)
			Audio.write(Synthesis.bytePCMBuf, 4608);
		else {
			//变速变调?
			int i, k = 0, i0, i1, N = intForwardMultiple;
			byte[] buf = Synthesis.bytePCMBuf;
			for(i = 0; i < 4608; i += N << 2) {
				i0 = (buf[1+i] << 8) | (buf[2+i] & 0xff);
				i1 = (buf[3+i] << 8) | (buf[4+i] & 0xff);
				buf[k++] = (byte)i0; buf[k++] = (byte)(i0 >>> 8);
				buf[k++] = (byte)i1; buf[k++] = (byte)(i1 >>> 8);
			}
			Audio.write(buf, k);
		}
	}

	/*
	* intWhichChannel - 输出的声道: CH_LEFT/CH_RIGHT/CH_BOTH
	*/
	public static void setOutputChannel(int intWhichChannel) {
		intOutputChannel = intWhichChannel;
		switch (intWhichChannel) {
		case CH_LEFT:
			intFirstChannel = intLastChannel = 0;
			break;
		case CH_RIGHT:
			intFirstChannel = intLastChannel = 1;
			break;
		case CH_BOTH:
		default:
			if(intChannels == 1)
				intFirstChannel = intLastChannel = 0;
			else {
				intFirstChannel = 0;
				intLastChannel = 1;
			}
			break;
		}
	}

	public static void setForwardMultiple(int intMultiple) {
		if(intMultiple < 1 || intMultiple > 8)
			intMultiple = 1;
		intForwardMultiple = intMultiple;
	}
}

 

   解码、播放一个文件的类class PlayingThread:

// PlayingThread.java
package jmp123.player;

import jmp123.decoder.BitStream;
import jmp123.decoder.Decoder;
import jmp123.decoder.Header;
import jmp123.instream.IRandomAccess;
import jmp123.instream.BuffRandAcceFile;
import jmp123.instream.BuffRandAcceURL;
import jmp123.output.Audio;

public final class PlayingThread implements Runnable {
	private Decoder objDec123;
	private Header objHeader;
	private IRandomAccess objIRA;

	public PlayingThread(String strFileName) throws Exception {
		strFileName.toLowerCase();
		if (strFileName.startsWith("http://"))
			objIRA = new BuffRandAcceURL(strFileName);
		else
			objIRA = new BuffRandAcceFile(strFileName);
		objHeader = new Header(objIRA);
	}

	public void run() {
		int frame_count = 0;
		Thread.currentThread().setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY + 2);
		try {
			if (objHeader.syncFrame() == false)
				return;
			objHeader.printHeaderInfo();
			objDec123 = new Decoder(new BitStream(objIRA), objHeader);
			Audio.open(objHeader.getFrequency());

			// Playing
			while (true) {
				objDec123.decodeFrame();
				if (objHeader.syncFrame() == false)
					break;
				if ((++frame_count & 0x7) == 0x7)	//每8帧(44.1kHz,时长约0.2s)更新一次
					objHeader.printState();
			}

			objHeader.printState();
			Audio.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			//e.printStackTrace();
		}
		objIRA.close();
	}
}

 

   MP3解码引擎(engine)的编写过程就讲解完了,作为一个完整的程序,应该把播放器代码也出来,我只 写了一个简单的命令行播放器意思意思。MP3解码的关键技术方面的资料不太容易查阅到,其中泛泛而谈的比较 多,网上盛行互相抄袭。开放源代码的程序是我们获得这些细节的一种途径。

mpg123的README文件 写道
mpg123 is fast. Any faster software player is probably based on some hacked mpg123;-)

  这话说得狠牛,MPG123是优秀的MP3解码器,它的算法的确优秀。但他们不提供技术方面的其 它文档,只从源码码琢磨解码细节是一件比较痛苦的事。我花时间把最关键的“多相合成滤波”算法 整理出来,就是前面的贴子《(十四)用JAVA编写MP3解码器——多相合成滤波》和《MP3解码之DCT(32→64)快 速算法的展开》。如果你想了解MP3解码技术细节的话,强烈建议你看看,一是向别人的堪称经典的优秀算法学 习,二是希望有一天能有这方面的爱好者提出自己的更为优秀的算法。

 

  3.迷你播放器   经过上述封装之后,写一个基于命令行的迷你播放器就是很简单的事情了。播放器通常的做法 是将解码、播放放入一个线程,把播放控制放在另一个线程。对基于命令行的播放器来说,播放时不交互, 开不开线程都可以。

 

  PlayingThread类完成了对播放一个文件的封装,实现了Runnable接口是为了便于实现以“后台”方式解码、播 放。

  class PlayingThread中的这一行:

Thread.currentThread().setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY + 2);

为解码播放线程设置了更高的优先级,这对流畅解码播放是很有必要的,防止你在运行其它稍 复杂的任务时播放时断时续。

 

  命令行播放器class Player

/*
* Player.java -- JAVA MPEG 1.0/2.0/2.5 Layer I/II/III mini Player
*                简称:jmp123
* Copyright (C) 2010
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
* If you would like to negotiate alternate licensing terms, you may do
* so by contacting the author: <http://jmp123.sourceforge.net/>
*/
package jmp123.player;

import jmp123.player.PlayingThread;

/*
 * class Play -- 简单的命令行播放器示例
 */
public class Player {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		if (args.length > 0) {
			try {
				new Thread(new PlayingThread(args[0])).start();
				//new PlayingThread(args[0]).run();
			} catch (Exception e) {}
		} else
			showMsg();
	}

	//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
	private static void showMsg() {
		System.out.println(
		"jmp123 - JAVA mini MPEG 1.0/2.0/2.5 Layer I/II/III Decoder and Player\n"
		+"Copyright (C) 2010 LeiW  (Email:[email protected])\n\n"
		+"This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify\n"
		+"it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n"
		+"the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or\n"
		+"(at your option) any later version.\n\n"
		+"This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n"
		+"but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n"
		+"MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the\n"
		+"GNU General Public License for more details.\n\n"
		+"Usage: \njava -jar jmp123.jar <mp3 FileName or URL>");
	}
}

  其main方法内的 new Thread(new PlayingThread(args[0])).start();以新开一个线程以“后台”方式解码、播放;

  其main方法内的 //new PlayingThread(args[0]).run();在主程序中解码播放。

  你可以在这两行中任选一行来实现你的解码、播放方式。如果你打算写调用本解码库的GUI播放器,需要 注意两点:(1)必须开线程以“后台”方式解码播放;(2)控制“播放/暂停”调用静态方法Audio.(true)暂停音 频输出并阻塞解码过程,调用Audio(false)继续音频输出和解码。  

  播放器中只需用一行代码就可以完成对解码、播放一个文件的调用,是不是很方便呢?

 

  需要指出的是,播放时快进的同时不回放监听的话就超简单,快进同时能够监听是一件很难实现的事,涉及这 方面技术的有许多专利算法,包括大名鼎鼎的杜比司的算法。他们的算法不得而知。由于要改变抽样的样本数 使噪声急剧增加,我尝试过几种方法消噪,结果都不理想,难道非得将时域信号转换为频域,经过滤波后再转 换回来?有简单点的折衷办法把噪声降低到可接受的范围吗?也希望能有这方面的爱好者研究研究有所发现。

 

  附件里jmp123_xxx(xxx表示日期)内包含:本程序JAR包、两个批命令播放示例、一个自述文件Readme.txt、 一个许可协议文本。如果你在试用本程序时发现bug,楼下有请。

 

  文件下载   在jmp123主页 http://jmp123.sourceforge.net/ (或 ttp://jmp123.sf.net )下载最新的程序和源 码。源码和程序的API文档已经放上去了~

 

【全文完】

 
上一篇:(十七)用JAVA编写MP3解码器——解码Layer1

你可能感兴趣的:(java,多线程,算法,网络协议,Google)