今天学习了一下JavaMail,javamail发送邮件确实是一个比较麻烦的问题不用第三方邮件程序。为了以后使用方便,自己写了段代码.
Javamail-Android配置步骤:
下载Android版本JavaMail包,additional.jar、mail.jar和activation.jar,下载地址JavaMail-Android
在项目与src同一目录级别下,新建文件夹lib,将下载的3个jar包放入该文件夹
右键->Properties->Java Build Path->Libraries,选择Add External JARs,找到项目下lib目录的3个jar包
我的代码有三个类:
第一个类:MailSenderInfo.java
package com.util.mail; /** * 发送邮件需要使用的基本信息 */ import java.util.Properties; public class MailSenderInfo { // 发送邮件的服务器的IP和端口 private String mailServerHost; private String mailServerPort = "25"; // 邮件发送者的地址 private String fromAddress; // 邮件接收者的地址 private String toAddress; // 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名和密码 private String userName; private String password; // 是否需要身份验证 private boolean validate = false; // 邮件主题 private String subject; // 邮件的文本内容 private String content; // 邮件附件的文件名 private String[] attachFileNames; /** * 获得邮件会话属性 */ public Properties getProperties(){ Properties p = new Properties(); p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost); p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort); p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false"); return p; } public String getMailServerHost() { return mailServerHost; } public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) { this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost; } public String getMailServerPort() { return mailServerPort; } public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) { this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort; } public boolean isValidate() { return validate; } public void setValidate(boolean validate) { this.validate = validate; } public String[] getAttachFileNames() { return attachFileNames; } public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) { this.attachFileNames = fileNames; } public String getFromAddress() { return fromAddress; } public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) { this.fromAddress = fromAddress; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public String getToAddress() { return toAddress; } public void setToAddress(String toAddress) { this.toAddress = toAddress; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getSubject() { return subject; } public void setSubject(String subject) { this.subject = subject; } public String getContent() { return content; } public void setContent(String textContent) { this.content = textContent; } }
第二个类:MultiMailsender.java
package com.util.mail; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Properties; import javax.mail.Address; import javax.mail.BodyPart; import javax.mail.Message; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Multipart; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.Transport; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; /** * 发送邮件给多个接收者、抄送邮件 */ public class MultiMailsender { /** * 以文本格式发送邮件 * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件的信息 */ public boolean sendTextMail(MultiMailSenderInfo mailInfo) { // 判断是否需要身份认证 MyAuthenticator authenticator = null; Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties(); if (mailInfo.isValidate()) { // 如果需要身份认证,则创建一个密码验证器 authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword()); } // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,authenticator); try { // 根据session创建一个邮件消息 Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession); // 创建邮件发送者地址 Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress()); // 设置邮件消息的发送者 mailMessage.setFrom(from); // 创建邮件的接收者地址,并设置到邮件消息中 Address[] tos = null; String[] receivers = mailInfo.getReceivers(); if (receivers != null){ // 为每个邮件接收者创建一个地址 tos = new InternetAddress[receivers.length + 1]; tos[0] = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()); for (int i=0; i<receivers.length; i++){ tos[i+1] = new InternetAddress(receivers[i]); } } else { tos = new InternetAddress[1]; tos[0] = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()); } // Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO mailMessage.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,tos); // 设置邮件消息的主题 mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject()); // 设置邮件消息发送的时间 mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date()); // 设置邮件消息的主要内容 String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent(); mailMessage.setText(mailContent); // 发送邮件 Transport.send(mailMessage); return true; } catch (MessagingException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return false; } /** * 发送邮件给多个接收者,以Html内容 * @param mailInfo 带发送邮件的信息 * @return */ public static boolean sendMailtoMultiReceiver(MultiMailSenderInfo mailInfo){ MyAuthenticator authenticator = null; if (mailInfo.isValidate()) { authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword()); } Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(mailInfo .getProperties(), authenticator); try { Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession); // 创建邮件发送者地址 Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress()); mailMessage.setFrom(from); // 创建邮件的接收者地址,并设置到邮件消息中 Address[] tos = null; String[] receivers = mailInfo.getReceivers(); if (receivers != null){ // 为每个邮件接收者创建一个地址 tos = new InternetAddress[receivers.length + 1]; tos[0] = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()); for (int i=0; i<receivers.length; i++){ tos[i+1] = new InternetAddress(receivers[i]); } } else { tos = new InternetAddress[1]; tos[0] = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()); } // 将所有接收者地址都添加到邮件接收者属性中 mailMessage.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, tos); mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject()); mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date()); // 设置邮件内容 Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart(); BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart(); html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=GBK"); mainPart.addBodyPart(html); mailMessage.setContent(mainPart); // 发送邮件 Transport.send(mailMessage); return true; } catch (MessagingException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return false; } /** * 发送带抄送的邮件 * @param mailInfo 待发送邮件的消息 * @return */ public static boolean sendMailtoMultiCC(MultiMailSenderInfo mailInfo){ MyAuthenticator authenticator = null; if (mailInfo.isValidate()) { authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword()); } Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(mailInfo .getProperties(), authenticator); try { Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession); // 创建邮件发送者地址 Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress()); mailMessage.setFrom(from); // 创建邮件的接收者地址,并设置到邮件消息中 Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()); mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to); // 获取抄送者信息 String[] ccs = mailInfo.getCcs(); if (ccs != null){ // 为每个邮件接收者创建一个地址 Address[] ccAdresses = new InternetAddress[ccs.length]; for (int i=0; i<ccs.length; i++){ ccAdresses[i] = new InternetAddress(ccs[i]); } // 将抄送者信息设置到邮件信息中,注意类型为Message.RecipientType.CC mailMessage.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, ccAdresses); } mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject()); mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date()); // 设置邮件内容 Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart(); BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart(); html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=GBK"); mainPart.addBodyPart(html); mailMessage.setContent(mainPart); // 发送邮件 Transport.send(mailMessage); return true; } catch (MessagingException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return false; } /** * 发送多接收者类型邮件的基本信息 */ public static class MultiMailSenderInfo extends MailSenderInfo{ // 邮件的接收者,可以有多个 private String[] receivers; // 邮件的抄送者,可以有多个 private String[] ccs; public String[] getCcs() { return ccs; } public void setCcs(String[] ccs) { this.ccs = ccs; } public String[] getReceivers() { return receivers; } public void setReceivers(String[] receivers) { this.receivers = receivers; } } }
第三个类:MyAuthenticator.java
package com.util.mail; import javax.mail.*; public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator{ String userName=null; String password=null; public MyAuthenticator(){ } public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) { this.userName = username; this.password = password; } protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){ return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password); } }
下面给出使用上面三个类的代码:
public static void main(String[] args){ //这个类主要是设置邮件 MultiMailSenderInfo mailInfo = new MultiMailSenderInfo(); mailInfo.setMailServerHost("smtp.163.com"); mailInfo.setMailServerPort("25"); mailInfo.setValidate(true); mailInfo.setUserName("[email protected]"); mailInfo.setPassword("**********");//您的邮箱密码 mailInfo.setFromAddress("[email protected]"); mailInfo.setToAddress("[email protected]"); mailInfo.setSubject("设置邮箱标题"); mailInfo.setContent("设置邮箱内容"); String[] receivers = new String[]{"***@163.com", "***@tom.com"}; String[] ccs = receivers; mailInfo.setReceivers(receivers); mailInfo.setCcs(ccs); //这个类主要来发送邮件 MultiMailsender sms = new MultiMailsender(); sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo);//发送文体格式 MultiMailsender.sendHtmlMail(mailInfo);//发送html格式 MultiMailsender.sendMailtoMultiCC(mailInfo);//发送抄送
最后,给出朋友们几个注意的地方:
1、使用此代码你可以完成你的javamail的邮件发送功能、发多个邮箱。三个类缺一不可。
2、这三个类我打包是用的com.util.mail包,如果不喜欢,你可以自己改,但三个类文件必须在同一个包中
3、不要使用你刚刚注册过的邮箱在程序中发邮件,如果你的163邮箱是刚注册不久,那你就不要使用“smtp.163.com”。因为你发不出去。刚注册的邮箱是不会给你这种权限的,也就是你不能通过验证。要使用你经常用的邮箱,而且时间比较长的。
4、另一个问题就是mailInfo.setMailServerHost("smtp.163.com");与mailInfo.setFromAddress("[email protected]");这两句话。即如果你使用163smtp服务器,那么发送邮件地址就必须用163的邮箱,如果不的话,是不会发送成功的。
5、关于javamail验证错误的问题,网上的解释有很多,但我看见的只有一个。就是我的第三个类。你只要复制全了代码,我想是不会有问题的。
6、 然后在Android项目中添加网络访问权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>