[转]5步完成LiveCD制作

5步完成LiveCD制作            

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我说的5步指5个步骤：

1). 系统环境准备；

2). 安装LiveCD创建工具；

3). 创建LiveCD ISO；

4). 把LiveCD ISO复制到存储器中，例如DVD，U盘；

5). 测试

 

开始之前，首先我们要了解LiveCD创建工具是怎样工作的：

In a nutshell, the livecd-creator program    

* Sets up a file for the ext3 file system that will contain all the data comprising the live CD    
* Loopback mounts that file into the file system so there is an

installation root    
* Bind mounts certain kernel file systems (/dev, /dev/pts, /proc, /sys, /selinux) inside the installation root    
* Uses a configuration file to define the requested packages and

default configuration options. The format of this file is the same as is used for installing a system via kickstart.    
* Installs, using yum, the requested packages into the installation

using the given repositories    
* Optionally runs scripts as specified by the live CD configuration

file.    
* Relabels the entire installation root (for SELinux)    
*Creates a live CD specific initramfs that matches the installed

kernel    
* Unmounts the kernel file systems mounted inside the installation

root    
* Unmounts the installation root    
* Creates a squashfs file system containing only the ext3 file

(compression)    
* Configures the boot loader    
* Creates an iso9660 bootable CD  

 

第1步，安装系统环境：

 

CentOS 5.2 Linux

 

第2步，安装LiveCD创建工具：

编辑 /etc/yum.repos.d/centos-livecd.repo，加入如下的内容：

# Name: CentOS LiveCD repository
[livecd]
name = CentOS $releasever - LiveCD
baseurl = http://www.nanotechnologies.qc.ca/propos/linux/centos-live/$basearch/live
enabled=1
protect=0
gpgkey = http://www.nanotechnologies.qc.ca/propos/linux/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGuay

保存之后，就可以使用yum来安装必须的LiveCD创建工具了：

 

# yum install livecd-tools syslinux anaconda-runtime

 

第3步，创建LiveCD ISO，我们需要编辑kickstart配置文件，附件中有两个参考的kickstart文件：

centos-livecd-minimal.ks: a minimalistic LiveCD

centos-livecd-desktop.ks: the CentOS LiveCD

 

首先在系统中创建LiveCD creator的工作目录：

 

# mkdir /server/livecd
# cd /server/livecd

 

把下载的ks-configure-file保存到目录/server/livecd中，下面就可以创建liveCD ISO了：

 

# LANG=C livecd-creator --config=centos-livecd-minimal.ks --fslabel=CentOS-5.4-minimal

 

成功后，就会产生一个CentOS-5.4-minimal.iso的文件．

 

第4步，把LiveCD复制到USB中：

插入你的U盘，当系统自动mount你的U盘后，检查你的U按mount的位置

 

# LANG=C df -h
Filesystem                        Size    Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda7                            25G    8.5G     15G    37% /
/dev/sda1                            99M     18M     76M    20% /boot
tmpfs                                1013M         0 1013M     0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1                         982M    8.0K    982M     1% /media/usbdisk

 

开始复制：

# livecd-iso-to-disk CentOS-5.4-x86_64-LiveCD.iso /dev/sdb1
Verifying image...
/tmp/CentOS-5.4-x86_64-LiveCD.iso:     ad63c0a54086eb35e892d6e1292085e3
Fragment sums: 9e363badf4e9359c76ce8e324bdbd82847bed2dcc8e7e22ecbb2ddda2621
Fragment count: 20
Percent complete: 100.0%     Fragment[20/20] -> OK
100.0
The supported flag value is 0
The media check is complete, the result is: PASS.

It is OK to install from this media.
Already set up as live image.    Deleting old in fifteen seconds...
Copying live image to USB stick
Updating boot config file
Installing boot loader
USB stick set up as live image!

 

第5步，测试：插入U盘，重启电脑，选择U盘启动．

 

如果使用Wimdows的朋友，请参考： http://www.pendrivelinux.com/usb-centos-5-live-install-via-windows/

 

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